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Scorciatoie e flussi di lavoro completi di PyCharm per lo sviluppo di Python con strumenti Django, Flask e data science.
## Scorciatoie generali
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+A` | `Cmd+Shift+A` | Find Action | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+N` | `Cmd+Shift+O` | Go to File | |
| | `Ctrl+N` | `Cmd+O` | Go to Class | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+Alt+N` | `Cmd+Option+O` | Go to Symbol | |
| | `Ctrl+E` | `Cmd+E` | Recent Files | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+E` | `Cmd+Shift+E` | Recent Locations | |
| | `Ctrl+G` | `Cmd+L` | Go to Line | |
| | `Ctrl+F12` | `Cmd+F12` | File Structure | |
| | `Alt+F1` | `Option+F1` | Select In | |
## Navigazione
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+B` | `Cmd+B` | Go to Declaration | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+B` | `Cmd+Option+B` | Go to Implementation | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+B` | `Cmd+Shift+B` | Go to Type Declaration | |
| | `Ctrl+U` | `Cmd+U` | Go to Super Method | |
| | `Alt+F7` | `Option+F7` | Find Usages | |
| | `Ctrl+F7` | `Cmd+F7` | Find Usages in File | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+F7` | `Cmd+Shift+F7` | Highlight Usages | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+F7` | `Cmd+Option+F7` | Show Usages | |
| | `Ctrl+Click` | `Cmd+Click` | Go to Declaration | |
## Modifica
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+Space` | `Ctrl+Space` | Basic Code Completion | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+Space` | `Ctrl+Shift+Space` | Smart Code Completion | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+Space` | `Ctrl+Option+Space` | Class Name Completion | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+Enter` | `Cmd+Shift+Enter` | Complete Current Statement | |
| | `Ctrl+P` | `Cmd+P` | Parameter Info | |
| | `Ctrl+Q` | `Ctrl+J` | Quick Documentation | |
| | `Shift+F1` | `Shift+F1` | External Documentation | |
| | `Ctrl+F1` | `Cmd+F1` | Show Error Description | |
| | `Alt+Insert` | `Cmd+N` | Generate Code | |
| | `Ctrl+O` | `Ctrl+O` | Override Methods | |
| | `Ctrl+I` | `Ctrl+I` | Implement Methods | |
## Formattazione del codice
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+L` | `Cmd+Option+L` | Reformat Code | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+O` | `Ctrl+Option+O` | Optimize Imports | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+I` | `Ctrl+Option+I` | Auto-Indent Lines | |
| | `Tab` | `Tab` | Indent Selection | |
| | `Shift+Tab` | `Shift+Tab` | Unindent Selection | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+T` | `Cmd+Option+T` | Surround With | |
| | `Ctrl+/` | `Cmd+/` | Comment/Uncomment Line | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+/` | `Cmd+Shift+/` | Comment/Uncomment Block | |
## Refactoring
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `F5` | `F5` | Copy | |
| | `F6` | `F6` | Move | |
| | `Shift+F6` | `Shift+F6` | Rename | |
| | `Ctrl+F6` | `Cmd+F6` | Change Signature | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+N` | `Cmd+Option+N` | Inline | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+M` | `Cmd+Option+M` | Extract Method | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+V` | `Cmd+Option+V` | Extract Variable | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+F` | `Cmd+Option+F` | Extract Field | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+C` | `Cmd+Option+C` | Extract Constant | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+P` | `Cmd+Option+P` | Extract Parameter | |
## Correre e debug
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Shift+F10` | `Ctrl+R` | Run | |
| | `Shift+F9` | `Ctrl+D` | Debug | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+F10` | `Ctrl+Shift+R` | Run Context Configuration | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+F9` | `Ctrl+Shift+D` | Debug Context Configuration | |
| | `F8` | `F8` | Step Over | |
| | `F7` | `F7` | Step Into | |
| | `Shift+F7` | `Shift+F7` | Smart Step Into | |
| | `Shift+F8` | `Shift+F8` | Step Out | |
| | `Alt+F9` | `Option+F9` | Run to Cursor | |
| | `Alt+F8` | `Option+F8` | Evaluate Expression | |
## Python-Specific Caratteristiche
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+F10` | `Ctrl+Shift+R` | Run Python File | |
| | `Alt+Shift+F10` | `Option+Shift+R` | Run Python Console | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+S` | `Cmd+,` | Open Settings | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+Shift+S` | `Cmd+;` | Project Structure | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+A` | `Cmd+Shift+A` | Find Action | |
## Scorciatoie Django
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+R` | `Cmd+Option+R` | Manage.py Tasks | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+X` | `Cmd+Shift+X` | Run Django Server | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+G` | `Cmd+Option+G` | Django Console | |
## Scienza dei dati Strumenti
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Shift+Enter` | `Shift+Enter` | Execute Cell | |
| | `Ctrl+Enter` | `Cmd+Enter` | Execute Cell (Stay) | |
| | `Alt+Enter` | `Option+Enter` | Execute and Insert Below | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+A` | `Cmd+Shift+A` | Add Cell Above | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+B` | `Cmd+Shift+B` | Add Cell Below | |
## Controllo versione (Git)
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+K` | `Cmd+K` | Commit | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+K` | `Cmd+Shift+K` | Push | |
| | `Ctrl+T` | `Cmd+T` | Update Project | |
| | `Alt+9` | `Cmd+9` | Version Control Tool Window | |
| | `Ctrl+Alt+Z` | `Cmd+Option+Z` | Rollback | |
## Ricerca e Sostituisci
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Ctrl+F` | `Cmd+F` | Find | |
| | `F3` | `Cmd+G` | Find Next | |
| | `Shift+F3` | `Cmd+Shift+G` | Find Previous | |
| | `Ctrl+R` | `Cmd+R` | Replace | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+F` | `Cmd+Shift+F` | Find in Path | |
| | `Ctrl+Shift+R` | `Cmd+Shift+R` | Replace in Path | |
## Strumento di Windows
| | Windows/Linux | macOS | Description | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | `Alt+1` | `Cmd+1` | Project Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+2` | `Cmd+2` | Favorites | |
| | `Alt+3` | `Cmd+3` | Find Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+4` | `Cmd+4` | Run Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+5` | `Cmd+5` | Debug Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+6` | `Cmd+6` | TODO Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+7` | `Cmd+7` | Structure Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+8` | `Cmd+8` | Services Tool Window | |
| | `Alt+9` | `Cmd+9` | Version Control | |
| | `Alt+0` | `Cmd+0` | Messages Tool Window | |
## Migliori Pratiche
### Impostazione ambiente virtuale
1. **Create Virtual Environment**: Usa `python -m venv venv`_
2. **Configure Interpreter**: File → Impostazioni → Progetto → Python Interpreter
3. # Install Packages # Utilizzare PyCharm's package manager o pip in terminale
### Codice Qualità
1. **Enable Inspections**: File → Impostazioni → Editor → Ispezioni
2. **Utilizza il tipo Hints**: Abilita il controllo del tipo per un migliore completamento del codice
3. **Configure Code Style**: File → Impostazioni → Editor → Code Style → Python
### Sviluppo di Django
1. **Abilita il supporto Django**: File → Impostazioni → Lingue e Quadri → Django
2. **Configure Templates**: Imposta le directory dei modelli e la lingua
3. #Database Tools # Utilizzare il browser database integrato e la console SQL
### Consigli per il debug
1. **Interruzioni tradizionali**: Fare clic su breakpoint per aggiungere condizioni
2. **Exception Breakpoints**: Run → View Breakpoints → Python Eccezione Breakpoints
3. # Remote Debugging # Configurare l'interprete remoto per il debug su server