Mercurial
Commandes et workflows mercuriaux complets pour l'administration du système sur toutes les plateformes.
Commandes de base
Command | Description |
---|---|
mercurial --version |
Show mercurial version |
mercurial --help |
Display help information |
mercurial init |
Initialize mercurial in current directory |
mercurial status |
Check current status |
mercurial list |
List available options |
mercurial info |
Display system information |
mercurial config |
Show configuration settings |
mercurial update |
Update to latest version |
mercurial start |
Start mercurial service |
mercurial stop |
Stop mercurial service |
mercurial restart |
Restart mercurial service |
mercurial reload |
Reload configuration |
Installation
Linux/Ubuntu
# Package manager installation
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mercurial
# Alternative installation
wget https://github.com/example/mercurial/releases/latest/download/mercurial-linux
chmod +x mercurial-linux
sudo mv mercurial-linux /usr/local/bin/mercurial
# Build from source
git clone https://github.com/example/mercurial.git
cd mercurial
make && sudo make install
MACOS
# Homebrew installation
brew install mercurial
# MacPorts installation
sudo port install mercurial
# Manual installation
curl -L -o mercurial https://github.com/example/mercurial/releases/latest/download/mercurial-macos
chmod +x mercurial
sudo mv mercurial /usr/local/bin/
```_
### Fenêtres
```powershell
# Chocolatey installation
choco install mercurial
# Scoop installation
scoop install mercurial
# Winget installation
winget install mercurial
# Manual installation
# Download from https://github.com/example/mercurial/releases
# Extract and add to PATH
```_
## Configuration
|Command|Description|
|---------|-------------|
|`mercurial config show`|Display current configuration|
|`mercurial config list`|List all configuration options|
|`mercurial config set <key> <value>`|Set configuration value|
|`mercurial config get <key>`|Get configuration value|
|`mercurial config unset <key>`|Remove configuration value|
|`mercurial config reset`|Reset to default configuration|
|`mercurial config validate`|Validate configuration file|
|`mercurial config export`|Export configuration to file|
## Opérations avancées
### Opérations de fichiers
```bash
# Create new file/resource
mercurial create <name>
# Read file/resource
mercurial read <name>
# Update existing file/resource
mercurial update <name>
# Delete file/resource
mercurial delete <name>
# Copy file/resource
mercurial copy <source> <destination>
# Move file/resource
mercurial move <source> <destination>
# List all files/resources
mercurial list --all
# Search for files/resources
mercurial search <pattern>
Opérations réseau
# Connect to remote host
mercurial connect <host>:<port>
# Listen on specific port
mercurial listen --port <port>
# Send data to target
mercurial send --target <host> --data "<data>"
# Receive data from source
mercurial receive --source <host>
# Test connectivity
mercurial ping <host>
# Scan network range
mercurial scan <network>
# Monitor network traffic
mercurial monitor --interface <interface>
# Proxy connections
mercurial proxy --listen <port> --target <host>:<port>
Gestion des processus
# Start background process
mercurial start --daemon
# Stop running process
mercurial stop --force
# Restart with new configuration
mercurial restart --config <file>
# Check process status
mercurial status --verbose
# Monitor process performance
mercurial monitor --metrics
# Kill all processes
mercurial killall
# Show running processes
mercurial ps
# Manage process priority
mercurial priority --pid <pid> --level <level>
Caractéristiques de sécurité
Authentification
# Login with username/password
mercurial login --user <username>
# Login with API key
mercurial login --api-key <key>
# Login with certificate
mercurial login --cert <cert_file>
# Logout current session
mercurial logout
# Change password
mercurial passwd
# Generate new API key
mercurial generate-key --name <key_name>
# List active sessions
mercurial sessions
# Revoke session
mercurial revoke --session <session_id>
Chiffrement
# Encrypt file
mercurial encrypt --input <file> --output <encrypted_file>
# Decrypt file
mercurial decrypt --input <encrypted_file> --output <file>
# Generate encryption key
mercurial keygen --type <type> --size <size>
# Sign file
mercurial sign --input <file> --key <private_key>
# Verify signature
mercurial verify --input <file> --signature <sig_file>
# Hash file
mercurial hash --algorithm <algo> --input <file>
# Generate certificate
mercurial cert generate --name <name> --days <days>
# Verify certificate
mercurial cert verify --cert <cert_file>
Surveillance et exploitation forestière
Surveillance du système
# Monitor system resources
mercurial monitor --system
# Monitor specific process
mercurial monitor --pid <pid>
# Monitor network activity
mercurial monitor --network
# Monitor file changes
mercurial monitor --files <directory>
# Real-time monitoring
mercurial monitor --real-time --interval 1
# Generate monitoring report
mercurial report --type monitoring --output <file>
# Set monitoring alerts
mercurial alert --threshold <value> --action <action>
# View monitoring history
mercurial history --type monitoring
Exploitation forestière
# View logs
mercurial logs
# View logs with filter
mercurial logs --filter <pattern>
# Follow logs in real-time
mercurial logs --follow
# Set log level
mercurial logs --level <level>
# Rotate logs
mercurial logs --rotate
# Export logs
mercurial logs --export <file>
# Clear logs
mercurial logs --clear
# Archive logs
mercurial logs --archive <archive_file>
Dépannage
Questions communes
Numéro : Commande non trouvée
# Check if mercurial is installed
which mercurial
mercurial --version
# Check PATH variable
echo $PATH
# Reinstall if necessary
sudo apt reinstall mercurial
# or
brew reinstall mercurial
Émission : autorisation refusée
# Run with elevated privileges
sudo mercurial <command>
# Check file permissions
ls -la $(which mercurial)
# Fix permissions
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mercurial
# Check ownership
sudo chown $USER:$USER /usr/local/bin/mercurial
Question : Erreurs de configuration
# Validate configuration
mercurial config validate
# Reset to default configuration
mercurial config reset
# Check configuration file location
mercurial config show --file
# Backup current configuration
mercurial config export > backup.conf
# Restore from backup
mercurial config import backup.conf
*Numéro: Le service ne démarre pas *
# Check service status
mercurial status --detailed
# Check system logs
journalctl -u mercurial
# Start in debug mode
mercurial start --debug
# Check port availability
netstat -tulpn|grep <port>
# Kill conflicting processes
mercurial killall --force
Déboguer les commandes
Command | Description |
---|---|
mercurial --debug |
Enable debug output |
mercurial --verbose |
Enable verbose logging |
mercurial --trace |
Enable trace logging |
mercurial test |
Run built-in tests |
mercurial doctor |
Run system health check |
mercurial diagnose |
Generate diagnostic report |
mercurial benchmark |
Run performance benchmarks |
mercurial validate |
Validate installation and configuration |
Optimisation des performances
Gestion des ressources
# Set memory limit
mercurial --max-memory 1G <command>
# Set CPU limit
mercurial --max-cpu 2 <command>
# Enable caching
mercurial --cache-enabled <command>
# Set cache size
mercurial --cache-size 100M <command>
# Clear cache
mercurial cache clear
# Show cache statistics
mercurial cache stats
# Optimize performance
mercurial optimize --profile <profile>
# Show performance metrics
mercurial metrics
Traitement parallèle
# Enable parallel processing
mercurial --parallel <command>
# Set number of workers
mercurial --workers 4 <command>
# Process in batches
mercurial --batch-size 100 <command>
# Queue management
mercurial queue add <item>
mercurial queue process
mercurial queue status
mercurial queue clear
Intégration
Scénario
#!/bin/bash
# Example script using mercurial
set -euo pipefail
# Configuration
CONFIG_FILE="config.yaml"
LOG_FILE="mercurial.log"
# Check if mercurial is available
if ! command -v mercurial &> /dev/null; then
echo "Error: mercurial is not installed" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Function to log messages
log() \\\\{
echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1"|tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
\\\\}
# Main operation
main() \\\\{
log "Starting mercurial operation"
if mercurial --config "$CONFIG_FILE" run; then
log "Operation completed successfully"
exit 0
else
log "Operation failed with exit code $?"
exit 1
fi
\\\\}
# Cleanup function
cleanup() \\\\{
log "Cleaning up"
mercurial cleanup
\\\\}
# Set trap for cleanup
trap cleanup EXIT
# Run main function
main "$@"
Intégration de l'API
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Python wrapper for the tool
"""
import subprocess
import json
import logging
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Dict, List, Optional
class ToolWrapper:
def __init__(self, config_file: Optional[str] = None):
self.config_file = config_file
self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def run_command(self, args: List[str]) -> Dict:
"""Run command and return parsed output"""
cmd = ['tool_name']
if self.config_file:
cmd.extend(['--config', self.config_file])
cmd.extend(args)
try:
result = subprocess.run(
cmd,
capture_output=True,
text=True,
check=True
)
return \\\\{'stdout': result.stdout, 'stderr': result.stderr\\\\}
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
self.logger.error(f"Command failed: \\\\{e\\\\}")
raise
def status(self) -> Dict:
"""Get current status"""
return self.run_command(['status'])
def start(self) -> Dict:
"""Start service"""
return self.run_command(['start'])
def stop(self) -> Dict:
"""Stop service"""
return self.run_command(['stop'])
# Example usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
wrapper = ToolWrapper()
status = wrapper.status()
print(json.dumps(status, indent=2))
Variables d'environnement
Variable | Description | Default |
---|---|---|
MERCURIAL_CONFIG |
Configuration file path | ~/.mercurial/config.yaml |
MERCURIAL_HOME |
Home directory | ~/.mercurial |
MERCURIAL_LOG_LEVEL |
Logging level | INFO |
MERCURIAL_LOG_FILE |
Log file path | ~/.mercurial/logs/mercurial.log |
MERCURIAL_CACHE_DIR |
Cache directory | ~/.mercurial/cache |
MERCURIAL_DATA_DIR |
Data directory | ~/.mercurial/data |
MERCURIAL_TIMEOUT |
Default timeout | 30s |
MERCURIAL_MAX_WORKERS |
Maximum workers | 4 |
Fichier de configuration
# ~/.mercurial/config.yaml
version: "1.0"
# General settings
settings:
debug: false
verbose: false
log_level: "INFO"
log_file: "~/.mercurial/logs/mercurial.log"
timeout: 30
max_workers: 4
# Network configuration
network:
host: "localhost"
port: 8080
ssl: true
timeout: 30
retries: 3
# Security settings
security:
auth_required: true
api_key: ""
encryption: "AES256"
verify_ssl: true
# Performance settings
performance:
cache_enabled: true
cache_size: "100M"
cache_dir: "~/.mercurial/cache"
max_memory: "1G"
# Monitoring settings
monitoring:
enabled: true
interval: 60
metrics_enabled: true
alerts_enabled: true
Exemples
Flux de travail de base
# 1. Initialize mercurial
mercurial init
# 2. Configure basic settings
mercurial config set host example.com
mercurial config set port 8080
# 3. Start service
mercurial start
# 4. Check status
mercurial status
# 5. Perform operations
mercurial run --target example.com
# 6. View results
mercurial results
# 7. Stop service
mercurial stop
Flux de travail avancé
# Comprehensive operation with monitoring
mercurial run \
--config production.yaml \
--parallel \
--workers 8 \
--verbose \
--timeout 300 \
--output json \
--log-file operation.log
# Monitor in real-time
mercurial monitor --real-time --interval 5
# Generate report
mercurial report --type comprehensive --output report.html
Exemple d'automatisation
#!/bin/bash
# Automated mercurial workflow
# Configuration
TARGETS_FILE="targets.txt"
RESULTS_DIR="results/$(date +%Y-%m-%d)"
CONFIG_FILE="automation.yaml"
# Create results directory
mkdir -p "$RESULTS_DIR"
# Process each target
while IFS= read -r target; do
echo "Processing $target..."
mercurial \
--config "$CONFIG_FILE" \
--output json \
--output-file "$RESULTS_DIR/$\\\\{target\\\\}.json" \
run "$target"
done < "$TARGETS_FILE"
# Generate summary report
mercurial report summary \
--input "$RESULTS_DIR/*.json" \
--output "$RESULTS_DIR/summary.html"
Meilleures pratiques
Sécurité
- Vérifiez toujours les comptes de chèques lors du téléchargement des binaires
- Utiliser des méthodes d'authentification fortes (clés API, certificats)
- Mise à jour régulière de la dernière version
- Suivre le principe du moindre privilège
- Activer l'enregistrement des audits pour assurer la conformité
- Utiliser des connexions chiffrées lorsque c'est possible
- Valider toutes les entrées et configurations
- Mettre en place des contrôles d'accès appropriés
Rendement
- Utiliser des limites de ressources appropriées pour votre environnement
- Surveiller régulièrement les performances du système
- Optimisez la configuration pour votre cas d'utilisation
- Utiliser le traitement parallèle lorsque bénéfique
- Mettre en œuvre des stratégies de mise en cache appropriées
- Entretien et nettoyage réguliers
- Goulets d'étranglement de performance du profil
- Utiliser des algorithmes et des structures de données efficaces
Opérations
- Tenir une documentation complète
- Mettre en œuvre des stratégies de sauvegarde appropriées
- Utiliser le contrôle de version pour les configurations
- Surveiller et alerter les mesures critiques
- Mettre en œuvre un traitement approprié des erreurs
- Utiliser l'automatisation pour les tâches répétitives
- Vérifications et mises à jour régulières de la sécurité
- Plan de reprise après sinistre
Développement
- Suivre les normes et conventions de codage
- Écrire des tests complets
- Utiliser l'intégration/déploiement continu
- Mettre en œuvre une exploitation et un suivi appropriés
- Documenter les API et les interfaces
- Utiliser efficacement le contrôle de version
- Révision régulière du code
- Maintenir la compatibilité arrière
Ressources
Documentation officielle
- [Site Web officiel] (LINK_18)
- [Documentation] (LINK_18)
- [Référence API] (LINK_18)
- [Guide d'installation] (LINK_18)
- [Référence de configuration] (LINK_18)
Ressources communautaires
- [Répertoire GitHub] (LINK_18)
- [Suivi d'émission] (LINK_18)
- [Forum communautaire] (LINK_18)
- [Serveur de discorde] (LINK_18)
- [Communauté Reddit] (LINK_18)
- [Débordement de la pile] (LINK_18)
Ressources pédagogiques
- [Guide de démarrage] (LINK_18)
- [Série turque] (LINK_18)
- [Guide des meilleures pratiques] (LINK_18)
- [Tutoriels vidéo] (LINK_18)
- [Cours de formation] (LINK_18)
- [Programme de certification] (LINK_18)
Outils connexes
- Git - Fonctionnalité complémentaire
- [Docker] (LINK_18) - Solution alternative
- Kubernetes - Partenaire d'intégration
*Dernière mise à jour : 2025-07-06.