Aide-mémoire Envoy Proxy
Aide-mémoire Envoy Proxy
Installation
| Plateforme | Commande |
|---|---|
| Ubuntu/Debian | `curl -sL ‘https://deb.dl.getenvoy.io/public/gpg.8115BA8E629CC074.key’ \ |
| macOS | brew install envoy |
| Docker | docker pull envoyproxy/envoy:v1.28-latest |
| Binary (Linux) | curl -L https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/releases/download/v1.28.0/envoy-1.28.0-linux-x86_64 -o envoy && chmod +x envoy && sudo mv envoy /usr/local/bin/ |
| RHEL/CentOS | `curl -sL ‘https://rpm.dl.getenvoy.io/public/gpg.CF716AF503183491.key’ \ |
| Kubernetes (Helm) | helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami && helm install my-envoy bitnami/envoy |
| Verify Installation | envoy --version |
Commandes de base
| Commande | Description |
|---|---|
envoy -c envoy.yaml | Démarrer Envoy avec un fichier de configuration spécifié |
envoy --version | Afficher les informations de version d’Envoy |
envoy --help | Afficher toutes les options de ligne de commande disponibles |
envoy --mode validate -c envoy.yaml | Valider le fichier de configuration sans démarrer |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --log-level info | Commencez avec un niveau de log spécifique (trace, debug, info, warn, error, critical) |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --component-log-level upstream:debug | Définir le niveau de log pour un composant spécifique |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --service-cluster my-cluster | Commencez par l’identificateur de cluster de service |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --service-node node-1 | Commencez par l’identificateur de nœud de service |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --base-id 0 | Définir l’ID de base pour la fonctionnalité de redémarrage à chaud |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --restart-epoch 1 | Effectuer un redémarrage à chaud avec le numéro d’époque |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --drain-time-s 60 | Définir le temps de vidange pour l’arrêt gracieux (secondes) |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --parent-shutdown-time-s 90 | Définir le temps d’arrêt parent pendant le redémarrage à chaud |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --concurrency 4 | Définir le nombre de threads de travail |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --disable-hot-restart | Désactiver la fonctionnalité de redémarrage à chaud |
envoy --help-hidden | Afficher les options de ligne de commande masquées/avancées |
Commandes de l’interface d’administration
| Commande | Description |
|---|---|
curl http://localhost:9901/server_info | Obtenir les informations du serveur et son état actuel |
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | Récupérer toutes les statistiques au format texte brut |
curl http://localhost:9901/stats/prometheus | Exporter les statistiques au format Prometheus |
curl http://localhost:9901/stats?format=json | Obtenir des statistiques au format JSON |
curl http://localhost:9901/stats?filter=cluster.outbound | Filtrer les statistiques par préfixe |
curl http://localhost:9901/stats?usedonly | Afficher uniquement les statistiques avec des valeurs non nulles |
curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump | Vidage de la configuration actuelle complète |
curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump?resource=bootstrap | Déposer uniquement la configuration bootstrap |
curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump?resource=dynamic_listeners | Configuration de l’écouteur dynamique |
curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump?resource=dynamic_clusters | Dump configuration dynamique du cluster |
curl http://localhost:9901/clusters | Obtenez des informations détaillées sur le cluster et son état de santé |
curl http://localhost:9901/listeners | Obtenir des informations détaillées sur l’auditeur |
curl http://localhost:9901/ready | Vérifier si Envoy est prêt à servir le trafic |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/healthcheck/fail | Marquer le serveur comme en échec pour les vérifications de santé |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/healthcheck/ok | Marquer le serveur comme sain pour les vérifications de santé |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/reset_counters | Réinitialiser tous les compteurs de statistiques à zéro |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/drain_listeners | Écouter les drains pour un arrêt gracieux |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/logging?level=debug | Modifier le niveau de log global à l’exécution |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/logging?upstream=debug | Modifier le niveau de log spécifique au composant |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/runtime_modify?key=value | Modifier les valeurs de configuration d’exécution |
Utilisation avancée
| Commande | Description |
|---|---|
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep circuit_breakers` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep outlier_detection` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep ratelimit` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep upstream_rq_retry` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep ssl` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats \ | grep http.ingress.downstream_rq` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/clusters \ | grep health_flags` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump \ | jq ‘.configs[].bootstrap.tracing’` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/config_dump \ | jq ‘.configs[].dynamic_active_clusters’` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats?format=json \ | jq ‘.stats[] \ |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/listeners \ | grep -A 5 “address”` |
| `curl http://localhost:9901/stats/prometheus \ | grep envoy_cluster_upstream_rq_total` |
docker run -d -v $(pwd)/envoy.yaml:/etc/envoy/envoy.yaml -p 9901:9901 -p 10000:10000 envoyproxy/envoy:v1.28-latest | Exécuter Envoy dans Docker avec configuration montée |
kubectl create configmap envoy-config --from-file=envoy.yaml | Créer un ConfigMap Kubernetes pour la configuration Envoy |
kubectl logs -f deployment/envoy | Suivre les logs d’Envoy dans Kubernetes |
envoy -c envoy.yaml --log-format '[%Y-%m-%d %T.%e][%t][%l] %v' | Commencer avec un format de log personnalisé |
curl http://localhost:9901/certs | Afficher les informations des certificats TLS chargés |
curl http://localhost:9901/memory | Afficher les statistiques d’allocation de mémoire |
curl http://localhost:9901/contention | Afficher les statistiques de contention de mutex (si activé) |
curl -X POST http://localhost:9901/cpuprofiler?enable=y | Activer le profilage CPU (si compilé avec profilage) |
Configuration
Structure de configuration de base
# envoy.yaml - Minimal configuration
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: listener_0
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 10000
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_http
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: service_backend
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
clusters:
- name: service_backend
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
load_assignment:
cluster_name: service_backend
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend-service
port_value: 8080
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
Configuration dynamique (xDS)
# envoy-dynamic.yaml - Control plane configuration
node:
cluster: my-cluster
id: node-1
dynamic_resources:
lds_config:
resource_api_version: V3
api_config_source:
api_type: GRPC
transport_api_version: V3
grpc_services:
- envoy_grpc:
cluster_name: xds_cluster
cds_config:
resource_api_version: V3
api_config_source:
api_type: GRPC
transport_api_version: V3
grpc_services:
- envoy_grpc:
cluster_name: xds_cluster
static_resources:
clusters:
- name: xds_cluster
connect_timeout: 1s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
http2_protocol_options: {}
load_assignment:
cluster_name: xds_cluster
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: control-plane
port_value: 18000
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
Configuration des fonctionnalités avancées
# Circuit breaker and outlier detection
clusters:
- name: backend_service
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
circuit_breakers:
thresholds:
- priority: DEFAULT
max_connections: 1024
max_pending_requests: 1024
max_requests: 1024
max_retries: 3
outlier_detection:
consecutive_5xx: 5
interval: 30s
base_ejection_time: 30s
max_ejection_percent: 50
enforcing_consecutive_5xx: 100
load_assignment:
cluster_name: backend_service
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend
port_value: 8080
health_check_config:
port_value: 8081
Configuration TLS
# TLS termination
listeners:
- name: https_listener
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 443
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_https
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: backend_service
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
transport_socket:
name: envoy.transport_sockets.tls
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.DownstreamTlsContext
common_tls_context:
tls_certificates:
- certificate_chain:
filename: /etc/ssl/certs/server.crt
private_key:
filename: /etc/ssl/private/server.key
Cas d’utilisation courants
Cas d’utilisation : Proxy HTTP de base
Configurer Envoy comme un proxy HTTP simple transférant le trafic vers des services backend.
# Create configuration file
cat > envoy.yaml << EOF
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: listener_0
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 8080
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_http
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: backend_cluster
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
clusters:
- name: backend_cluster
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
load_assignment:
cluster_name: backend_cluster
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: localhost
port_value: 3000
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
EOF
# Start Envoy
envoy -c envoy.yaml
# Test the proxy
curl http://localhost:8080
# Monitor statistics
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | grep http
Cas d’utilisation : Équilibrage de charge de plusieurs backends
Configurer Envoy pour répartir la charge entre plusieurs instances backend avec vérification de santé.
# Create load balancing configuration
cat > envoy-lb.yaml << EOF
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: listener_0
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 8080
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_http
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: backend_cluster
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
clusters:
- name: backend_cluster
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
health_checks:
- timeout: 1s
interval: 10s
unhealthy_threshold: 2
healthy_threshold: 2
http_health_check:
path: /health
load_assignment:
cluster_name: backend_cluster
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend1.example.com
port_value: 8080
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend2.example.com
port_value: 8080
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend3.example.com
port_value: 8080
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
EOF
# Start Envoy with load balancing
envoy -c envoy-lb.yaml
# Check cluster health status
curl http://localhost:9901/clusters
# Monitor load distribution
watch -n 1 'curl -s http://localhost:9901/stats | grep backend_cluster.upstream_rq_total'
Cas d’utilisation : Résiliation et re-chiffrement TLS
Configurer Envoy pour résilier le TLS des clients et re-chiffrer vers les backends.
# Generate self-signed certificates for testing
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout server.key -out server.crt -days 365 -nodes -subj "/CN=localhost"
# Create TLS configuration
cat > envoy-tls.yaml << EOF
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: https_listener
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 443
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_https
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: secure_backend
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
transport_socket:
name: envoy.transport_sockets.tls
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.DownstreamTlsContext
common_tls_context:
tls_certificates:
- certificate_chain:
filename: server.crt
private_key:
filename: server.key
clusters:
- name: secure_backend
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
transport_socket:
name: envoy.transport_sockets.tls
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.UpstreamTlsContext
load_assignment:
cluster_name: secure_backend
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend.example.com
port_value: 443
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
EOF
# Start Envoy with TLS
envoy -c envoy-tls.yaml
# Test TLS connection
curl -k https://localhost
# Check TLS statistics
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | grep ssl
Cas d’utilisation : Limitation de débit et disjoncteur
Implémenter la limitation de débit et le disjoncteur pour une communication de service résiliente.
# Create resilience configuration
cat > envoy-resilience.yaml << EOF
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: listener_0
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 8080
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix: ingress_http
route_config:
name: local_route
virtual_hosts:
- name: backend
domains: ["*"]
routes:
- match:
prefix: "/"
route:
cluster: protected_backend
retry_policy:
retry_on: "5xx"
num_retries: 3
per_try_timeout: 1s
http_filters:
- name: envoy.filters.http.router
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.http.router.v3.Router
clusters:
- name: protected_backend
connect_timeout: 0.25s
type: STRICT_DNS
lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
circuit_breakers:
thresholds:
- priority: DEFAULT
max_connections: 100
max_pending_requests: 100
max_requests: 100
max_retries: 3
outlier_detection:
consecutive_5xx: 5
interval: 10s
base_ejection_time: 30s
max_ejection_percent: 50
load_assignment:
cluster_name: protected_backend
endpoints:
- lb_endpoints:
- endpoint:
address:
socket_address:
address: backend.example.com
port_value: 8080
admin:
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 9901
EOF
# Start Envoy with resilience features
envoy -c envoy-resilience.yaml
# Monitor circuit breaker status
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | grep circuit_breakers
# Check outlier detection events
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | grep outlier_detection
# View retry statistics
curl http://localhost:9901/stats | grep retry
Cas d’utilisation : Observabilité avec traçage distribué
Configurer Envoy avec traçage distribué pour l’observabilité des microservices.
# Créer une configuration de traçage
cat > envoy-tracing.yaml << EOF
static_resources:
listeners:
- name: listener_0
address:
socket_address:
address: 0.0.0.0
port_value: 8080
filter_chains:
- filters:
- name: envoy.filters.network.http_connection_manager
typed_config:
"@type": type.googleapis.com/envoy.extensions.filters.network.http_connection_manager.v3.HttpConnectionManager
stat_prefix