Commandes stress-ng

stress-ng est un outil complet de test de stress qui exerce divers sous-systèmes physiques d’un ordinateur et interfaces du noyau du système d’exploitation. Il supporte plus de 300 stresseurs pour le CPU, la mémoire, le système de fichiers, le réseau et plus, avec des métriques intégrées et le support de fichiers de tâches YAML.

Installation

Linux/Ubuntu

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install stress-ng

# Fedora/RHEL
sudo dnf install stress-ng

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S stress-ng

# From source
git clone https://github.com/ColinIanKing/stress-ng.git
cd stress-ng && make && sudo make install

# Verify installation
stress-ng --version

Stresseurs CPU

# Stress all CPUs with default method for 60 seconds
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 60s

# Stress a specific number of CPU workers
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s

# Use a specific CPU stressor method
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 60s

# List available CPU methods
stress-ng --cpu-method which

# Common CPU methods:
# matrixprod — matrix multiplication
# fft — Fast Fourier Transform
# ackermann — Ackermann function (recursive)
# bitops — bitwise operations
# callfunc — function call overhead
# double — double precision floating point
# euler — Euler's number calculation
# fibonacci — Fibonacci sequence
# int64 — 64-bit integer ops
# prime — prime number search

# Stress with specific CPU load percentage
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-load 75 --timeout 60s

# Pin stressors to specific CPUs (taskset style)
stress-ng --cpu 2 --taskset 0,1 --timeout 60s

# Stress and show metrics
stress-ng --cpu 4 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

Stresseurs mémoire

# Stress memory (malloc/free cycles)
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --timeout 60s

# Memory stress with specific pattern checking
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 512M --vm-method all --timeout 60s

# Keep memory allocated (don't free)
stress-ng --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --vm-keep --timeout 60s

# Memory stress with mmap
stress-ng --mmap 2 --mmap-bytes 1G --timeout 60s

# Stack stress
stress-ng --stack 4 --timeout 60s

# Brk stress (heap expansion)
stress-ng --brk 2 --timeout 60s

# Malloc stress (rapid allocation/deallocation)
stress-ng --malloc 4 --malloc-bytes 64K --timeout 60s

# Memory bandwidth measurement
stress-ng --memrate 1 --timeout 30s --metrics-brief

# Big heap allocation stress
stress-ng --bigheap 2 --timeout 60s

# Zero memory pages stress
stress-ng --zero 2 --timeout 30s

# Out-of-memory stress (careful — can trigger OOM killer)
# stress-ng --oom-pipe 1 --timeout 30s

Stresseurs d’E/S disque

# Sequential I/O stress
stress-ng --hdd 4 --timeout 60s

# Specific I/O size
stress-ng --hdd 4 --hdd-bytes 2G --timeout 60s

# Random I/O stress
stress-ng --seek 4 --timeout 60s

# Sync I/O (fsync after each write)
stress-ng --hdd 4 --hdd-opts sync --timeout 60s

# AIO (async I/O) stress
stress-ng --aio 4 --timeout 60s

# IO-uring stress (Linux 5.1+)
stress-ng --io-uring 4 --timeout 60s

# Filesystem metadata stress (create/delete files)
stress-ng --dentry 4 --timeout 60s

# Directory operations stress
stress-ng --dir 4 --timeout 60s

# File locking stress
stress-ng --flock 4 --timeout 60s

# Write to a specific temp directory
stress-ng --hdd 4 --temp-path /mnt/fast-disk --timeout 60s

# Mixed read/write workload
stress-ng --hdd 2 --hdd-opts rd-rnd,wr-seq --timeout 60s

Stresseurs réseau

# TCP socket stress
stress-ng --sock 4 --timeout 60s

# UDP socket stress
stress-ng --udp 4 --timeout 60s

# Unix domain socket stress
stress-ng --sockpair 4 --timeout 60s

# SCTP socket stress
stress-ng --sctp 4 --timeout 60s

# Network device stress (loopback)
stress-ng --netdev 2 --timeout 60s

# Socket file descriptor stress
stress-ng --sockfd 4 --timeout 60s

Stresseurs VM et noyau

# Fork stress (process creation)
stress-ng --fork 4 --timeout 60s

# Vfork stress
stress-ng --vfork 4 --timeout 60s

# Context switch stress
stress-ng --switch 4 --timeout 60s

# Pipe stress
stress-ng --pipe 4 --timeout 60s

# Signal handling stress
stress-ng --signal 4 --timeout 60s

# Timer stress
stress-ng --timer 4 --timeout 60s

# Futex stress (lock contention)
stress-ng --futex 4 --timeout 60s

# Semaphore stress
stress-ng --sem 4 --timeout 60s

# Scheduler stress
stress-ng --sched 4 --timeout 60s

# Clone/unshare stress (namespace creation)
stress-ng --clone 4 --timeout 60s

# Cgroup stress
sudo stress-ng --cgroup 4 --timeout 60s

Métriques et statistiques

# Show brief metrics summary
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

# Show detailed metrics
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics

# Include thermal zone info
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics --tz

# Log output to a file
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics --log-file stress.log

# Show per-stressor timing
stress-ng --cpu 4 --vm 2 --timeout 60s --times

# Output results in YAML format
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief --yaml stress-results.yaml

# Output in JSON format
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief --json stress-results.json

# Verbose output
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s -v

Fichiers de tâches YAML

# Save as stress-job.yaml
# Run with: stress-ng --yaml stress-job.yaml

# stress-job.yaml
# A mixed stress test job
---
global:
  timeout: 120s
  metrics-brief: true

stressors:
- cpu:
    instances: 4
    cpu-method: matrixprod
- vm:
    instances: 2
    vm-bytes: 512M
- hdd:
    instances: 2
    hdd-bytes: 1G
- sock:
    instances: 2

# Run a YAML job file
stress-ng --job stress-job.yaml

# Override timeout from job file
stress-ng --job stress-job.yaml --timeout 300s

Tests thermiques et d’alimentation

# CPU stress with thermal monitoring
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 300s --metrics --tz

# Monitor thermal zones during test
stress-ng --cpu 0 --timeout 120s --tz &
watch -n 1 'cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*/temp'

# Sustained load for thermal throttling tests
stress-ng --cpu 0 --cpu-method matrixprod --timeout 600s --metrics-brief --tz

# Low-power stress (minimal CPU load)
stress-ng --cpu 1 --cpu-load 10 --timeout 300s

Stresseurs par classe

# Stress all CPU-bound stressors
stress-ng --class cpu --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all memory stressors
stress-ng --class memory --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all I/O stressors
stress-ng --class io --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all network stressors
stress-ng --class network --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# Stress all OS/kernel stressors
stress-ng --class os --sequential 1 --timeout 10s --metrics-brief

# List available stressor classes
stress-ng --class which

# Run all stressors sequentially (comprehensive system test)
stress-ng --sequential 1 --timeout 5s --metrics-brief

# Run random stressors
stress-ng --random 8 --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

Charges de travail combinées

# Simulate a web server workload
stress-ng --cpu 4 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 256M --sock 4 --fork 2 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

# Simulate a database workload
stress-ng --cpu 2 --hdd 4 --hdd-bytes 4G --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G \
          --seek 4 --flock 2 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

# Simulate a CI/CD build workload
stress-ng --cpu 0 --fork 8 --hdd 2 --pipe 4 --timeout 180s --metrics-brief

# Memory pressure test (gradually increase)
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 25% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 50% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief
stress-ng --vm 1 --vm-bytes 75% --timeout 60s --metrics-brief

# Quick system stability check (2 minutes)
stress-ng --cpu 0 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 1G --hdd 2 --fork 4 --timeout 120s --metrics-brief

Référence rapide

Option	Fonction
--cpu N	N CPU worker processes (0 = all cores)
--vm N	N virtual memory workers
--vm-bytes SIZE	Memory per VM worker
--hdd N	N disk I/O workers
--hdd-bytes SIZE	Data per HDD worker
--sock N	N socket workers
--timeout DURATION	Test duration (e.g., 60s, 5m, 1h)
--metrics-brief	Show performance metrics summary
--tz	Monitor thermal zones
--class NAME	Run all stressors of a class
--sequential N	Run stressors one at a time
--random N	Run N random stressors
--job FILE	Run from YAML job file
--cpu-load PCT	Target CPU utilization percentage
--yaml FILE	Output results in YAML
--json FILE	Output results in JSON