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Pwnagotchi

Pwnagotchi is an AI-powered WiFi auditing tool that autonomously captures WPA handshakes while learning from its environment using a neural network. It’s designed to run on Raspberry Pi for passive WiFi reconnaissance.

Installation

Raspberry Pi Setup

# Update system
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

# Clone Pwnagotchi repository
git clone https://github.com/evilsocket/pwnagotchi.git
cd pwnagotchi

# Install dependencies
sudo apt install python3-pip python3-dev libopenblas0 libatlas-base-dev libjasper-dev

# Install Python requirements
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

# Setup with installer
sudo python3 install.py

# Enable services
sudo systemctl enable pwnagotchi
sudo systemctl start pwnagotchi

Debian/Ubuntu (for testing)

# Install WiFi tools
sudo apt install aircrack-ng hostapd dnsmasq

# Clone and setup
git clone https://github.com/evilsocket/pwnagotchi.git
cd pwnagotchi
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

# Run in debug mode
python3 pwnagotchi.py --debug --no-gpsd

Basic Configuration

config.toml

# Main configuration file (~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/config.toml)

[main]
name = "Pawny"
db = "/tmp/pwnagotchi.db"
max-age = 120
batch_size = 50

[logging]
level = "debug"

[webui]
enabled = true
username = "admin"
password = "changeme"
address = "0.0.0.0"
port = 8080
ssl = false

[plugins]
enabled = true

[plugins.grid]
enabled = true
report = true

[plugins.cryptography]
enabled = true

[ui]
display = "waveshare_2in13"
fps = 0.5
rotation = 180

[bettercap]
port = 8082
proxy = true

WiFi Interface Configuration

# Set interface to monitor mode
sudo airmon-ng start wlan0

# Configure in config.toml
[wifi]
interface = "wlan0mon"
channel = "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11"
tx_power = 20
country = "US"

Starting Pwnagotchi

# Start as service
sudo systemctl start pwnagotchi

# View status
sudo systemctl status pwnagotchi

# Follow logs
sudo journalctl -u pwnagotchi -f

# Manual execution
python3 pwnagotchi.py

# Debug mode
python3 pwnagotchi.py --debug --no-sleep

Web UI Access

# Default credentials
URL: http://localhost:8080
Username: admin
Password: admin (change immediately)

# Change password
# Edit config.toml or use web interface

# Remote access (if configured)
http://<pwnagotchi-ip>:8080

Handshake Capture

View Captured Handshakes

# List all networks
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db ".schema"

# Query captured networks
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  "SELECT bssid, essid, handshake FROM networks WHERE handshake=1;"

# Export captured handshakes
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  "SELECT bssid, essid FROM networks WHERE handshake=1;" > captured_networks.txt

Convert to Aircrack Format

# Extract PCAP from database
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  "SELECT handshake FROM networks WHERE bssid='AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF';" > handshake.bin

# Convert binary to PCAP
pwnagotchi -export-pcap /tmp/pwnagotchi.db captured.pcap

Plugin System

Installing Plugins

# Plugins directory
~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/plugins/

# Clone plugin repository
cd ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/plugins
git clone https://github.com/evilsocket/pwnagotchi-plugins.git

# List available plugins
ls -la

Common Plugins

# Enable in config.toml

[plugins.grid]
enabled = true
report = true
username = "YOUR_GRID_USERNAME"
report_interval = 30

[plugins.cryptography]
enabled = true

[plugins.association-log]
enabled = true
enabled_data = ["essid", "bssid", "channel", "vendor"]

[plugins.manual-mode]
enabled = true
device = "/dev/ttyUSB0"

[plugins.webcam]
enabled = true
# Captures images of clients

Writing Custom Plugins

# ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/plugins/myplugin.py

from pwnagotchi.plugins import BasePlugin

class MyPlugin(BasePlugin):
    def __init__(self):
        self.options = {
            'enabled': {'default': False, 'description': 'Enable my plugin'}
        }

    def on_ready(self, agent):
        print("[*] My plugin loaded")

    def on_handshake(self, agent, filename, bssid, ssid, ap_list):
        print(f"[+] Handshake captured: {ssid}")

AI Training & Learning

Neural Network Configuration

# config.toml AI settings
[ai]
learning_rate = 0.001
training_batch_size = 32
reward_smoothing = 0.9
epochs = 100
discount_factor = 0.95

# Monitor training
tail -f ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/training.log

Training Status

# Check training progress
ps aux | grep pwnagotchi

# Training data location
~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/model/

# View training metrics
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  "SELECT DATE(timestamp), COUNT(*) FROM handshakes GROUP BY DATE(timestamp);"

Data Collection & Export

View Database

# Browse database
sudo sqlite3 -header -column /tmp/pwnagotchi.db

# Query commands
.tables
.schema
SELECT * FROM networks LIMIT 10;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM networks;
SELECT * FROM networks WHERE handshake=1;

Export Data

# CSV export
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  ".mode csv" \
  ".output networks.csv" \
  "SELECT * FROM networks;"

# JSON export
sudo sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db \
  ".mode json" \
  "SELECT * FROM networks;" > networks.json

# Handshake files
find ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/handshakes/ -type f

Advanced Configuration

Multi-Band Operation

[wifi]
interface = "wlan0mon"
# Channels (1-11 2.4GHz, 36+ 5GHz)
channels = "1,6,11,36,40,44,48"

# Channel switching speed
channel_duration = 5

# Tx power (mW)
tx_power = 20

GPS Integration

[gps]
enabled = true
device = "/dev/ttyUSB0"
baudrate = 9600

# Save location with captures
save_location = true

Automated Deauthentication

[deauth]
enabled = true
send_deauth = true
send_disassoc = true
packets = 1

# Only deauth handshakes
only_existing_handshakes = true

Troubleshooting

Issue: WiFi interface not in monitor mode

# Check current mode
iwconfig wlan0

# Enable monitor mode
sudo airmon-ng start wlan0

# Verify
iwconfig wlan0mon

Issue: No handshakes captured

# Check configuration
grep -A 10 "\[wifi\]" ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/config.toml

# Monitor activity
sudo tcpdump -i wlan0mon -c 20

# Check channel switching
tail -f /var/log/syslog | grep pwnagotchi

Issue: Web UI unreachable

# Check if service is running
sudo systemctl status pwnagotchi

# Verify port
sudo netstat -tlnp | grep 8080

# Check firewall
sudo ufw allow 8080/tcp

Issue: Low handshake capture rate

# Verify TX power
iw wlan0 set txpower fixed 20mBm

# Check channel list
iw wlan0 info

# Increase capture duration
# Edit config.toml: channel_duration = 10

Complete Setup Script

#!/bin/bash
# Pwnagotchi installation script

echo "[*] Installing Pwnagotchi..."
cd /tmp
git clone https://github.com/evilsocket/pwnagotchi.git
cd pwnagotchi

# Install dependencies
sudo apt install -y python3-pip aircrack-ng hostapd

# Install Python packages
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

# Create directories
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/plugins
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/model

# Copy configuration
cp config.toml.example ~/.local/share/pwnagotchi/config.toml

# Start service
sudo systemctl enable pwnagotchi
sudo systemctl start pwnagotchi

echo "[+] Pwnagotchi installed!"
echo "[*] Access web UI at http://localhost:8080"

Performance Monitoring

# System resources
top -p $(pgrep pwnagotchi)

# Memory usage
ps aux | grep pwnagotchi | awk '{print $6}'

# Handshake capture rate
watch -n 5 'sqlite3 /tmp/pwnagotchi.db "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM networks WHERE handshake=1;"'

# Database size
du -h /tmp/pwnagotchi.db

Security Notes

  • Change default web UI credentials immediately
  • Disable SSL in config if using locally only
  • Use firewall to restrict web UI access
  • Keep database backups
  • Monitor network activity for detection
  • Aircrack-ng - Crack captured handshakes
  • Hashcat - GPU-accelerated cracking
  • Bettercap - Network utility (used by Pwnagotchi)
  • Airmon-ng - WiFi interface management

Last updated: 2026-03-30 | Pwnagotchi v1.4