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Elastic SIEM 치트시트

Elastic SIEM (보안 정보 및 이벤트 관리)은 Elastic Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana, 및 Beats)을 기반으로 한 포괄적인 보안 분석 솔루션입니다. 이는 현대 보안 운영 센터를 위한 실시간 위협 탐지, 조사 기능 및 대응 오케스트레이션을 제공합니다. Elastic SIEM은 머신 러닝, 행동 분석 및 위협 인텔리전스를 활용하여 하이브리드 클라우드 환경에서 고급 지속 위협, 내부자 위협 및 정교한 공격 캠페인을 탐지합니다.

플랫폼 개요

Elastic Stack 아키텍처

Elastic SIEM은 대규모로 보안 데이터를 수집, 저장, 검색 및 시각화할 수 있는 분산형, 확장 가능한 플랫폼을 제공하는 Elastic Stack의 기반 위에 구축되었습니다. 이 아키텍처는 포괄적인 보안 모니터링 및 분석 기능을 제공하기 위해 함께 작동하는 여러 핵심 구성 요소로 구성됩니다.

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Core SIEM Capabilities

  • Real-time threat detection and alerting
  • Advanced behavioral analytics and machine learning
  • Threat hunting and investigation workflows
  • Case management and incident response
  • Timeline analysis and event correlation
  • Threat intelligence integration
  • Custom detection rule creation
  • Executive dashboards and reporting

## Installation and Setup

### Elasticsearch Installation

```bash
# Download and install Elasticsearch
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xzf elasticsearch-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
cd elasticsearch-8.11.0

# Configure Elasticsearch for SIEM
cat > config/elasticsearch.yml ``<< EOF
cluster.name: elastic-siem
node.name: siem-node-1
path.data: /var/lib/elasticsearch
path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.port: 9200
discovery.type: single-node

# Security settings
xpack.security.enabled: true
xpack.security.enrollment.enabled: true
xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled: true
xpack.security.http.ssl.keystore.path: certs/http.p12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.verification_mode: certificate
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.path: certs/transport.p12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.path: certs/transport.p12
EOF

# Start Elasticsearch
./bin/elasticsearch

# Set up passwords for built-in users
./bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords auto

# Create SIEM-specific index templates
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_index_template/siem-logs" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\{
    "index_patterns": ["siem-*"],
    "template": \\\{
      "settings": \\\{
        "number_of_shards": 3,
        "number_of_replicas": 1,
        "index.lifecycle.name": "siem-policy",
        "index.lifecycle.rollover_alias": "siem-logs"
      \\\},
      "mappings": \\\{
        "properties": \\\{
          "@timestamp": \\\{"type": "date"\\\},
          "event.category": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\},
          "event.action": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\},
          "source.ip": \\\{"type": "ip"\\\},
          "destination.ip": \\\{"type": "ip"\\\},
          "user.name": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\},
          "host.name": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\},
          "process.name": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\},
          "file.hash.sha256": \\\{"type": "keyword"\\\}
        \\\}
      \\\}
    \\\}
  \\\}'

Kibana Installation and Configuration

# Download and install Kibana
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xzf kibana-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
cd kibana-8.11.0

# Configure Kibana for SIEM
cat >`` config/kibana.yml << EOF
server.port: 5601
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
server.name: "elastic-siem-kibana"
elasticsearch.hosts: ["https://localhost:9200"]
elasticsearch.username: "kibana_system"
elasticsearch.password: "kibana_password"
elasticsearch.ssl.certificateAuthorities: ["/path/to/elasticsearch/config/certs/http_ca.crt"]

# SIEM-specific settings
xpack.security.enabled: true
xpack.encryptedSavedObjects.encryptionKey: "a7a6311933d3503b89bc2dbc36572c33a6c10925682e591bffcab6911c06786d"
xpack.reporting.encryptionKey: "a7a6311933d3503b89bc2dbc36572c33a6c10925682e591bffcab6911c06786d"
xpack.security.encryptionKey: "a7a6311933d3503b89bc2dbc36572c33a6c10925682e591bffcab6911c06786d"

# Enable SIEM app
xpack.siem.enabled: true
xpack.securitySolution.enabled: true
EOF

# Start Kibana
./bin/kibana

# Access Kibana SIEM interface
# Navigate to http://localhost:5601/app/security

Logstash Configuration for SIEM

# Install Logstash
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/logstash/logstash-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xzf logstash-8.11.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
cd logstash-8.11.0

# Create SIEM pipeline configuration
cat > config/siem-pipeline.conf << 'EOF'
input \\\\{
  # Windows Event Logs via Winlogbeat
  beats \\\\{
    port => 5044
    type => "winlogbeat"
  \\\\}

  # Syslog from network devices
  syslog \\\\{
    port => 514
    type => "syslog"
  \\\\}

  # CEF logs from security tools
  tcp \\\\{
    port => 5140
    codec => cef
    type => "cef"
  \\\\}

  # File input for custom logs
  file \\\\{
    path => "/var/log/security/*.log"
    start_position => "beginning"
    type => "security_logs"
  \\\\}
\\\\}

filter \\\\{
  # Parse Windows Security Events
  if [type] == "winlogbeat" \\\\{
    if [winlog][event_id] == 4624 \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "authentication" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "logon" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.outcome" => "success" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}

    if [winlog][event_id] == 4625 \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "authentication" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "logon" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.outcome" => "failure" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}

    if [winlog][event_id] == 4688 \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "process" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "start" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  # Parse syslog messages
  if [type] == "syslog" \\\\{
    grok \\\\{
      match => \\\\{ "message" => "%\\\\{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp\\\\} %\\\\{IPORHOST:host\\\\} %\\\\{WORD:program\\\\}(?:\[%\\\\{POSINT:pid\\\\}\])?: %\\\\{GREEDYDATA:message\\\\}" \\\\}
    \\\\}

    date \\\\{
      match => [ "timestamp", "MMM  d HH:mm:ss", "MMM dd HH:mm:ss" ]
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  # Enrich with GeoIP data
  if [source][ip] \\\\{
    geoip \\\\{
      source => "[source][ip]"
      target => "[source][geo]"
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  if [destination][ip] \\\\{
    geoip \\\\{
      source => "[destination][ip]"
      target => "[destination][geo]"
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  # Add threat intelligence
  translate \\\\{
    field => "[source][ip]"
    destination => "[threat][indicator][type]"
    dictionary_path => "/etc/logstash/threat_intel.yml"
    fallback => "unknown"
  \\\\}

  # Normalize timestamps
  date \\\\{
    match => [ "@timestamp", "ISO8601" ]
  \\\\}
\\\\}

output \\\\{
  # Send to Elasticsearch
  elasticsearch \\\\{
    hosts => ["https://localhost:9200"]
    user => "logstash_writer"
    password => "logstash_password"
    ssl => true
    ssl_certificate_verification => false
    index => "siem-logs-%\\\\{+YYYY.MM.dd\\\\}"
    template_name => "siem-logs"
  \\\\}

  # Debug output
  stdout \\\\{
    codec => rubydebug
  \\\\}
\\\\}
EOF

# Start Logstash with SIEM pipeline
./bin/logstash -f config/siem-pipeline.conf

Data Collection and Ingestion

Beats Configuration for Security Data

# Winlogbeat for Windows Event Logs
cat > winlogbeat.yml << 'EOF'
winlogbeat.event_logs:
  - name: Security
    event_id: 4624, 4625, 4648, 4672, 4688, 4689, 4697, 4698, 4699, 4700, 4701, 4702
  - name: System
    event_id: 7034, 7035, 7036, 7040
  - name: Application
    event_id: 1000, 1001, 1002

output.elasticsearch:
  hosts: ["https://localhost:9200"]
  username: "winlogbeat_writer"
  password: "winlogbeat_password"
  ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/path/to/ca.crt"]
  index: "winlogbeat-%\\\\{+yyyy.MM.dd\\\\}"

processors:
  - add_host_metadata:
      when.not.contains.tags: forwarded
  - add_docker_metadata: ~
  - add_kubernetes_metadata: ~

logging.level: info
logging.to_files: true
logging.files:
  path: /var/log/winlogbeat
  name: winlogbeat
  keepfiles: 7
  permissions: 0644
EOF

# Auditbeat for system audit data
cat > auditbeat.yml << 'EOF'
auditbeat.modules:
- module: auditd
  audit_rule_files: [ '$\\\\{path.config\\\\}/audit.rules.d/*.conf' ]
  audit_rules:|
    # Monitor file access
    -w /etc/passwd -p wa -k identity
    -w /etc/group -p wa -k identity
    -w /etc/shadow -p wa -k identity

    # Monitor privilege escalation
    -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -F euid=0 -F auid>=1000 -F auid!=4294967295 -k privilege_escalation

    # Monitor network connections
    -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S socket -F a0=2 -k network_connect

    # Monitor file modifications
    -w /bin/ -p wa -k binaries
    -w /sbin/ -p wa -k binaries
    -w /usr/bin/ -p wa -k binaries
    -w /usr/sbin/ -p wa -k binaries

- module: file_integrity
  paths:
  - /bin
  - /usr/bin
  - /sbin
  - /usr/sbin
  - /etc

- module: system
  datasets:
    - host
    - login
    - package
    - process
    - socket
    - user
  period: 10s

output.elasticsearch:
  hosts: ["https://localhost:9200"]
  username: "auditbeat_writer"
  password: "auditbeat_password"
  ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/path/to/ca.crt"]
  index: "auditbeat-%\\\\{+yyyy.MM.dd\\\\}"
EOF

# Packetbeat for network traffic analysis
cat > packetbeat.yml << 'EOF'
packetbeat.interfaces.device: any

packetbeat.flows:
  timeout: 30s
  period: 10s

packetbeat.protocols:
  dns:
    ports: [53]
    include_authorities: true
    include_additionals: true

  http:
    ports: [80, 8080, 8000, 5000, 8002]

  tls:
    ports: [443, 993, 995, 5223, 8443, 8883, 9243]

  ssh:
    ports: [22]

output.elasticsearch:
  hosts: ["https://localhost:9200"]
  username: "packetbeat_writer"
  password: "packetbeat_password"
  ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/path/to/ca.crt"]
  index: "packetbeat-%\\\\{+yyyy.MM.dd\\\\}"

processors:
  - add_host_metadata: ~
  - add_docker_metadata: ~
  - add_kubernetes_metadata: ~
EOF

Custom Log Parsing

# Create custom parsing rules for security tools
cat > /etc/logstash/conf.d/security-tools.conf << 'EOF'
filter \\\\{
  # Parse Suricata IDS logs
  if [type] == "suricata" \\\\{
    json \\\\{
      source => "message"
    \\\\}

    if [event_type] == "alert" \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "intrusion_detection" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "alert" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "rule.name" => "%\\\\{[alert][signature]\\\\}" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "rule.id" => "%\\\\{[alert][signature_id]\\\\}" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  # Parse Zeek/Bro logs
  if [type] == "zeek" \\\\{
    if [log_type] == "conn" \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "network" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "connection" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}

    if [log_type] == "dns" \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "network" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "dns_query" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}

    if [log_type] == "http" \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "network" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "http_request" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}

  # Parse OSSEC/Wazuh logs
  if [type] == "ossec" \\\\{
    grok \\\\{
      match => \\\\{ "message" => "%\\\\{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp\\\\} %\\\\{WORD:hostname\\\\} %\\\\{WORD:component\\\\}: %\\\\{GREEDYDATA:alert_message\\\\}" \\\\}
    \\\\}

    if [rule_id] \\\\{
      mutate \\\\{
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.category" => "host" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "event.action" => "alert" \\\\}
        add_field => \\\\{ "rule.id" => "%\\\\{rule_id\\\\}" \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}
EOF

Detection Rules and Analytics

Pre-built Detection Rules

// Suspicious PowerShell Activity
\\\\{
  "rule": \\\\{
    "name": "Suspicious PowerShell Execution",
    "description": "Detects potentially malicious PowerShell commands",
    "severity": "high",
    "risk_score": 75,
    "query": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.category": "process"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "process.name": "powershell.exe"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "bool": \\\\{
              "should": [
                \\\\{
                  "wildcard": \\\\{
                    "process.command_line": "*Invoke-Expression*"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\},
                \\\\{
                  "wildcard": \\\\{
                    "process.command_line": "*DownloadString*"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\},
                \\\\{
                  "wildcard": \\\\{
                    "process.command_line": "*EncodedCommand*"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\},
                \\\\{
                  "wildcard": \\\\{
                    "process.command_line": "*-nop*"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\},
                \\\\{
                  "wildcard": \\\\{
                    "process.command_line": "*-w hidden*"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\}
              ]
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "filters": [],
    "timeline_id": "timeline_powershell",
    "timeline_title": "PowerShell Investigation Timeline"
  \\\\}
\\\\}

// Brute Force Login Attempts
\\\\{
  "rule": \\\\{
    "name": "Brute Force Login Attempts",
    "description": "Detects multiple failed login attempts from the same source",
    "severity": "medium",
    "risk_score": 50,
    "query": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.category": "authentication"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.outcome": "failure"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "threshold": \\\\{
      "field": "source.ip",
      "value": 10,
      "cardinality": [
        \\\\{
          "field": "user.name",
          "value": 5
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\},
    "timeline_id": "timeline_brute_force",
    "timeline_title": "Brute Force Investigation Timeline"
  \\\\}
\\\\}

// Lateral Movement Detection
\\\\{
  "rule": \\\\{
    "name": "Lateral Movement via Remote Services",
    "description": "Detects potential lateral movement using remote services",
    "severity": "high",
    "risk_score": 80,
    "query": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.category": "authentication"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.outcome": "success"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "terms": \\\\{
              "winlog.logon.type": ["3", "10"]
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "threshold": \\\\{
      "field": "user.name",
      "value": 1,
      "cardinality": [
        \\\\{
          "field": "host.name",
          "value": 5
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

Machine Learning Jobs

// Anomalous Network Traffic
\\\\{
  "job_id": "anomalous_network_traffic",
  "description": "Detects anomalous network traffic patterns",
  "analysis_config": \\\\{
    "bucket_span": "15m",
    "detectors": [
      \\\\{
        "function": "high_count",
        "field_name": "network.bytes",
        "by_field_name": "source.ip"
      \\\\},
      \\\\{
        "function": "rare",
        "field_name": "destination.port",
        "by_field_name": "source.ip"
      \\\\}
    ],
    "influencers": ["source.ip", "destination.ip", "destination.port"]
  \\\\},
  "data_description": \\\\{
    "time_field": "@timestamp",
    "time_format": "epoch_ms"
  \\\\},
  "datafeed_config": \\\\{
    "indices": ["packetbeat-*"],
    "query": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.category": "network"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

// Unusual Process Execution
\\\\{
  "job_id": "unusual_process_execution",
  "description": "Detects unusual process execution patterns",
  "analysis_config": \\\\{
    "bucket_span": "15m",
    "detectors": [
      \\\\{
        "function": "rare",
        "field_name": "process.name",
        "by_field_name": "host.name"
      \\\\},
      \\\\{
        "function": "freq_rare",
        "field_name": "process.command_line",
        "by_field_name": "user.name"
      \\\\}
    ],
    "influencers": ["host.name", "user.name", "process.name"]
  \\\\},
  "data_description": \\\\{
    "time_field": "@timestamp",
    "time_format": "epoch_ms"
  \\\\},
  "datafeed_config": \\\\{
    "indices": ["winlogbeat-*", "auditbeat-*"],
    "query": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.category": "process"
            \\\\}
          \\\\},
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "event.action": "start"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

Custom Detection Rules

# Create custom detection rule via API
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/detection_engine/rules" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "name": "Credential Dumping Activity",
    "description": "Detects potential credential dumping tools and techniques",
    "severity": "critical",
    "risk_score": 90,
    "rule_id": "credential-dumping-001",
    "type": "query",
    "query": "event.category:process AND (process.name:(mimikatz.exe OR procdump.exe OR pwdump.exe OR fgdump.exe) OR process.command_line:(*sekurlsa* OR *logonpasswords* OR *lsadump* OR *sam* OR *security*))",
    "language": "kuery",
    "filters": [],
    "from": "now-6m",
    "to": "now",
    "interval": "5m",
    "enabled": true,
    "tags": ["credential_access", "T1003"],
    "threat": [
      \\\\{
        "framework": "MITRE ATT&CK",
        "tactic": \\\\{
          "id": "TA0006",
          "name": "Credential Access",
          "reference": "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006/"
        \\\\},
        "technique": [
          \\\\{
            "id": "T1003",
            "name": "OS Credential Dumping",
            "reference": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003/"
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    ]
  \\\\}'

# Create threshold-based rule
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/detection_engine/rules" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "name": "Multiple Failed SSH Logins",
    "description": "Detects multiple failed SSH login attempts",
    "severity": "medium",
    "risk_score": 60,
    "rule_id": "ssh-brute-force-001",
    "type": "threshold",
    "query": "event.category:authentication AND event.outcome:failure AND service.name:ssh",
    "language": "kuery",
    "threshold": \\\\{
      "field": "source.ip",
      "value": 20,
      "cardinality": [
        \\\\{
          "field": "user.name",
          "value": 5
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\},
    "from": "now-5m",
    "to": "now",
    "interval": "5m",
    "enabled": true,
    "tags": ["initial_access", "T1078"]
  \\\\}'

Investigation and Threat Hunting

Timeline Analysis

# Create investigation timeline
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/timeline" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "timeline": \\\\{
      "title": "Incident Investigation Timeline",
      "description": "Timeline for investigating security incident",
      "timelineType": "default",
      "templateTimelineId": null,
      "templateTimelineVersion": null,
      "dataProviders": [
        \\\\{
          "id": "host-investigation",
          "name": "Host Investigation",
          "enabled": true,
          "excluded": false,
          "kqlQuery": "",
          "queryMatch": \\\\{
            "field": "host.name",
            "value": "suspicious-host",
            "operator": ":"
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      ],
      "kqlQuery": \\\\{
        "filterQuery": \\\\{
          "kuery": \\\\{
            "kind": "kuery",
            "expression": "host.name: suspicious-host"
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\},
      "dateRange": \\\\{
        "start": "2023-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
        "end": "2023-01-02T00:00:00.000Z"
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Query timeline events
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/timeline/_search" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "defaultIndex": ["winlogbeat-*", "auditbeat-*", "packetbeat-*"],
    "timerange": \\\\{
      "from": "2023-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
      "to": "2023-01-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "interval": "12h"
    \\\\},
    "filterQuery": \\\\{
      "bool": \\\\{
        "must": [
          \\\\{
            "term": \\\\{
              "host.name": "suspicious-host"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "pagination": \\\\{
      "activePage": 0,
      "querySize": 25
    \\\\},
    "sort": \\\\{
      "columnId": "@timestamp",
      "sortDirection": "desc"
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

Threat Hunting Queries

# Hunt for living off the land techniques
GET /winlogbeat-*/_search
\\\\{
  "query": \\\\{
    "bool": \\\\{
      "must": [
        \\\\{
          "term": \\\\{
            "event.category": "process"
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        \\\\{
          "terms": \\\\{
            "process.name": [
              "certutil.exe",
              "bitsadmin.exe",
              "regsvr32.exe",
              "rundll32.exe",
              "mshta.exe",
              "wmic.exe"
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        \\\\{
          "bool": \\\\{
            "should": [
              \\\\{
                "wildcard": \\\\{
                  "process.command_line": "*http*"
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "wildcard": \\\\{
                  "process.command_line": "*download*"
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "wildcard": \\\\{
                  "process.command_line": "*urlcache*"
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\}
  \\\\},
  "aggs": \\\\{
    "by_host": \\\\{
      "terms": \\\\{
        "field": "host.name",
        "size": 10
      \\\\},
      "aggs": \\\\{
        "by_process": \\\\{
          "terms": \\\\{
            "field": "process.name",
            "size": 10
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

# Hunt for persistence mechanisms
GET /winlogbeat-*/_search
\\\\{
  "query": \\\\{
    "bool": \\\\{
      "should": [
        \\\\{
          "bool": \\\\{
            "must": [
              \\\\{
                "term": \\\\{
                  "winlog.event_id": 4698
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "wildcard": \\\\{
                  "winlog.event_data.TaskName": "*Microsoft*"
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        \\\\{
          "bool": \\\\{
            "must": [
              \\\\{
                "term": \\\\{
                  "event.category": "registry"
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "terms": \\\\{
                  "registry.path": [
                    "*\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run*",
                    "*\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce*",
                    "*\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon*"
                  ]
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        \\\\{
          "bool": \\\\{
            "must": [
              \\\\{
                "term": \\\\{
                  "event.category": "file"
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "terms": \\\\{
                  "file.path": [
                    "*\\Startup\\*",
                    "*\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup\\*"
                  ]
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

# Hunt for data exfiltration
GET /packetbeat-*/_search
\\\\{
  "query": \\\\{
    "bool": \\\\{
      "must": [
        \\\\{
          "range": \\\\{
            "@timestamp": \\\\{
              "gte": "now-24h"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        \\\\{
          "term": \\\\{
            "network.direction": "outbound"
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      ]
    \\\\}
  \\\\},
  "aggs": \\\\{
    "large_transfers": \\\\{
      "filter": \\\\{
        "range": \\\\{
          "network.bytes": \\\\{
            "gte": 100000000
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\},
      "aggs": \\\\{
        "by_source": \\\\{
          "terms": \\\\{
            "field": "source.ip",
            "size": 10
          \\\\},
          "aggs": \\\\{
            "total_bytes": \\\\{
              "sum": \\\\{
                "field": "network.bytes"
              \\\\}
            \\\\},
            "destinations": \\\\{
              "terms": \\\\{
                "field": "destination.ip",
                "size": 5
              \\\\}
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}
\\\\}

Case Management

# Create security case
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/cases" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "title": "Suspicious PowerShell Activity Investigation",
    "description": "Investigation of suspicious PowerShell commands detected on multiple hosts",
    "tags": ["powershell", "malware", "investigation"],
    "severity": "high",
    "assignees": [
      \\\\{
        "uid": "analyst1"
      \\\\}
    ],
    "connector": \\\\{
      "id": "none",
      "name": "none",
      "type": ".none",
      "fields": null
    \\\\},
    "settings": \\\\{
      "syncAlerts": true
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Add comment to case
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/cases/\\\\{case_id\\\\}/comments" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "comment": "Initial analysis shows PowerShell commands attempting to download and execute malicious payloads. Affected hosts: HOST-001, HOST-002, HOST-003",
    "type": "user"
  \\\\}'

# Attach alert to case
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/cases/\\\\{case_id\\\\}/comments" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "alertId": "alert-id-123",
    "index": "winlogbeat-2023.01.01",
    "type": "alert"
  \\\\}'

Dashboards and Visualization

Security Overview Dashboard

\\\\{
  "dashboard": \\\\{
    "title": "Security Operations Center Overview",
    "description": "High-level security metrics and alerts",
    "panelsJSON": "[\\\\{\"version\":\"8.11.0\",\"gridData\":\\\\{\"x\":0,\"y\":0,\"w\":24,\"h\":15,\"i\":\"1\"\\\\},\"panelIndex\":\"1\",\"embeddableConfig\":\\\\{\\\\},\"panelRefName\":\"panel_1\"\\\\}]",
    "optionsJSON": "\\\\{\"useMargins\":true,\"syncColors\":false,\"hidePanelTitles\":false\\\\}",
    "version": 1,
    "timeRestore": true,
    "timeTo": "now",
    "timeFrom": "now-24h",
    "refreshInterval": \\\\{
      "pause": false,
      "value": 300000
    \\\\},
    "kibanaSavedObjectMeta": \\\\{
      "searchSourceJSON": "\\\\{\"query\":\\\\{\"query\":\"\",\"language\":\"kuery\"\\\\},\"filter\":[]\\\\}"
    \\\\}
  \\\\},
  "references": [
    \\\\{
      "name": "panel_1",
      "type": "visualization",
      "id": "security-alerts-timeline"
    \\\\}
  ]
\\\\}

Threat Hunting Dashboard

# Create threat hunting visualizations
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/saved_objects/visualization" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "attributes": \\\\{
      "title": "Process Execution Timeline",
      "visState": "\\\\{\"title\":\"Process Execution Timeline\",\"type\":\"histogram\",\"params\":\\\\{\"grid\":\\\\{\"categoryLines\":false,\"style\":\\\\{\"color\":\"#eee\"\\\\}\\\\},\"categoryAxes\":[\\\\{\"id\":\"CategoryAxis-1\",\"type\":\"category\",\"position\":\"bottom\",\"show\":true,\"style\":\\\\{\\\\},\"scale\":\\\\{\"type\":\"linear\"\\\\},\"labels\":\\\\{\"show\":true,\"truncate\":100\\\\},\"title\":\\\\{\\\\}\\\\}],\"valueAxes\":[\\\\{\"id\":\"ValueAxis-1\",\"name\":\"LeftAxis-1\",\"type\":\"value\",\"position\":\"left\",\"show\":true,\"style\":\\\\{\\\\},\"scale\":\\\\{\"type\":\"linear\",\"mode\":\"normal\"\\\\},\"labels\":\\\\{\"show\":true,\"rotate\":0,\"filter\":false,\"truncate\":100\\\\},\"title\":\\\\{\"text\":\"Count\"\\\\}\\\\}],\"seriesParams\":[\\\\{\"show\":true,\"type\":\"histogram\",\"mode\":\"stacked\",\"data\":\\\\{\"label\":\"Count\",\"id\":\"1\"\\\\},\"valueAxis\":\"ValueAxis-1\",\"drawLinesBetweenPoints\":true,\"showCircles\":true\\\\}],\"addTooltip\":true,\"addLegend\":true,\"legendPosition\":\"right\",\"times\":[],\"addTimeMarker\":false\\\\},\"aggs\":[\\\\{\"id\":\"1\",\"enabled\":true,\"type\":\"count\",\"schema\":\"metric\",\"params\":\\\\{\\\\}\\\\},\\\\{\"id\":\"2\",\"enabled\":true,\"type\":\"date_histogram\",\"schema\":\"segment\",\"params\":\\\\{\"field\":\"@timestamp\",\"interval\":\"auto\",\"customInterval\":\"2h\",\"min_doc_count\":1,\"extended_bounds\":\\\\{\\\\}\\\\}\\\\},\\\\{\"id\":\"3\",\"enabled\":true,\"type\":\"terms\",\"schema\":\"group\",\"params\":\\\\{\"field\":\"process.name\",\"size\":10,\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\"\\\\}\\\\}]\\\\}",
      "uiStateJSON": "\\\\{\\\\}",
      "description": "",
      "version": 1,
      "kibanaSavedObjectMeta": \\\\{
        "searchSourceJSON": "\\\\{\"index\":\"winlogbeat-*\",\"query\":\\\\{\"match\":\\\\{\"event.category\":\"process\"\\\\}\\\\},\"filter\":[]\\\\}"
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Network traffic analysis visualization
curl -X POST "localhost:5601/api/saved_objects/visualization" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "kbn-xsrf: true" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "attributes": \\\\{
      "title": "Network Traffic by Destination Port",
      "visState": "\\\\{\"title\":\"Network Traffic by Destination Port\",\"type\":\"pie\",\"params\":\\\\{\"addTooltip\":true,\"addLegend\":true,\"legendPosition\":\"right\",\"isDonut\":true\\\\},\"aggs\":[\\\\{\"id\":\"1\",\"enabled\":true,\"type\":\"sum\",\"schema\":\"metric\",\"params\":\\\\{\"field\":\"network.bytes\"\\\\}\\\\},\\\\{\"id\":\"2\",\"enabled\":true,\"type\":\"terms\",\"schema\":\"segment\",\"params\":\\\\{\"field\":\"destination.port\",\"size\":10,\"order\":\"desc\",\"orderBy\":\"1\"\\\\}\\\\}]\\\\}",
      "uiStateJSON": "\\\\{\\\\}",
      "description": "",
      "version": 1,
      "kibanaSavedObjectMeta": \\\\{
        "searchSourceJSON": "\\\\{\"index\":\"packetbeat-*\",\"query\":\\\\{\"match_all\":\\\\{\\\\}\\\\},\"filter\":[]\\\\}"
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

Performance Optimization

Index Management

# Create index lifecycle policy
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_ilm/policy/siem-policy" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "policy": \\\\{
      "phases": \\\\{
        "hot": \\\\{
          "actions": \\\\{
            "rollover": \\\\{
              "max_size": "10GB",
              "max_age": "1d"
            \\\\},
            "set_priority": \\\\{
              "priority": 100
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        "warm": \\\\{
          "min_age": "7d",
          "actions": \\\\{
            "set_priority": \\\\{
              "priority": 50
            \\\\},
            "allocate": \\\\{
              "number_of_replicas": 0
            \\\\},
            "forcemerge": \\\\{
              "max_num_segments": 1
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        "cold": \\\\{
          "min_age": "30d",
          "actions": \\\\{
            "set_priority": \\\\{
              "priority": 0
            \\\\},
            "allocate": \\\\{
              "number_of_replicas": 0
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        "delete": \\\\{
          "min_age": "90d",
          "actions": \\\\{
            "delete": \\\\{\\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Optimize search performance
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/siem-logs-*/_settings" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "index": \\\\{
      "refresh_interval": "30s",
      "number_of_replicas": 1,
      "codec": "best_compression"
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Create search templates for common queries
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_scripts/security-event-search" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "script": \\\\{
      "lang": "mustache",
      "source": \\\\{
        "query": \\\\{
          "bool": \\\\{
            "must": [
              \\\\{
                "range": \\\\{
                  "@timestamp": \\\\{
                    "gte": "\\\\{\\\\{from\\\\}\\\\}",
                    "lte": "\\\\{\\\\{to\\\\}\\\\}"
                  \\\\}
                \\\\}
              \\\\},
              \\\\{
                "term": \\\\{
                  "event.category": "\\\\{\\\\{category\\\\}\\\\}"
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
            ],
            "filter": [
              \\\\{\\\\{#host\\\\}\\\\}
              \\\\{
                "term": \\\\{
                  "host.name": "\\\\{\\\\{host\\\\}\\\\}"
                \\\\}
              \\\\}
              \\\\{\\\\{/host\\\\}\\\\}
            ]
          \\\\}
        \\\\},
        "sort": [
          \\\\{
            "@timestamp": \\\\{
              "order": "desc"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        ]
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

Monitoring and Alerting

# Monitor cluster health
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/health?pretty" -u elastic:password

# Monitor index statistics
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices/siem-*?v&s=store.size:desc" -u elastic:password

# Set up cluster monitoring
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_cluster/settings" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "persistent": \\\\{
      "cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.low": "85%",
      "cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.high": "90%",
      "cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.flood_stage": "95%"
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

# Create watcher for disk space monitoring
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_watcher/watch/disk_space_monitor" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -u elastic:password \
  -d '\\\\{
    "trigger": \\\\{
      "schedule": \\\\{
        "interval": "5m"
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "input": \\\\{
      "http": \\\\{
        "request": \\\\{
          "host": "localhost",
          "port": 9200,
          "path": "/_nodes/stats/fs",
          "auth": \\\\{
            "basic": \\\\{
              "username": "elastic",
              "password": "password"
            \\\\}
          \\\\}
        \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "condition": \\\\{
      "script": \\\\{
        "source": "ctx.payload.nodes.values().stream().anyMatch(node -> node.fs.total.available_in_bytes / node.fs.total.total_in_bytes < 0.1)"
      \\\\}
    \\\\},
    "actions": \\\\{
      "send_email": \\\\{
        "email": \\\\{
          "to": ["admin@company.com"],
          "subject": "Elasticsearch Disk Space Alert",
          "body": "Disk space is running low on Elasticsearch cluster"
        \\\\}
      \\\\}
    \\\\}
  \\\\}'

Resources