YUM/DNF Package Manager

Comprehensive YUM and DNF commands and workflows for Red Hat, CentOS, and Fedora package management.

Installation & Updates

Basic Package Operations (DNF)

Command	Description
sudo dnf update	Update all packages
sudo dnf upgrade	Upgrade all packages (same as update)
sudo dnf install package_name	Install package
sudo dnf remove package_name	Remove package
sudo dnf autoremove	Remove unused dependencies
sudo dnf reinstall package_name	Reinstall package

Basic Package Operations (YUM)

Command	Description
sudo yum update	Update all packages
sudo yum install package_name	Install package
sudo yum remove package_name	Remove package
sudo yum autoremove	Remove unused dependencies
sudo yum reinstall package_name	Reinstall package

Advanced Installation

Command	Description
sudo dnf install package1 package2	Install multiple packages
sudo dnf install package-version	Install specific version
sudo dnf localinstall package.rpm	Install local RPM file
sudo dnf downgrade package_name	Downgrade package
sudo dnf install --enablerepo=repo package	Install from specific repo

Package Information

Search and Information

Command	Description
dnf search keyword	Search for packages
dnf info package_name	Show package information
dnf list installed	List installed packages
dnf list available	List available packages
dnf list updates	List available updates
rpm -qa	List all installed packages
rpm -qi package_name	Show installed package info

Package Dependencies

Command	Description
dnf deplist package_name	Show package dependencies
dnf repoquery --requires package_name	Show package requirements
dnf repoquery --whatrequires package_name	Show what requires package
rpm -qR package_name	Show package dependencies (RPM)

Repository Management

Repository Operations

Command	Description
dnf repolist	List enabled repositories
dnf repolist all	List all repositories
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo URL	Add repository
sudo dnf config-manager --disable repo_name	Disable repository
sudo dnf config-manager --enable repo_name	Enable repository

EPEL Repository (CentOS/RHEL)

Command	Description
sudo dnf install epel-release	Install EPEL repository
sudo yum install epel-release	Install EPEL (YUM)

System Maintenance

Cleanup Operations

Command	Description
sudo dnf clean all	Clean all cache
sudo dnf clean packages	Clean package cache
sudo dnf clean metadata	Clean metadata cache
sudo dnf autoremove	Remove orphaned packages

Package Groups

Command	Description
dnf group list	List package groups
dnf group info "Group Name"	Show group information
sudo dnf group install "Development Tools"	Install package group
sudo dnf group remove "Group Name"	Remove package group

Configuration Files

DNF/YUM Configuration

File	Description
/etc/dnf/dnf.conf	DNF main configuration
/etc/yum.conf	YUM main configuration
/etc/yum.repos.d/	Repository configuration files
/var/log/dnf.log	DNF log file
/var/log/yum.log	YUM log file

Example dnf.conf

[main]
gpgcheck=1
installonly_limit=3
clean_requirements_on_remove=True
best=False
skip_if_unavailable=True
fastestmirror=True
max_parallel_downloads=10

Example Repository File

[example-repo]
name=Example Repository
baseurl=https://example.com/repo/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY

Advanced Usage

History and Rollback

Command	Description
dnf history	Show transaction history
dnf history info ID	Show transaction details
sudo dnf history undo ID	Undo transaction
sudo dnf history redo ID	Redo transaction
sudo dnf history rollback ID	Rollback to transaction

Module Management (DNF)

Command	Description
dnf module list	List available modules
dnf module list --installed	List installed modules
sudo dnf module install module:stream	Install module stream
sudo dnf module enable module:stream	Enable module stream
sudo dnf module disable module	Disable module

Security Updates

Command	Description
dnf updateinfo	Show update information
dnf updateinfo --security	Show security updates
sudo dnf update --security	Install security updates only
dnf updateinfo list cves	List CVEs

Package Building

RPM Development

Command	Description
sudo dnf install rpm-build rpmdevtools	Install build tools
rpmdev-setuptree	Setup RPM build tree
rpmbuild -ba package.spec	Build RPM package
rpm -qp --requires package.rpm	Check RPM dependencies

Source RPMs

Command	Description
dnf download --source package_name	Download source RPM
rpm -ivh package.src.rpm	Install source RPM
rpmbuild --rebuild package.src.rpm	Rebuild from source

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Problem	Solution
Conflicting packages	sudo dnf remove conflicting_package
Broken dependencies	sudo dnf check
Corrupted RPM database	sudo rpm --rebuilddb
Repository errors	sudo dnf clean all && sudo dnf makecache

Lock Issues

Command	Description
sudo rm /var/lib/rpm/.rpm.lock	Remove RPM lock
sudo rm /var/run/yum.pid	Remove YUM lock
ps aux | grep yum	Check for running YUM processes

Database Repair

Command	Description
sudo rpm --rebuilddb	Rebuild RPM database
sudo dnf check	Check for problems
sudo dnf distro-sync	Synchronize packages

Fedora-Specific Features

Fedora Updates

Command	Description
sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=XX	Download upgrade
sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot	Perform upgrade
sudo dnf install fedora-upgrade	Install upgrade tool

Flatpak Integration

Command	Description
sudo dnf install flatpak	Install Flatpak
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo	Add Flathub

CentOS/RHEL-Specific

Subscription Manager (RHEL)

Command	Description
sudo subscription-manager register	Register system
sudo subscription-manager attach --auto	Auto-attach subscription
sudo subscription-manager repos --enable=repo_name	Enable repository

CentOS Stream

Command	Description
sudo dnf install centos-release-stream	Install Stream repos
sudo dnf swap centos-linux-repos centos-stream-repos	Switch to Stream

Performance Optimization

Configuration Tuning

# /etc/dnf/dnf.conf optimizations
[main]
fastestmirror=True
max_parallel_downloads=10
deltarpm=True
keepcache=True

Mirror Management

Command	Description
sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core	Install DNF plugins
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled powertools	Enable PowerTools (CentOS)

Best Practices

Security

1. Regular Updates: Keep system updated with security patches
2. Repository Verification: Only use trusted repositories
3. GPG Verification: Ensure packages are properly signed
4. Minimal Installation: Install only necessary packages
5. Security Updates: Prioritize security updates

Performance

1. Fastest Mirror: Enable fastest mirror plugin
2. Parallel Downloads: Configure parallel downloads
3. Delta RPMs: Enable delta RPM downloads
4. Cache Management: Regular cache cleanup
5. Repository Priorities: Set repository priorities

Maintenance

1. Regular Cleanup: Clean package cache regularly
2. History Tracking: Monitor transaction history
3. Dependency Health: Check for broken dependencies
4. Log Monitoring: Review system logs for issues
5. Backup: Backup important configurations