Guide de Référence Rapide du Linter de Sécurité Bandit Python

Vue d’ensemble

Bandit est un linter de sécurité conçu pour identifier les problèmes de sécurité courants dans le code Python. Il analyse le code source Python et détecte les vulnérabilités de sécurité potentielles en recherchant des modèles et anti-modèles connus. Bandit est largement utilisé dans les pipelines DevSecOps pour détecter les problèmes de sécurité tôt dans le processus de développement, ce qui en fait un outil essentiel pour le développement Python sécurisé.

⚠️ Note: Bandit est conçu pour identifier les problèmes de sécurité potentiels et doit être utilisé dans le cadre d’une stratégie globale de test de sécurité. Il peut produire des faux positifs et doit être combiné avec d’autres méthodes de test de sécurité.

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Install Bandit

pip install bandit

Install with additional formatters

pip install bandit[toml]

Install development version

pip install git+https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit.git

Verify installation

bandit —version

### Using conda
```bash
# Install from conda-forge
conda install -c conda-forge bandit

# Create dedicated environment
conda create -n security-tools bandit
conda activate security-tools

Using package managers

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt update
sudo apt install bandit

# CentOS/RHEL/Fedora
sudo dnf install bandit
# or
sudo yum install bandit

# macOS with Homebrew
brew install bandit

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S bandit

Docker Installation

# Pull official Bandit image
docker pull securecodewarrior/bandit

# Run Bandit in container
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/code securecodewarrior/bandit bandit -r /code

# Build custom image
cat > Dockerfile ``<< 'EOF'
FROM python:3.9-slim
RUN pip install bandit
WORKDIR /app
ENTRYPOINT ["bandit"]
EOF

docker build -t custom-bandit .
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/app custom-bandit -r .

Basic Usage

Simple Scans

# Scan a single file
bandit example.py

# Scan a directory recursively
bandit -r /path/to/project

# Scan current directory
bandit -r .

# Scan with verbose output
bandit -v -r .

# Scan specific files
bandit file1.py file2.py file3.py

# Scan with specific confidence level
bandit -r . -i  # Show only high confidence issues
bandit -r . -ii # Show medium and high confidence issues
bandit -r . -iii # Show all confidence levels

Output Formats

# JSON output
bandit -r . -f json

# XML output
bandit -r . -f xml

# CSV output
bandit -r . -f csv

# HTML output
bandit -r . -f html

# YAML output
bandit -r . -f yaml

# Custom output
bandit -r . -f custom --msg-template "\\\{abspath\\\}:\\\{line\\\}: \\\{test_id\\\}[bandit]: \\\{severity\\\}: \\\{msg\\\}"

# Save output to file
bandit -r . -f json -o bandit-report.json
bandit -r . -f html -o bandit-report.html

Severity and Confidence Filtering

# Filter by severity (LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH)
bandit -r . -l  # Low severity and above
bandit -r . -ll # Medium severity and above
bandit -r . -lll # High severity only

# Filter by confidence (LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH)
bandit -r . -i  # High confidence only
bandit -r . -ii # Medium and high confidence
bandit -r . -iii # All confidence levels

# Combine severity and confidence
bandit -r . -ll -ii # Medium+ severity, Medium+ confidence

Configuration

Configuration File (.bandit)

# .bandit configuration file
tests: ['B201', 'B301']
skips: ['B101', 'B601']

exclude_dirs: ['*/tests/*', '*/venv/*', '*/env/*']

# Severity levels: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH
severity: MEDIUM

# Confidence levels: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH
confidence: MEDIUM

# Output format
format: json

# Include line numbers
include_line_numbers: true

# Aggregate results
aggregate: vuln

pyproject.toml Configuration

[tool.bandit]
exclude_dirs = ["tests", "venv", ".venv", "env", ".env"]
tests = ["B201", "B301"]
skips = ["B101", "B601"]

[tool.bandit.assert_used]
skips = ['*_test.py', '*test_*.py']

Command Line Configuration

# Exclude directories
bandit -r . --exclude /tests/,/venv/,/.venv/

# Skip specific tests
bandit -r . --skip B101,B601

# Run specific tests only
bandit -r . --tests B201,B301

# Exclude files by pattern
bandit -r . --exclude "*/migrations/*,*/settings/*"

# Include only specific file patterns
bandit -r . --include "*.py"

Advanced Usage

Custom Test Selection

# List all available tests
bandit -l

# Get detailed test information
bandit --help-tests

# Run specific vulnerability tests
bandit -r . --tests B101  # assert_used
bandit -r . --tests B102  # exec_used
bandit -r . --tests B103  # set_bad_file_permissions
bandit -r . --tests B104  # hardcoded_bind_all_interfaces
bandit -r . --tests B105  # hardcoded_password_string

# Skip specific tests
bandit -r . --skip B101,B102,B103

# Test categories
bandit -r . --tests B1*   # All B1xx tests
bandit -r . --tests B2*   # All B2xx tests
bandit -r . --tests B3*   # All B3xx tests

Baseline and Progressive Scanning

# Create baseline
bandit -r . -f json -o baseline.json

# Compare against baseline
bandit -r . -f json|bandit-baseline -b baseline.json

# Progressive scanning (only new issues)
bandit -r . --baseline baseline.json

# Update baseline
bandit -r . -f json -o new-baseline.json

Integration with Git

# Pre-commit hook script
#!/bin/bash
# .git/hooks/pre-commit
bandit -r . -ll -ii
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Bandit found security issues. Commit aborted."
    exit 1
fi

# Make executable
chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit

# Git hook with specific files
#!/bin/bash
# Check only modified Python files
git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=ACM|grep '\.py

## CI/CD Integration

### GitHub Actions
```yaml
# .github/workflows/security.yml
name: Security Scan

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  bandit:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3

    - name: Set up Python
      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
      with:
        python-version: '3.9'

    - name: Install Bandit
      run: pip install bandit[toml]

    - name: Run Bandit
      run: bandit -r . -f json -o bandit-report.json

    - name: Upload results
      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
      with:
        name: bandit-report
        path: bandit-report.json

    - name: Bandit Report
      uses: tj-actions/bandit@v5.1
      with:
        options: "-r . -f json"
        exit_zero: true

GitLab CI

# .gitlab-ci.yml
stages:
  - security

bandit:
  stage: security
  image: python:3.9
  before_script:
    - pip install bandit[toml]
  script:
    - bandit -r . -f json -o bandit-report.json
  artifacts:
    reports:
      sast: bandit-report.json
    paths:
      - bandit-report.json
    expire_in: 1 week
  allow_failure: true

Jenkins Pipeline

// Jenkinsfile
pipeline \\{
    agent any

    stages \\{
        stage('Security Scan') \\{
            steps \\{
                script \\{
                    sh 'pip install bandit[toml]'
                    sh 'bandit -r . -f json -o bandit-report.json'
                \\}
            \\}
            post \\{
                always \\{
                    archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'bandit-report.json', fingerprint: true
                    publishHTML([
                        allowMissing: false,
                        alwaysLinkToLastBuild: true,
                        keepAll: true,
                        reportDir: '.',
                        reportFiles: 'bandit-report.html',
                        reportName: 'Bandit Security Report'
                    ])
                \\}
            \\}
        \\}
    \\}
\\}

Azure DevOps

# azure-pipelines.yml
trigger:
- main

pool:
  vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:
- task: UsePythonVersion@0
  inputs:
    versionSpec: '3.9'

- script:|
    pip install bandit[toml]
    bandit -r . -f json -o $(Agent.TempDirectory)/bandit-report.json
  displayName: 'Run Bandit Security Scan'

- task: PublishTestResults@2
  inputs:
    testResultsFiles: '$(Agent.TempDirectory)/bandit-report.json'
    testRunTitle: 'Bandit Security Scan'

Common Vulnerability Patterns

Hardcoded Passwords (B105, B106, B107)

# BAD: Hardcoded password
password = "secret123"
api_key = "abc123def456"

# GOOD: Environment variables
import os
password = os.environ.get('PASSWORD')
api_key = os.environ.get('API_KEY')

# GOOD: Configuration file
import configparser
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('config.ini')
password = config.get('database', 'password')

SQL Injection (B608)

# BAD: String formatting
query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = %s" % user_id
query = f"SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = \\{user_id\\}"

# GOOD: Parameterized queries
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = %s", (user_id,))
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?", (user_id,))

Command Injection (B602, B605, B606, B607)

# MAUVAIS : Injection de shell
import os
os.system(f"ls \{user_input\}")
os.popen(f"grep \{pattern\} \{filename\}")

# BON : Subprocess avec liste
import subprocess
subprocess.run(['ls', user_input])
subprocess.run(['grep', pattern, filename])

Insecure Random (B311)

# MAUVAIS : Aléatoire prévisible
import random
token = random.randint(1000, 9999)

# BON : Cryptographiquement sécurisé
import secrets
token = secrets.randbelow(9999)
secure_token = secrets.token_hex(16)

Unsafe YAML Loading (B506)

# MAUVAIS : Chargement YAML non sécurisé
import yaml
data = yaml.load(user_input)

# BON : Chargement YAML sécurisé
data = yaml.safe_load(user_input)
data = yaml.load(user_input, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)

Custom Rules and Plugins

Creating Custom Tests

# custom_bandit_test.py
import bandit
from bandit.core import test_properties

@test_properties.test_id('B999')
@test_properties.checks('Call')
def custom_security_check(context):
    """Vérifier le modèle de sécurité personnalisé"""
    if context.call_function_name_qual == 'dangerous_function':
        return bandit.Issue(
            severity=bandit.HIGH,
            confidence=bandit.HIGH,
            text="Détection de l'utilisation de dangerous_function",
            lineno=context.node.lineno,

Plugin Development

# bandit_plugin.py
from bandit.core import extension_loader

def load_tests():
    """Charger des tests personnalisés"""
    return [custom_security_check]

# Enregistrer le plugin
extension_loader.MANAGER.register_plugin('custom_tests', load_tests)

Using Custom Tests

# Charger des tests personnalisés
bandit -r . --tests custom_bandit_test.py

# Utiliser le plugin
bandit -r . --plugin bandit_plugin.py

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## Automation and Scripting

### Automated Scanning Script
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# bandit_scanner.py

import subprocess
import json
import sys
import argparse
from pathlib import Path

class BanditScanner:
    def __init__(self, project_path, config_file=None):
        self.project_path = Path(project_path)
        self.config_file = config_file
        self.results = \\{\\}

    def run_scan(self, output_format='json', severity='MEDIUM', confidence='MEDIUM'):
        """Run Bandit scan with specified parameters"""
        cmd = [
            'bandit', '-r', str(self.project_path),
            '-f', output_format,
            f'-l\\{self._severity_to_flag(severity)\\}',
            f'-i\\{self._confidence_to_flag(confidence)\\}'
        ]

        if self.config_file:
            cmd.extend(['--configfile', self.config_file])

        try:
            result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False)

            if output_format == 'json':
                self.results = json.loads(result.stdout) if result.stdout else \\{\\}
            else:
                self.results = result.stdout

            return result.returncode == 0

        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
            print(f"Error running Bandit: \\{e\\}")
            return False
        except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
            print(f"Error parsing JSON output: \\{e\\}")
            return False

    def _severity_to_flag(self, severity):
        """Convert severity to Bandit flag"""
        mapping = \\{'LOW': '', 'MEDIUM': 'l', 'HIGH': 'll'\\}
        return mapping.get(severity.upper(), 'l')

    def _confidence_to_flag(self, confidence):
        """Convert confidence to Bandit flag"""
        mapping = \\{'LOW': 'ii', 'MEDIUM': 'i', 'HIGH': ''\\}
        return mapping.get(confidence.upper(), 'i')

    def get_summary(self):
        """Get scan summary"""
        if not isinstance(self.results, dict):
            return "No results available"

        metrics = self.results.get('metrics', \\{\\})
        return \\{
            'total_lines': metrics.get('_totals', \\{\\}).get('loc', 0),
            'total_issues': len(self.results.get('results', [])),
            'high_severity': len([r for r in self.results.get('results', [])
                                if r.get('issue_severity') == 'HIGH']),
            'medium_severity': len([r for r in self.results.get('results', [])
                                  if r.get('issue_severity') == 'MEDIUM']),
            'low_severity': len([r for r in self.results.get('results', [])
                               if r.get('issue_severity') == 'LOW'])
        \\}

    def get_issues_by_severity(self, severity='HIGH'):
        """Get issues filtered by severity"""
        if not isinstance(self.results, dict):
            return []

        return [issue for issue in self.results.get('results', [])
                if issue.get('issue_severity') == severity.upper()]

    def generate_report(self, output_file='bandit_report.html'):
        """Generate HTML report"""
        cmd = [
            'bandit', '-r', str(self.project_path),
            '-f', 'html', '-o', output_file
        ]

        if self.config_file:
            cmd.extend(['--configfile', self.config_file])

        try:
            subprocess.run(cmd, check=True)
            return True
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            return False

    def save_results(self, output_file='bandit_results.json'):
        """Save results to file"""
        if isinstance(self.results, dict):
            with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
                json.dump(self.results, f, indent=2)
        else:
            with open(output_file, 'w') as f:
                f.write(str(self.results))

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Automated Bandit Scanner')
    parser.add_argument('project_path', help='Path to project to scan')
    parser.add_argument('--config', help='Bandit configuration file')
    parser.add_argument('--severity', default='MEDIUM',
                       choices=['LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH'],
                       help='Minimum severity level')
    parser.add_argument('--confidence', default='MEDIUM',
                       choices=['LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH'],
                       help='Minimum confidence level')
    parser.add_argument('--output', help='Output file for results')
    parser.add_argument('--report', help='Generate HTML report')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    scanner = BanditScanner(args.project_path, args.config)

    print(f"Scanning \\{args.project_path\\}...")
    success = scanner.run_scan(severity=args.severity, confidence=args.confidence)

    if success:
        summary = scanner.get_summary()
        print(f"Scan completed successfully!")
        print(f"Total lines of code: \\{summary['total_lines']\\}")
        print(f"Total issues found: \\{summary['total_issues']\\}")
        print(f"High severity: \\{summary['high_severity']\\}")
        print(f"Medium severity: \\{summary['medium_severity']\\}")
        print(f"Low severity: \\{summary['low_severity']\\}")

        if args.output:
            scanner.save_results(args.output)
            print(f"Results saved to \\{args.output\\}")

        if args.report:
            if scanner.generate_report(args.report):
                print(f"HTML report generated: \\{args.report\\}")
            else:
                print("Failed to generate HTML report")

        # Exit with error code if high severity issues found
        if summary['high_severity'] >`` 0:
            print("High severity issues found!")
            sys.exit(1)
    else:
        print("Scan failed!")
        sys.exit(1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Batch Processing Script

#!/bin/bash
# batch_bandit_scan.sh

# Configuration
PROJECTS_DIR="/path/to/projects"
REPORTS_DIR="/path/to/reports"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)

# Create reports directory
mkdir -p "$REPORTS_DIR"

# Function to scan project
scan_project() \{
    local project_path="$1"
    local project_name=$(basename "$project_path")
    local report_file="$REPORTS_DIR/$\{project_name\}_$\{DATE\}.json"
    local html_report="$REPORTS_DIR/$\{project_name\}_$\{DATE\}.html"

    echo "Scanning $project_name..."

    # Run Bandit scan
    bandit -r "$project_path" -f json -o "$report_file" -ll -ii
    bandit -r "$project_path" -f html -o "$html_report" -ll -ii

    # Check for high severity issues
    high_issues=$(jq '.results|map(select(.issue_severity == "HIGH"))|length' "$report_file")

    if [ "$high_issues" -gt 0 ]; then
        echo "WARNING: $project_name has $high_issues high severity issues!"
        echo "$project_name" >> "$REPORTS_DIR/high_severity_projects.txt"
    fi

    echo "Scan completed for $project_name"
\}

# Scan all Python projects
find "$PROJECTS_DIR" -name "*.py" -type f|while read -r file; do
    project_dir=$(dirname "$file")
    if [ ! -f "$project_dir/.bandit_scanned" ]; then
        scan_project "$project_dir"
        touch "$project_dir/.bandit_scanned"
    fi
done

echo "Batch scanning completed. Reports saved to $REPORTS_DIR"

Integration with IDEs

VS Code Integration

// .vscode/settings.json
\{
    "python.linting.banditEnabled": true,
    "python.linting.banditArgs": [
        "--severity-level", "medium",
        "--confidence-level", "medium"
    ],
    "python.linting.enabled": true
\}

PyCharm Integration

# External tool configuration
# Program: bandit
# Arguments: -r $FileDir$ -f json
# Working directory: $ProjectFileDir$

Vim/Neovim Integration

" .vimrc or init.vim
" Bandit integration with ALE
let g:ale_linters = \{
\   'python': ['bandit', 'flake8', 'pylint'],
\\}

let g:ale_python_bandit_options = '-ll -ii'

Best Practices

Configuration Management

# .bandit - Comprehensive configuration
tests: ['B101', 'B102', 'B103', 'B104', 'B105', 'B106', 'B107', 'B108', 'B110', 'B112', 'B201', 'B301', 'B302', 'B303', 'B304', 'B305', 'B306', 'B307', 'B308', 'B309', 'B310', 'B311', 'B312', 'B313', 'B314', 'B315', 'B316', 'B317', 'B318', 'B319', 'B320', 'B321', 'B322', 'B323', 'B324', 'B325', 'B401', 'B402', 'B403', 'B404', 'B405', 'B406', 'B407', 'B408', 'B409', 'B410', 'B411', 'B412', 'B413', 'B501', 'B502', 'B503', 'B504', 'B505', 'B506', 'B507', 'B601', 'B602', 'B603', 'B604', 'B605', 'B606', 'B607', 'B608', 'B609', 'B610', 'B611', 'B701', 'B702', 'B703']

skips: ['B101']  # Skip assert_used in test files

exclude_dirs: [
    '*/tests/*',
    '*/test/*',
    '*/.venv/*',
    '*/venv/*',
    '*/.env/*',
    '*/env/*',
    '*/migrations/*',
    '*/node_modules/*',
    '*/.git/*'
]

# Severity: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH
severity: MEDIUM

# Confidence: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH
confidence: MEDIUM

False Positive Management

# Inline comments to suppress warnings
password = "default"  # nosec B105

# Suppress specific test
import subprocess
subprocess.call(shell_command, shell=True)  # nosec B602

# Suppress multiple tests
eval(user_input)  # nosec B307,B102

Team Workflow Integration

# Pre-commit configuration (.pre-commit-config.yaml)
repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit
    rev: '1.7.5'
    hooks:
      - id: bandit
        args: ['-ll', '-ii']
        exclude: ^tests/

# Make file integration
.PHONY: security-scan
security-scan:
	bandit -r . -ll -ii -f json -o security-report.json
	@echo "Security scan completed. Check security-report.json for results."

.PHONY: security-check
security-check:
	bandit -r . -ll -ii
	@if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then \
		echo "Security issues found. Please review and fix."; \
		exit 1; \
	fi

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

# Issue: ImportError when running Bandit
# Solution: Ensure proper Python environment
python -m pip install --upgrade bandit

# Issue: Configuration not being read
# Solution: Verify configuration file location and syntax
bandit --help-config

# Issue: Too many false positives
# Solution: Tune configuration and use suppressions
bandit -r . --skip B101,B601 -ll -ii

# Issue: Performance issues with large codebases
# Solution: Exclude unnecessary directories
bandit -r . --exclude "*/venv/*,*/node_modules/*,*/.git/*"

# Issue: Integration with CI/CD failing
# Solution: Use appropriate exit codes and error handling
bandit -r . -ll -ii||true  # Continue on errors

Performance Optimization

# Parallel processing (if available)
bandit -r . --processes 4

# Exclude large directories
bandit -r . --exclude "*/venv/*,*/env/*,*/node_modules/*,*/.git/*,*/migrations/*"

# Use specific tests only
bandit -r . --tests B201,B301,B401,B501

# Limit recursion depth
find . -name "*.py" -not -path "*/venv/*"|head -100|xargs bandit

Debugging

# Verbose output
bandit -v -r .

# Debug mode
bandit -d -r .

# Show skipped files
bandit -r . --verbose

# Test specific file with all details
bandit -v -ll -iii specific_file.py

Resources

• Bandit Official Documentation
• Bandit GitHub Repository
• Python Security Best Practices
• OWASP Python Security
• PyCQA Tools

---

This cheat sheet provides comprehensive guidance for using Bandit to identify security vulnerabilities in Python code. Always combine static analysis with other security testing methods for comprehensive coverage.

|xargs bandit -ll -ii

## CI/CD Integration

### GitHub Actions
__CODE_BLOCK_13__

### GitLab CI
__CODE_BLOCK_14__

### Jenkins Pipeline
__CODE_BLOCK_15__

### Azure DevOps
__CODE_BLOCK_16__

## Common Vulnerability Patterns

### Hardcoded Passwords (B105, B106, B107)
__CODE_BLOCK_17__

### SQL Injection (B608)
__CODE_BLOCK_18__

### Command Injection (B602, B605, B606, B607)
__CODE_BLOCK_19__

### Insecure Random (B311)
__CODE_BLOCK_20__

### Unsafe YAML Loading (B506)
__CODE_BLOCK_21__

## Custom Rules and Plugins

### Creating Custom Tests
__CODE_BLOCK_22__

### Plugin Development
__CODE_BLOCK_23__

### Using Custom Tests
__CODE_BLOCK_24__

## Automation and Scripting

### Automated Scanning Script
__CODE_BLOCK_25__

### Batch Processing Script
__CODE_BLOCK_26__

## Integration with IDEs

### VS Code Integration
__CODE_BLOCK_27__

### PyCharm Integration
__CODE_BLOCK_28__

### Vim/Neovim Integration
__CODE_BLOCK_29__

## Best Practices

### Configuration Management
__CODE_BLOCK_30__

### False Positive Management
__CODE_BLOCK_31__

### Team Workflow Integration
__CODE_BLOCK_32__

## Troubleshooting

### Common Issues
__CODE_BLOCK_33__

### Performance Optimization
__CODE_BLOCK_34__

### Debugging
__CODE_BLOCK_35__

## Resources

- [Bandit Official Documentation](https://bandit.readthedocs.io/)
- [Bandit GitHub Repository](https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit) [Meilleures pratiques de sécurité Python]https://python.org/dev/security/[Sécurité OWASP Python]https://owasp.org/www-project-python-security/[Outils PyCQA]https://github.com/PyCQA

*Ce guide fournit des recommandations complètes pour utiliser Bandit afin d'identifier les vulnérabilités de sécurité dans le code Python. Combinez toujours l'analyse statique avec d'autres méthodes de test de sécurité pour une couverture exhaustive.*