Folha de Dicas da Ferramenta de Auditoria de Segurança do Azure Azucar

Visão Geral

Azucar é uma ferramenta de auditoria de segurança de código aberto para ambientes Azure desenvolvida por Juan Garrido. Ela coleta automaticamente uma variedade de dados de configuração do Azure Active Directory, Bancos de Dados Azure SQL, Contas de Armazenamento, Key Vaults e outros serviços Azure para ajudar a identificar possíveis problemas de segurança e configurações incorretas.

⚠️ Aviso: Esta ferramenta destina-se apenas a avaliações de segurança autorizadas e auditoria. Certifique-se de ter autorização adequada antes de usar em qualquer ambiente.

Instalação

Instalação pela Galeria do PowerShell

# Install from PowerShell Gallery
Install-Module -Name Azucar

# Install for current user only
Install-Module -Name Azucar -Scope CurrentUser

# Update existing installation
Update-Module -Name Azucar

# Import module
Import-Module Azucar

Instalação Manual

# Download from GitHub
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/nccgroup/azucar/archive/master.zip" -OutFile "Azucar.zip"
Expand-Archive -Path "Azucar.zip" -DestinationPath "C:\Tools\"

# Import module
Import-Module C:\Tools\Azucar-master\Azucar.psd1

# Install dependencies
Install-Module -Name Az
Install-Module -Name AzureAD

Instalação via Git

# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/azucar.git
cd azucar

# Import in PowerShell
Import-Module .\Azucar.psd1

Uso Básico

Configuração do Módulo

# Import Azucar
Import-Module Azucar

# Get available commands
Get-Command -Module Azucar

# Get help for main function
Get-Help Invoke-Azucar -Full

# Check module version
Get-Module Azucar

Autenticação

# Interactive authentication
Connect-AzAccount

# Service principal authentication
$credential = Get-Credential
Connect-AzAccount -ServicePrincipal -Credential $credential -TenantId "tenant-id"

# Certificate authentication
Connect-AzAccount -ServicePrincipal -CertificateThumbprint "thumbprint" -ApplicationId "app-id" -TenantId "tenant-id"

Referência de Comandos

Comandos Principais

Comando	Descrição
Invoke-Azucar	Função principal de auditoria
Get-AzucarReport	Gerar relatório de auditoria
Export-AzucarData	Exportar dados de auditoria
Set-AzucarConfig	Configurar configurações de auditoria

Opções de Auditoria

Parâmetro	Descrição
-TenantId	ID de inquilino do Azure AD
-SubscriptionId	ID da assinatura do Azure
-OutputPath	Caminho do diretório de saída
-Format	Formato do relatório (HTML/JSON/CSV)
-Verbose	Ativar saída detalhada

Auditoria Abrangente de Segurança

Auditoria Básica

# Run basic security audit
Invoke-Azucar

# Audit specific tenant
Invoke-Azucar -TenantId "tenant-id"

# Audit specific subscription
Invoke-Azucar -SubscriptionId "subscription-id"

# Audit with custom output path
Invoke-Azucar -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

Opções Avançadas de Auditoria

# Comprehensive audit with all checks
Invoke-Azucar -All

# Audit specific services
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD", "Storage", "KeyVault", "SQL")

# Audit with specific compliance framework
Invoke-Azucar -ComplianceFramework "CIS"

# Audit with custom configuration
Invoke-Azucar -ConfigFile "custom-config.json"

Auditoria Multi-Tenant

# Audit multiple tenants
$tenants = @("tenant1-id", "tenant2-id", "tenant3-id")
foreach ($tenant in $tenants) \\\\{
    Invoke-Azucar -TenantId $tenant -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\$tenant\"
\\\\}

# Audit all accessible tenants
$allTenants = Get-AzTenant
foreach ($tenant in $allTenants) \\\\{
    Invoke-Azucar -TenantId $tenant.Id -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\$($tenant.Id)\"
\\\\}

Auditoria do Azure Active Directory

Análise de Usuários e Grupos

# Audit Azure AD users
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "Users"

# Check for privileged users
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "PrivilegedUsers"

# Audit group memberships
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "Groups"

# Check guest user access
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "GuestUsers"

Análise de Aplicações e Entidades de Serviço

# Audit applications
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "Applications"

# Check application permissions
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "ApplicationPermissions"

# Audit service principals
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "ServicePrincipals"

# Check for overprivileged applications
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "HighPrivilegeApps"

Políticas de Acesso Condicional e Segurança

# Audit Conditional Access policies
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "ConditionalAccess"

# Check MFA configuration
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "MFA"

# Audit password policies
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "PasswordPolicies"

# Check security defaults
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Focus "SecurityDefaults"

Auditoria de Recursos Azure

Segurança de Contas de Armazenamento

# Audit storage accounts
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Storage")

# Check storage account access
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Storage") -Focus "PublicAccess"

# Audit storage encryption
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Storage") -Focus "Encryption"

# Check storage account keys
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Storage") -Focus "AccessKeys"

Segurança de Key Vault

# Audit Key Vaults
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("KeyVault")

# Check Key Vault access policies
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("KeyVault") -Focus "AccessPolicies"

# Audit Key Vault secrets
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("KeyVault") -Focus "Secrets"

# Check Key Vault network access
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("KeyVault") -Focus "NetworkAccess"

Segurança de Banco de Dados SQL

# Audit SQL databases
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SQL")

# Check SQL server firewall rules
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SQL") -Focus "FirewallRules"

# Audit SQL database encryption
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SQL") -Focus "Encryption"

# Check SQL auditing configuration
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SQL") -Focus "Auditing"

Segurança de Máquinas Virtuais

# Audit virtual machines
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("VirtualMachines")

# Check VM network security groups
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("VirtualMachines") -Focus "NetworkSecurity"

# Audit VM disk encryption
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("VirtualMachines") -Focus "DiskEncryption"

# Check VM backup configuration
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("VirtualMachines") -Focus "Backup"

Auditoria de Segurança de Rede

Grupos de Segurança de Rede

# Audit network security groups
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Network") -Focus "SecurityGroups"

# Check for overly permissive rules
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Network") -Focus "PermissiveRules"

# Audit inbound rules
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Network") -Focus "InboundRules"

# Check for default rules
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("Network") -Focus "DefaultRules"

Configuração de Rede Virtual```powershell

Audit virtual networks

Invoke-Azucar -Services @(“Network”) -Focus “VirtualNetworks”

Check subnet configuration

Invoke-Azucar -Services @(“Network”) -Focus “Subnets”

Audit network peering

Invoke-Azucar -Services @(“Network”) -Focus “Peering”

Check DNS configuration

Invoke-Azucar -Services @(“Network”) -Focus “DNS”

```powershell
# Run CIS Azure benchmark
Invoke-Azucar -ComplianceFramework "CIS"

# Generate CIS compliance report
Invoke-Azucar -ComplianceFramework "CIS" -Format "HTML" -OutputPath "C:\CIS_Report\"

# Check specific CIS controls
Invoke-Azucar -ComplianceFramework "CIS" -Controls @("1.1", "1.2", "2.1")
```### Integração do Azure Security Center
```powershell
# Audit Security Center configuration
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SecurityCenter")

# Check security policies
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SecurityCenter") -Focus "Policies"

# Audit security recommendations
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SecurityCenter") -Focus "Recommendations"

# Check security alerts
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("SecurityCenter") -Focus "Alerts"
```### Governança de Recursos
```powershell
# Audit resource groups
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("ResourceManagement") -Focus "ResourceGroups"

# Check resource tags
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("ResourceManagement") -Focus "Tags"

# Audit resource locks
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("ResourceManagement") -Focus "Locks"

# Check resource policies
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("ResourceManagement") -Focus "Policies"
```## Geração e Análise de Relatórios
```powershell
# Generate HTML report
Invoke-Azucar -Format "HTML" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

# Generate detailed HTML report
Invoke-Azucar -Format "HTML" -Detailed -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

# Generate executive summary
Invoke-Azucar -Format "HTML" -Summary -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"
```### Relatórios HTML
```powershell
# Export to JSON
Invoke-Azucar -Format "JSON" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

# Export to CSV
Invoke-Azucar -Format "CSV" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

# Export raw data
Invoke-Azucar -Format "Raw" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"
```### Exportação JSON e CSV
```powershell
# Use custom report template
Invoke-Azucar -Template "custom-template.html" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"

# Generate report with custom branding
Invoke-Azucar -Template "branded-template.html" -CompanyName "Your Company" -OutputPath "C:\AzureAudit\"
```### Modelos de Relatórios Personalizados
```json
\\\\{
  "AuditSettings": \\\\{
    "IncludeServices": ["AzureAD", "Storage", "KeyVault", "SQL"],
    "ExcludeChecks": ["LowPriority"],
    "OutputFormat": "HTML",
    "DetailLevel": "High"
  \\\\},
  "ComplianceFrameworks": \\\\{
    "CIS": \\\\{
      "Version": "1.3.0",
      "IncludeControls": ["1.*", "2.*", "3.*"]
    \\\\}
  \\\\},
  "ReportSettings": \\\\{
    "IncludeRecommendations": true,
    "IncludeEvidence": true,
    "GroupByService": true
  \\\\}
\\\\}
```## Configuração Avançada
```powershell
# Set custom configuration
$config = @\\\\{
    Services = @("AzureAD", "Storage", "KeyVault")
    OutputFormat = "HTML"
    DetailLevel = "High"
    IncludeRecommendations = $true
\\\\}

Set-AzucarConfig -Configuration $config

# Run audit with custom configuration
Invoke-Azucar -UseCustomConfig
```### Arquivo de Configuração Personalizado
```powershell
# Exclude specific resource groups
Invoke-Azucar -ExcludeResourceGroups @("test-rg", "dev-rg")

# Include only specific subscriptions
Invoke-Azucar -IncludeSubscriptions @("sub1-id", "sub2-id")

# Exclude low-priority findings
Invoke-Azucar -ExcludeSeverity @("Low", "Informational")

# Filter by resource tags
Invoke-Azucar -FilterByTags @\\\\{Environment="Production"; Owner="Security"\\\\}
```### Configuração do PowerShell
```powershell
# Automated Azure security audit script
param(
    [string]$TenantId,
    [string]$OutputPath = "C:\AzureAudit",
    [string]$EmailRecipients = "security@company.com"
)

# Create output directory with timestamp
$timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss"
$auditPath = Join-Path $OutputPath "Audit_$timestamp"
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $auditPath -Force

# Authenticate to Azure
Connect-AzAccount -TenantId $TenantId

# Run comprehensive audit
Write-Host "Starting Azure security audit..."
Invoke-Azucar -All -Format "HTML" -OutputPath $auditPath

# Generate summary report
$reportPath = Join-Path $auditPath "AzureSecurityAudit.html"
if (Test-Path $reportPath) \\\\{
    Write-Host "Audit completed successfully"

    # Send email notification
    $subject = "Azure Security Audit Completed - $timestamp"
    $body = "Azure security audit has been completed. Report available at: $reportPath"

    Send-MailMessage -To $EmailRecipients -Subject $subject -Body $body -Attachments $reportPath
\\\\} else \\\\{
    Write-Error "Audit failed - report not generated"
\\\\}
```### Filtragem e Exclusões
```powershell
# Create scheduled task for regular audits
$action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "PowerShell.exe" -Argument "-File C:\Scripts\AzureAudit.ps1"
$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Weekly -DaysOfWeek Monday -At 6AM
$settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -AllowStartIfOnBatteries -DontStopIfGoingOnBatteries

Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName "Azure Security Audit" -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Settings $settings
```## Automação e Agendamento
```powershell
# Continuous monitoring script
param(
    [int]$IntervalHours = 24,
    [string]$LogPath = "C:\AzureAudit\monitoring.log"
)

while ($true) \\\\{
    $timestamp = Get-Date
    Write-Output "[$timestamp] Starting Azure security monitoring"|Tee-Object -FilePath $LogPath -Append

    try \\\\{
        # Run quick security check
        $findings = Invoke-Azucar -Quick -Format "JSON"

        # Check for critical findings
        $criticalFindings = $findings|Where-Object \\\\{$_.Severity -eq "Critical"\\\\}

        if ($criticalFindings) \\\\{
            Write-Output "[$timestamp] Critical findings detected: $($criticalFindings.Count)"|Tee-Object -FilePath $LogPath -Append

            # Send alert
            $alertSubject = "ALERT: Critical Azure Security Findings"
            $alertBody = "Critical security findings detected in Azure environment. Immediate attention required."
            Send-MailMessage -To "security@company.com" -Subject $alertSubject -Body $alertBody
        \\\\}
    \\\\}
    catch \\\\{
        Write-Output "[$timestamp] Error during monitoring: $($_.Exception.Message)"|Tee-Object -FilePath $LogPath -Append
    \\\\}

    Start-Sleep -Seconds ($IntervalHours * 3600)
\\\\}
```### Script de Auditoria Automatizado
```powershell
# Clear cached credentials
Clear-AzContext -Force

# Test authentication
$context = Get-AzContext
if (-not $context) \\\\{
    Write-Error "Not authenticated to Azure"
    Connect-AzAccount
\\\\}

# Verify permissions
$currentUser = Get-AzADUser -UserPrincipalName (Get-AzContext).Account.Id
Write-Output "Current user: $($currentUser.DisplayName)"
```### Criação de Tarefa Agendada
```powershell
# Check Azucar installation
Get-Module Azucar -ListAvailable

# Update Azucar
Update-Module Azucar -Force

# Reinstall if necessary
Uninstall-Module Azucar
Install-Module Azucar -Force

# Check dependencies
Get-Module Az -ListAvailable
Get-Module AzureAD -ListAvailable
```### Monitoramento Contínuo
```powershell
# Check required permissions
$requiredPermissions = @(
    "Directory.Read.All",
    "User.Read.All",
    "Application.Read.All",
    "Policy.Read.All"
)

foreach ($permission in $requiredPermissions) \\\\{
    try \\\\{
        # Test permission by attempting to read data
        Write-Output "Testing permission: $permission"
    \\\\}
    catch \\\\{
        Write-Warning "Missing permission: $permission"
    \\\\}
\\\\}
```## Solução de Problemas
```powershell
# Run audit with reduced scope
Invoke-Azucar -Services @("AzureAD") -Quick

# Use parallel processing
Invoke-Azucar -Parallel -MaxThreads 5

# Exclude large datasets
Invoke-Azucar -ExcludeServices @("Logs", "Metrics")
```### Problemas de Autenticação
```powershell
# Export findings to SIEM format
$findings = Invoke-Azucar -Format "JSON"
$siemEvents = $findings|ForEach-Object \\\\{
    @\\\\{
        timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ssZ"
        source = "Azucar"
        severity = $_.Severity
        finding = $_.Description
        resource = $_.ResourceId
    \\\\}
\\\\}

# Send to SIEM
$siemEvents|ConvertTo-Json|Out-File "siem_events.json"
```### Problemas de Módulo
```powershell
# Export data for PowerBI
$auditData = Invoke-Azucar -Format "CSV"

# Create PowerBI dataset
$powerBIData = @\\\\{
    findings = $auditData.Findings
    resources = $auditData.Resources
    compliance = $auditData.Compliance
\\\\}

$powerBIData|ConvertTo-Json|Out-File "powerbi_data.json"
```### Problemas de Permissão
```yaml
# Azure DevOps pipeline for security auditing
trigger:
  schedules:
  - cron: "0 6 * * 1"
    displayName: Weekly security audit
    branches:
      include:
      - main

pool:
  vmImage: 'windows-latest'

steps:
- task: AzurePowerShell@5
  inputs:
    azureSubscription: 'Azure-Subscription'
    ScriptType: 'InlineScript'
    Inline:|
      Install-Module -Name Azucar -Force
      Import-Module Azucar
      Invoke-Azucar -All -Format "HTML" -OutputPath "$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)"
    azurePowerShellVersion: 'LatestVersion'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
  inputs:
    PathtoPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
    ArtifactName: 'AzureSecurityAudit'
```### Problemas de Desempenho
https://github.com/nccgroup/azucar*Este guia rápido fornece uma referência abrangente para o uso do Azucar. Sempre garanta que você tenha autorização adequada antes de realizar avaliações de segurança do Azure.*
https://www.nccgroup.com/us/research-and-innovation/research-blog/[Não foi fornecido texto para tradução]
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security/[Não foi fornecido texto para tradução]
https://www.cisecurity.org/benchmark/azure[Não foi fornecido texto para tradução]
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security-center/[Não foi fornecido texto para tradução]

Note: Only the first text was provided with content to translate. The other numbered entries were empty, so I left them as placeholders.