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stress-ng أوامر

stress-ng هي أداة شاملة لاختبار الإجهاد تُمرّن مختلف الأنظمة الفرعية الفيزيائية للحاسوب وواجهات نواة نظام التشغيل. تدعم أكثر من 300 مُجهِد للمعالج والذاكرة ونظام الملفات والشبكة والمزيد، مع مقاييس مدمجة ودعم ملفات مهام YAML.

التثبيت

Linux/Ubuntu

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install stress-ng

# Fedora/RHEL
sudo dnf install stress-ng

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S stress-ng

# From source
git clone https://github.com/ColinIanKing/stress-ng.git
cd stress-ng && make && sudo make install

# Verify installation
stress-ng --version

CPU Stressors

# Stress all CPUs with default method for 60 seconds
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 60s

# Stress a specific number of CPU workers
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s

# Use a specific CPU stressor method
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 60s

# List available CPU methods
stress-ng --cpu-method which

# Common CPU methods:
# matrixprod — matrix multiplication
# fft — Fast Fourier Transform
# ackermann — Ackermann function (recursive)
# bitops — bitwise operations
# callfunc — function call overhead
# double — double precision floating point
# euler — Euler's number calculation
# fibonacci — Fibonacci sequence
# int64 — 64-bit integer ops
# prime — prime number search

# Stress with specific CPU load percentage
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-load 75 --timeout 60s

# Pin stressors to specific CPUs (taskset style)
stress-ng --cpu 2 --taskset 0,1 --timeout 60s

# Stress and show metrics
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

Memory Stressors

# Stress memory (malloc/free cycles)
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --timeout 60s

# Memory stress with specific pattern checking
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 512M --vm-method all --timeout 60s

# Keep memory allocated (don't free)
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --vm-keep --timeout 60s

# Memory stress with mmap
stress-ng --mmap 2 --mmap-bytes 1G --timeout 60s

# Stack stress
stress-ng --stack 4 --timeout 60s

# Brk stress (heap expansion)
stress-ng --brk 2 --timeout 60s

# Malloc stress (rapid allocation/deallocation)
stress-ng --malloc 4 --malloc-bytes 64K --timeout 60s

# Memory bandwidth measurement
stress-ng --memrate 1 --timeout 30s --metrics-brief

# Big heap allocation stress
stress-ng --bigheap 2 --timeout 60s

# Zero memory pages stress
stress-ng --zero 2 --timeout 30s

# Out-of-memory stress (careful — can trigger OOM killer)
# stress-ng --oom-pipe 1 --timeout 30s

Disk I/O Stressors

# Sequential I/O stress
stress-ng --hdd 4 --timeout 60s

# Specific I/O size
stress-ng --hdd 4 --hdd-bytes 2G --timeout 60s

# Random I/O stress
stress-ng --seek 4 --timeout 60s

# Sync I/O (fsync after each write)
stress-ng --hdd 4 --hdd-opts sync --timeout 60s

# AIO (async I/O) stress
stress-ng --aio 4 --timeout 60s

# IO-uring stress (Linux 5.1+)
stress-ng --io-uring 4 --timeout 60s

# Filesystem metadata stress (create/delete files)
stress-ng --dentry 4 --timeout 60s

# Directory operations stress
stress-ng --dir 4 --timeout 60s

# File locking stress
stress-ng --flock 4 --timeout 60s

# Write to a specific temp directory
stress-ng --hdd 4 --temp-path /mnt/fast-disk --timeout 60s

# Mixed read/write workload
stress-ng --hdd 2 --hdd-opts rd-rnd,wr-seq --timeout 60s

Network Stressors

# TCP socket stress
stress-ng --sock 4 --timeout 60s

# UDP socket stress
stress-ng --udp 4 --timeout 60s

# Unix domain socket stress
stress-ng --sockpair 4 --timeout 60s

# SCTP socket stress
stress-ng --sctp 4 --timeout 60s

# Network device stress (loopback)
stress-ng --netdev 2 --timeout 60s

# Socket file descriptor stress
stress-ng --sockfd 4 --timeout 60s

VM and Kernel Stressors

# Fork stress (process creation)
stress-ng --fork 4 --timeout 60s

# Vfork stress
stress-ng --vfork 4 --timeout 60s

# Context switch stress
stress-ng --switch 4 --timeout 60s

# Pipe stress
stress-ng --pipe 4 --timeout 60s

# Signal handling stress
stress-ng --signal 4 --timeout 60s

# Timer stress
stress-ng --timer 4 --timeout 60s

# Futex stress (lock contention)
stress-ng --futex 4 --timeout 60s

# Semaphore stress
stress-ng --sem 4 --timeout 60s

# Scheduler stress
stress-ng --sched 4 --timeout 60s

# Clone/unshare stress (namespace creation)
stress-ng --clone 4 --timeout 60s

# Cgroup stress
sudo stress-ng --cgroup 4 --timeout 60s

Metrics and Statistics

# Show brief metrics summary
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

# Show detailed metrics
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics

# Include thermal zone info
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics --tz

# Log output to a file
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics --log-file stress.log

# Show per-stressor timing
stress-ng --cpu 4 --vm 2 --timeout 60s --times

# Output results in YAML format
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief --yaml stress-results.yaml

# Output in JSON format
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief --json stress-results.json

# Verbose output
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s -v

YAML Job Files

# Save as stress-job.yaml
# Run with: stress-ng --yaml stress-job.yaml

# stress-job.yaml
# A mixed stress test job
---
global:
  timeout: 120s
  metrics-brief: true

stressors:
- cpu:
    instances: 4
    cpu-method: matrixprod
- vm:
    instances: 2
    vm-bytes: 512M
- hdd:
    instances: 2
    hdd-bytes: 1G
- sock:
    instances: 2
# Run a YAML job file
stress-ng --job stress-job.yaml

# Override timeout from job file
stress-ng --job stress-job.yaml --timeout 300s

Thermal and Power الاختبار

# CPU stress with thermal monitoring
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 300s --metrics --tz

# Monitor thermal zones during test
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 120s --tz &
watch -n 1 'cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*/temp'

# Sustained load for thermal throttling tests
stress-ng --cpu 0 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 600s --metrics-brief --tz

# Low-power stress (minimal CPU load)
stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 10 --timeout 300s

Class-Based Stressors

# Stress all CPU-bound stressors
stress-ng --class cpu --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all memory stressors
stress-ng --class memory --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all I/O stressors
stress-ng --class io --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all network stressors
stress-ng --class network --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all OS/kernel stressors
stress-ng --class os --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# List available stressor classes
stress-ng --class which

# Run all stressors sequentially (comprehensive system test)
stress-ng --sequential 1 --timeout 5s --metrics-brief

# Run random stressors
stress-ng --random 8 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

Combined Workloads

# Simulate a web server workload
stress-ng --cpu 4 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 256M --sock 4 --fork 2 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

# Simulate a database workload
stress-ng --cpu 2 --hdd 4 --hdd-bytes 4G --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G \
          --seek 4 --flock 2 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

# Simulate a CI/CD build workload
stress-ng --cpu 0 --fork 8 --hdd 2 --pipe 4 --timeout 180s --metrics-brief

# Memory pressure test (gradually increase)
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 25% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 50% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 75% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

# Quick system stability check (2 minutes)
stress-ng --cpu 0 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --hdd 2 --fork 4 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

مرجع سريع

FlagPurpose
--cpu NN CPU worker processes (0 = all cores)
--vm NN virtual memory workers
--vm-bytes SIZEMemory per VM worker
--hdd NN disk I/O workers
--hdd-bytes SIZEData per HDD worker
--sock NN socket workers
--timeout DURATIONTest duration (e.g., 60s, 5m, 1h)
--metrics-briefShow performance metrics summary
--tzMonitor thermal zones
--class NAMERun all stressors of a class
--sequential NRun stressors one at a time
--random NRun N random stressors
--job FILERun from YAML job file
--cpu-load PCTTarget CPU utilization percentage
--yaml FILEOutput results in YAML
--json FILEOutput results in JSON