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1Password Cheat Sheet

Overview

1Password is a password management and secrets automation platform that securely stores passwords, API keys, SSH keys, credit cards, and other sensitive data with end-to-end encryption. Beyond personal password management, 1Password offers developer-focused tools including a CLI, SSH agent, secrets automation for CI/CD, and Connect Server for infrastructure secrets injection.

1Password provides team and enterprise features including shared vaults, fine-grained access controls, event logging, SCIM provisioning, and SSO integration. The 1Password CLI (op) enables scriptable access to vault items, while 1Password Connect and Service Accounts provide machine-to-machine secrets management for DevOps workflows.

Installation

# CLI - macOS
brew install 1password-cli

# CLI - Linux (Debian/Ubuntu)
curl -sS https://downloads.1password.com/linux/keys/1password.asc | \
  sudo gpg --dearmor --output /usr/share/keyrings/1password-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/1password-archive-keyring.gpg] https://downloads.1password.com/linux/debian/amd64 stable main" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/1password.list
sudo apt update && sudo apt install 1password-cli

# CLI - Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S 1password-cli

# Verify installation
op --version

# 1Password Connect Server (Docker)
docker pull 1password/connect-api
docker pull 1password/connect-sync

CLI Authentication

# Sign in interactively
eval $(op signin)

# Sign in with service account token
export OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN="ops_..."

# Check who is signed in
op whoami

# List accounts
op account list

# Sign out
op signout

Vault Operations

# List vaults
op vault list

# Get vault details
op vault get "Personal"

# Create a vault
op vault create "DevOps Secrets" --description "Infrastructure credentials"

# List items in a vault
op item list --vault "Personal"

# Search across all vaults
op item list --tags "production"

Item Management

# Get an item
op item get "GitHub Token"

# Get specific field
op item get "GitHub Token" --fields password
op item get "GitHub Token" --fields label=token

# Get as JSON
op item get "GitHub Token" --format json

# Get OTP
op item get "GitHub" --otp

# Create a login item
op item create \
  --category login \
  --title "Production Database" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets" \
  --url "https://db.example.com" \
  username=admin \
  password=SecureP@ss123!

# Create with generated password
op item create \
  --category login \
  --title "New Service" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets" \
  --generate-password=32,letters,digits,symbols

# Create a secure note
op item create \
  --category "Secure Note" \
  --title "Deployment Runbook" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets" \
  notesPlain="Step 1: ..."

# Create an API credential
op item create \
  --category "API Credential" \
  --title "Stripe API Key" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets" \
  credential="sk_live_..."

# Edit an item
op item edit "Production Database" password="NewPassword456!"

# Delete an item
op item delete "Old Credential"

# Move item to different vault
op item move "GitHub Token" --current-vault "Personal" --destination-vault "DevOps Secrets"

Secret References

# Use secret references in shell
export DB_PASSWORD=$(op read "op://DevOps Secrets/Production Database/password")
export API_KEY=$(op read "op://DevOps Secrets/Stripe API Key/credential")

# Secret reference format: op://vault/item/field

# Inject secrets into a command
op run --env-file=.env -- ./start-server.sh

# .env file with references
# DATABASE_URL=op://DevOps Secrets/Production Database/url
# API_KEY=op://DevOps Secrets/Stripe API Key/credential
# SMTP_PASSWORD=op://DevOps Secrets/Email Service/password

SSH Agent

# Enable SSH agent in ~/.ssh/config
# Host *
#   IdentityAgent "~/.1password/agent.sock"

# Add SSH key to 1Password
op item create \
  --category "SSH Key" \
  --title "GitHub Deploy Key" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets" \
  --ssh-generate --ssh-key-type ed25519

# List SSH keys
op item list --categories "SSH Key"

# Get public key
op item get "GitHub Deploy Key" --fields "public key"

Service Accounts

# Create service account (via web UI or API)
# Then use the token
export OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN="ops_eyJhbG..."

# Service accounts can:
op vault list
op item get "Production Database" --vault "DevOps Secrets"
op read "op://DevOps Secrets/Production Database/password"

1Password Connect

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  connect-api:
    image: 1password/connect-api:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    volumes:
      - ./1password-credentials.json:/home/opuser/.op/1password-credentials.json
      - data:/home/opuser/.op/data
    environment:
      - OP_CONNECT_TOKEN

  connect-sync:
    image: 1password/connect-sync:latest
    volumes:
      - ./1password-credentials.json:/home/opuser/.op/1password-credentials.json
      - data:/home/opuser/.op/data

volumes:
  data:
# Use Connect API
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $OP_CONNECT_TOKEN" \
  http://localhost:8080/v1/vaults

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $OP_CONNECT_TOKEN" \
  http://localhost:8080/v1/vaults/VAULT_ID/items

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $OP_CONNECT_TOKEN" \
  http://localhost:8080/v1/vaults/VAULT_ID/items/ITEM_ID

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

name: Deploy
on: [push]
jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: 1password/load-secrets-action@v2
        with:
          export-env: true
        env:
          OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN }}
          DB_PASSWORD: op://DevOps/Production DB/password
          API_KEY: op://DevOps/API Service/credential
      - run: ./deploy.sh

Docker / Kubernetes

# Inject secrets at container runtime
op run --env-file=.env -- docker run myapp

# Kubernetes External Secrets Operator
# Use 1Password Connect as a secrets backend

Advanced Usage

Document Management

# Upload a document
op document create ./certificate.pem \
  --title "TLS Certificate" \
  --vault "DevOps Secrets"

# Download a document
op document get "TLS Certificate" --out-file ./cert.pem

# List documents
op document list

Password Generation

# Generate password
op item create --generate-password=24,letters,digits,symbols --dry-run

# Generate in script
PASSWORD=$(op generate password --length 32)

# Generate passphrase
PASSPHRASE=$(op generate password --recipe words,4,en)

Events and Audit

# List sign-in events
op events list --limit 50

# List item usage events
op events list --event-type item_usage --limit 20

Configuration

# Environment variables
export OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN="ops_..."
export OP_CONNECT_HOST="http://localhost:8080"
export OP_CONNECT_TOKEN="eyJhb..."

# Configure default vault
op vault list  # Find vault ID
# Use --vault flag or reference in op:// URIs

Troubleshooting

IssueSolution
not signed inRun eval $(op signin) or set OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN
Session expiredRe-authenticate; sessions expire after 30 minutes
Item not foundCheck vault name/ID; use op item list to verify
Permission deniedVerify vault access for your account or service account
SSH agent not workingCheck IdentityAgent path in SSH config; restart 1Password
Connect API 401Verify Connect token; check credentials file is mounted
Secret reference failsVerify format: op://vault-name/item-name/field-name
CLI slow on first runFirst run downloads data; subsequent runs use local cache