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YUM/DNF Responsabile del pacchetto

Traduzione: Copia tutti i comandi Traduzione: Generare PDF < > Comandi e flussi di lavoro completi YUM e DNF per la gestione dei pacchetti Red Hat, CentOS e Fedora. ## Installazione e aggiornamenti ### Operazioni di pacchetti di base (DNF) | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf update` | Update all packages | | | | `sudo dnf upgrade` | Upgrade all packages (same as update) | | | | `sudo dnf install package_name` | Install package | | | | `sudo dnf remove package_name` | Remove package | | | | `sudo dnf autoremove` | Remove unused dependencies | | | | `sudo dnf reinstall package_name` | Reinstall package | | ### Operazioni di pacchetti di base (YUM) | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo yum update` | Update all packages | | | | `sudo yum install package_name` | Install package | | | | `sudo yum remove package_name` | Remove package | | | | `sudo yum autoremove` | Remove unused dependencies | | | | `sudo yum reinstall package_name` | Reinstall package | | ### Installazione avanzata | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install package1 package2` | Install multiple packages | | | | `sudo dnf install package-version` | Install specific version | | | | `sudo dnf localinstall package.rpm` | Install local RPM file | | | | `sudo dnf downgrade package_name` | Downgrade package | | | | `sudo dnf install --enablerepo=repo package` | Install from specific repo | | ## Informazioni sul pacchetto ### Ricerca e Informazioni | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf search keyword` | Search for packages | | | | `dnf info package_name` | Show package information | | | | `dnf list installed` | List installed packages | | | | `dnf list available` | List available packages | | | | `dnf list updates` | List available updates | | | | `rpm -qa` | List all installed packages | | | | `rpm -qi package_name` | Show installed package info | | ### Dipendenze dei pacchetti | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf deplist package_name` | Show package dependencies | | | | `dnf repoquery --requires package_name` | Show package requirements | | | | `dnf repoquery --whatrequires package_name` | Show what requires package | | | | `rpm -qR package_name` | Show package dependencies (RPM) | | ## Gestione dei repository ### Operazioni di repository | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf repolist` | List enabled repositories | | | | `dnf repolist all` | List all repositories | | | | `sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo URL` | Add repository | | | | `sudo dnf config-manager --disable repo_name` | Disable repository | | | | `sudo dnf config-manager --enable repo_name` | Enable repository | | ### Repository EPEL (CentOS/RHEL) | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install epel-release` | Install EPEL repository | | | | `sudo yum install epel-release` | Install EPEL (YUM) | | ## Manutenzione del sistema ### Operazioni di pulizia | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf clean all` | Clean all cache | | | | `sudo dnf clean packages` | Clean package cache | | | | `sudo dnf clean metadata` | Clean metadata cache | | | | `sudo dnf autoremove` | Remove orphaned packages | | ### Gruppi di pacchetti | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf group list` | List package groups | | | | `dnf group info "Group Name"` | Show group information | | | | `sudo dnf group install "Development Tools"` | Install package group | | | | `sudo dnf group remove "Group Name"` | Remove package group | | ## File di configurazione ### DNF/YUM Configurazione | | File | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `/etc/dnf/dnf.conf` | DNF main configuration | | | | `/etc/yum.conf` | YUM main configuration | | | | `/etc/yum.repos.d/` | Repository configuration files | | | | `/var/log/dnf.log` | DNF log file | | | | `/var/log/yum.log` | YUM log file | | ### Esempio dnf.conf Traduzione: ### Esempio File di repository Traduzione: ## Uso avanzato ### Storia e Rollback | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf history` | Show transaction history | | | | `dnf history info ID` | Show transaction details | | | | `sudo dnf history undo ID` | Undo transaction | | | | `sudo dnf history redo ID` | Redo transaction | | | | `sudo dnf history rollback ID` | Rollback to transaction | | ### Gestione dei moduli (DNF) | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf module list` | List available modules | | | | `dnf module list --installed` | List installed modules | | | | `sudo dnf module install module:stream` | Install module stream | | | | `sudo dnf module enable module:stream` | Enable module stream | | | | `sudo dnf module disable module` | Disable module | | ### Aggiornamenti di sicurezza | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf updateinfo` | Show update information | | | | `dnf updateinfo --security` | Show security updates | | | | `sudo dnf update --security` | Install security updates only | | | | `dnf updateinfo list cves` | List CVEs | | ## Costruzione del pacchetto ### Sviluppo del RPM | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install rpm-build rpmdevtools` | Install build tools | | | | `rpmdev-setuptree` | Setup RPM build tree | | | | `rpmbuild -ba package.spec` | Build RPM package | | | | `rpm -qp --requires package.rpm` | Check RPM dependencies | | ### RPM di origine | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `dnf download --source package_name` | Download source RPM | | | | `rpm -ivh package.src.rpm` | Install source RPM | | | | `rpmbuild --rebuild package.src.rpm` | Rebuild from source | | ## Risoluzione dei problemi ### Questioni comuni | | Problem | Solution | | | --- | --- | | | Conflicting packages | `sudo dnf remove conflicting_package` | | | | Broken dependencies | `sudo dnf check` | | | | Corrupted RPM database | `sudo rpm --rebuilddb` | | | | Repository errors | `sudo dnf clean all && sudo dnf makecache` | | ### Problemi di blocco | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo rm /var/lib/rpm/.rpm.lock` | Remove RPM lock | | | | `sudo rm /var/run/yum.pid` | Remove YUM lock | | | | `ps aux \ | grep yum` | Check for running YUM processes | | ### Riparazione di database | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo rpm --rebuilddb` | Rebuild RPM database | | | | `sudo dnf check` | Check for problems | | | | `sudo dnf distro-sync` | Synchronize packages | | ## Caratteristiche Fedora-Specific ### Aggiornamenti Fedora | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=XX` | Download upgrade | | | | `sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot` | Perform upgrade | | | | `sudo dnf install fedora-upgrade` | Install upgrade tool | | ### Integrazione Flatpak | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install flatpak` | Install Flatpak | | | | `flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo` | Add Flathub | | ## CentOS/RHEL-Specific ### Abbonamento Manager (RHEL) | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo subscription-manager register` | Register system | | | | `sudo subscription-manager attach --auto` | Auto-attach subscription | | | | `sudo subscription-manager repos --enable=repo_name` | Enable repository | | ### Flusso di CentOS | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install centos-release-stream` | Install Stream repos | | | | `sudo dnf swap centos-linux-repos centos-stream-repos` | Switch to Stream | | ## Ottimizzazione delle prestazioni ### Tuning di configurazione Traduzione: ### Gestione degli specchi | | Command | Description | | | --- | --- | | | `sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core` | Install DNF plugins | | | | `sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled powertools` | Enable PowerTools (CentOS) | | ## Migliori Pratiche ### Sicurezza 1. **Aggiornamenti regolari**: Tenere aggiornato il sistema con patch di sicurezza 2. ** Verifica repository** Utilizzare solo repository fidati 3. **GPG Verification**: Assicurarsi che i pacchetti siano correttamente firmati 4. ** Installazione minima**: Installare solo pacchetti necessari 5. ** Aggiornamenti di sicurezza**: priorità aggiornamenti di sicurezza ### Prestazioni 1. # Specchio piu' veloce # Attivare il plugin mirror più veloce 2. **Parallel Downloads**: Configura download paralleli 3. **Delta RPMs**: Attiva download RPM delta 4. **Cache Management**: Pulizia regolare della cache 5. ** Priorità di repository**: Impostare priorità di repository ### Manutenzione 1. **Real Cleanup**: Pulisci regolarmente la cache dei pacchetti 2. Traduzione: Monitorare la cronologia delle transazioni 3. **Dependency Health**: Controllare le dipendenze interrotte 4. **Log Monitoring**: Verificare i log del sistema per problemi 5. **Backup**: Backup di configurazioni importanti