Wapiti Cheat Sheet

"Clase de la hoja" idbutton id="wapiti-copy-btn" class="copy-btn" onclick="copyAllCommands()" Copiar todos los comandos id="wapiti-pdf-btn" class="pdf-btn" onclick="generatePDF()" Generar PDF seleccionado/button ■/div titulada

Sinopsis

Wapiti es un escáner de vulnerabilidad de aplicaciones web que realiza pruebas de caja negra de aplicaciones web. Se arrastra páginas web y busca scripts y formas donde puede inyectar datos. Una vez que recibe la lista de URLs, formularios y sus entradas, Wapiti actúa como un fuzzer, inyectando cargas de pago para ver si un script es vulnerable. Wapiti puede detectar varias vulnerabilidades incluyendo inyección SQL, XSS, inclusión de archivos, ejecución de comandos, y más.

NOVEDAD Advertencia: Únicamente use Wapiti contra las aplicaciones que posee o tenga permiso explícito para probar. Las pruebas no autorizadas pueden violar términos de servicio o leyes locales.

Instalación

Instalación de paquetes Python

# Install via pip
pip install wapiti3

# Install with all dependencies
pip install wapiti3[complete]

# Install development version
pip install git+https://github.com/wapiti-scanner/wapiti.git

# Verify installation
wapiti --version

Instalación de paquete de sistema

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt update
sudo apt install wapiti

# CentOS/RHEL/Fedora
sudo yum install wapiti
# or
sudo dnf install wapiti

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S wapiti

# macOS with Homebrew
brew install wapiti

Docker Instalación

# Pull Docker image
docker pull wapiti/wapiti:latest

# Run with Docker
docker run --rm -it wapiti/wapiti:latest --help

# Create alias for easier usage
echo 'alias wapiti="docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd):/data wapiti/wapiti:latest"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

Instalación manual

# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/wapiti-scanner/wapiti.git
cd wapiti

# Install dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Install
python setup.py install

# Or run directly
python wapiti.py --help

Uso básico

Vulnerabilidad simple Escáneos

# Basic scan
wapiti -u http://target.com

# Scan with specific modules
wapiti -u http://target.com -m sql,xss,file

# Scan with all modules
wapiti -u http://target.com -m all

# Verbose scan
wapiti -u http://target.com -v 2

# Quiet scan
wapiti -u http://target.com -q

Opciones de arrastre

# Set crawling depth
wapiti -u http://target.com --depth 3

# Set maximum pages to crawl
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-pages 100

# Set crawling scope
wapiti -u http://target.com --scope domain

# Include/exclude specific paths
wapiti -u http://target.com --skip-crawl "/admin,/test"

# Follow external links
wapiti -u http://target.com --scope url

Autenticación

# Basic authentication
wapiti -u http://target.com --auth-user admin --auth-password secret

# Cookie-based authentication
wapiti -u http://target.com --cookie "PHPSESSID=abc123; auth=true"

# Custom headers
wapiti -u http://target.com --headers "Authorization: Bearer token123"

# Login form authentication
wapiti -u http://target.com --auth-method form --auth-url http://target.com/login --auth-user admin --auth-password secret

Módulos de vulnerabilidad

Módulos disponibles

# List all available modules
wapiti --list-modules

# SQL injection detection
wapiti -u http://target.com -m sql

# Cross-site scripting (XSS)
wapiti -u http://target.com -m xss

# File inclusion vulnerabilities
wapiti -u http://target.com -m file

# Command execution
wapiti -u http://target.com -m exec

# Cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
wapiti -u http://target.com -m csrf

# Server-side request forgery (SSRF)
wapiti -u http://target.com -m ssrf

# XML external entity (XXE)
wapiti -u http://target.com -m xxe

# Backup file detection
wapiti -u http://target.com -m backup

# Directory traversal
wapiti -u http://target.com -m traversal

# HTTP security headers
wapiti -u http://target.com -m headers

Escáneos del módulo-específico

# Comprehensive SQL injection scan
wapiti -u http://target.com -m sql --level 2

# XSS with custom payloads
wapiti -u http://target.com -m xss --payload-file xss_payloads.txt

# File inclusion with time delay
wapiti -u http://target.com -m file --timeout 10

# Command execution with specific OS
wapiti -u http://target.com -m exec --os linux

# Multiple modules
wapiti -u http://target.com -m "sql,xss,file,exec"

Configuración avanzada

Ajustes Proxy y Network

# Use HTTP proxy
wapiti -u http://target.com --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

# Use SOCKS proxy
wapiti -u http://target.com --proxy socks5://127.0.0.1:9050

# Set timeout
wapiti -u http://target.com --timeout 30

# Set delay between requests
wapiti -u http://target.com --delay 2

# Set user agent
wapiti -u http://target.com --user-agent "Custom Scanner 1.0"

# Ignore SSL certificate errors
wapiti -u https://target.com --verify-ssl 0

Configuración de Crawling

# Set maximum crawling time
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-scan-time 3600

# Set maximum parameters per page
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-parameters 20

# Set maximum attack time per URL
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-attack-time 300

# Exclude specific file types
wapiti -u http://target.com --exclude "*.pdf,*.jpg,*.png"

# Include only specific file types
wapiti -u http://target.com --include "*.php,*.asp,*.jsp"

# Set crawling rules
wapiti -u http://target.com --crawl-rules "follow_redirects,parse_robots"

Productos y presentación de informes

# Generate HTML report
wapiti -u http://target.com -f html -o /tmp/wapiti_report.html

# Generate XML report
wapiti -u http://target.com -f xml -o /tmp/wapiti_report.xml

# Generate JSON report
wapiti -u http://target.com -f json -o /tmp/wapiti_report.json

# Generate TXT report
wapiti -u http://target.com -f txt -o /tmp/wapiti_report.txt

# Multiple output formats
wapiti -u http://target.com -f html,xml,json -o /tmp/wapiti_report

Escaneo especializado

API Testing

# Scan REST API
wapiti -u http://api.target.com/v1 --scope domain -m "sql,xss,xxe"

# Scan with API authentication
wapiti -u http://api.target.com/v1 --headers "Authorization: Bearer token123" -m all

# Scan GraphQL endpoints
wapiti -u http://target.com/graphql -m "sql,xss" --level 2

# Scan with custom content type
wapiti -u http://api.target.com/v1 --headers "Content-Type: application/json" -m all

Pruebas basadas en formularios

# Focus on forms only
wapiti -u http://target.com --attack-forms-only

# Skip GET parameters
wapiti -u http://target.com --skip-get-params

# Test specific form fields
wapiti -u http://target.com --form-data "username=admin&password=test"

# Upload file testing
wapiti -u http://target.com --upload-dir /tmp/uploads -m file

Gestión del período de sesiones

# Use session file
wapiti -u http://target.com --session-file session.json

# Save session for later use
wapiti -u http://target.com --save-session session.json

# Resume previous scan
wapiti -u http://target.com --resume-session session.json

# Clear session data
wapiti -u http://target.com --clear-session

Cargas y reglas de pago personalizadas

Archivos de carga de pago personalizados

# Create custom SQL injection payloads
cat > sql_payloads.txt << 'EOF'
' OR '1'='1
' UNION SELECT NULL--
'; DROP TABLE users--
' AND SLEEP(5)--
' OR 1=1#
EOF

# Use custom payloads
wapiti -u http://target.com -m sql --payload-file sql_payloads.txt

# Create custom XSS payloads
cat > xss_payloads.txt << 'EOF'
<script>alert('XSS')</script>
<img src=x onerror=alert('XSS')>
javascript:alert('XSS')
<svg onload=alert('XSS')>
EOF

wapiti -u http://target.com -m xss --payload-file xss_payloads.txt

Archivos de configuración

# Create configuration file
cat > wapiti.conf << 'EOF'
[general]
timeout = 30
delay = 1
max_pages = 200
max_scan_time = 7200

[crawling]
depth = 3
scope = domain
follow_redirects = true

[modules]
sql = true
xss = true
file = true
exec = false
csrf = true

[output]
format = html,json
output_dir = /tmp/wapiti_reports
EOF

# Use configuration file
wapiti -u http://target.com --config wapiti.conf

Módulos de ataque personalizados

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Custom Wapiti module example

from wapitiCore.attack.attack import Attack
from wapitiCore.language.vulnerability import Vulnerability

class CustomAttack(Attack):
    """Custom attack module for Wapiti"""

    name = "custom"
    description = "Custom vulnerability detection"

    def __init__(self, crawler, persister, logger, attack_options):
        super().__init__(crawler, persister, logger, attack_options)
        self.payloads = [
            "custom_payload_1",
            "custom_payload_2",
            "custom_payload_3"
        ]

    def attack(self, http_res):
        """Main attack method"""
        url = http_res.url

        for payload in self.payloads:
            # Inject payload and test response
            test_url = f"\\\\{url\\\\}?test=\\\\{payload\\\\}"

            try:
                response = self.crawler.get(test_url)

                if self.is_vulnerable(response):
                    vuln = Vulnerability(
                        category="Custom Vulnerability",
                        level=Vulnerability.HIGH_LEVEL,
                        request=response.http_request,
                        info="Custom vulnerability detected"
                    )
                    self.add_vuln(vuln)

            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.error(f"Error testing \\\\{test_url\\\\}: \\\\{e\\\\}")

    def is_vulnerable(self, response):
        """Check if response indicates vulnerability"""
        indicators = ["error", "exception", "debug"]
        return any(indicator in response.content.lower() for indicator in indicators)

Scripts de automatización

Escáner completo

#!/bin/bash
# Comprehensive web application security scan

TARGET="$1"
OUTPUT_DIR="wapiti_scan_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"

if [ -z "$TARGET" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <target_url>"
    exit 1
fi

mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"

echo "[+] Starting comprehensive scan for: $TARGET"

# Basic vulnerability scan
echo "[+] Running basic vulnerability scan..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m "sql,xss,file,exec,csrf,ssrf" \
    -f html,json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/basic_scan" \
    --level 2 \
    --timeout 30 \
    --max-pages 500

# Deep SQL injection scan
echo "[+] Running deep SQL injection scan..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m sql \
    -f json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/sql_scan.json" \
    --level 3 \
    --timeout 60

# XSS focused scan
echo "[+] Running XSS focused scan..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m xss \
    -f json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/xss_scan.json" \
    --level 2 \
    --timeout 30

# File inclusion scan
echo "[+] Running file inclusion scan..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m file \
    -f json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/file_scan.json" \
    --level 2

# Backup file detection
echo "[+] Running backup file detection..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m backup \
    -f json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/backup_scan.json"

# Security headers check
echo "[+] Checking security headers..."
wapiti -u "$TARGET" \
    -m headers \
    -f json \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/headers_scan.json"

echo "[+] Scan completed. Results saved to: $OUTPUT_DIR"

# Generate summary
python3 ``<< EOF
import json
import os
from collections import defaultdict

results_dir = "$OUTPUT_DIR"
vulnerabilities = defaultdict(list)

for filename in os.listdir(results_dir):
    if filename.endswith('.json'):
        filepath = os.path.join(results_dir, filename)
        try:
            with open(filepath, 'r') as f:
                data = json.load(f)
                if 'vulnerabilities' in data:
                    for vuln in data['vulnerabilities']:
                        vuln_type = vuln.get('type', 'Unknown')
                        vulnerabilities[vuln_type].append(vuln)
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error processing \\\{filename\\\}: \\\{e\\\}")

print("\\n=== VULNERABILITY SUMMARY ===")
total_vulns = 0
for vuln_type, vulns in vulnerabilities.items():
    count = len(vulns)
    total_vulns += count
    print(f"\\\{vuln_type\\\}: \\\{count\\\}")

print(f"\\nTotal vulnerabilities found: \\\{total_vulns\\\}")

# Save summary
summary = \\\{
    'total_vulnerabilities': total_vulns,
    'by_type': \\\{k: len(v) for k, v in vulnerabilities.items()\\\}
\\\}

with open(os.path.join(results_dir, 'summary.json'), 'w') as f:
    json.dump(summary, f, indent=2)
EOF

Script de monitoreo continuo

#!/bin/bash
# Continuous web application monitoring

CONFIG_FILE="monitor_config.conf"
LOG_FILE="wapiti_monitor.log"

# Configuration
TARGETS=(
    "https://app1.example.com"
    "https://app2.example.com"
    "https://api.example.com"
)

SCAN_INTERVAL=86400  # 24 hours
ALERT_EMAIL="security@example.com"

log_message() \\\{
    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1"|tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
\\\}

send_alert() \\\{
    local target="$1"
    local vuln_count="$2"
    local report_file="$3"

    if [ "$vuln_count" -gt 0 ]; then
        log_message "ALERT: $vuln_count vulnerabilities found in $target"

        # Send email alert (requires mail command)
        if command -v mail >``/dev/null 2>&1; then
            echo "Wapiti scan found $vuln_count vulnerabilities in $target. See attached report."|\
                mail -s "Security Alert: Vulnerabilities Detected" -A "$report_file" "$ALERT_EMAIL"
        fi
    fi
\\\\}

scan_target() \\\\{
    local target="$1"
    local timestamp=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
    local output_dir="monitor_$\\\\{timestamp\\\\}"
    local report_file="$\\\\{output_dir\\\\}/scan_report.json"

    log_message "Starting scan for: $target"

    mkdir -p "$output_dir"

    # Run Wapiti scan
    wapiti -u "$target" \
        -m "sql,xss,file,exec,csrf" \
        -f json \
        -o "$report_file" \
        --timeout 30 \
        --max-pages 200 \
        --level 1 \
        2>>"$LOG_FILE"

    if [ -f "$report_file" ]; then
        # Count vulnerabilities
        vuln_count=$(python3 -c "
import json
try:
    with open('$report_file', 'r') as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        print(len(data.get('vulnerabilities', [])))
except:
    print(0)
")

        log_message "Scan completed for $target. Found $vuln_count vulnerabilities."
        send_alert "$target" "$vuln_count" "$report_file"

        # Cleanup old reports (keep last 10)
        ls -t monitor_*/scan_report.json 2>/dev/null|tail -n +11|xargs rm -f 2>/dev/null

    else
        log_message "ERROR: Scan failed for $target"
    fi
\\\\}

# Main monitoring loop
while true; do
    log_message "Starting monitoring cycle"

    for target in "$\\\\{TARGETS[@]\\\\}"; do
        scan_target "$target"
        sleep 60  # Wait between targets
    done

    log_message "Monitoring cycle completed. Sleeping for $SCAN_INTERVAL seconds."
    sleep "$SCAN_INTERVAL"
done

CI/CD Integration Script

#!/bin/bash
# CI/CD pipeline integration script

set -e

TARGET_URL="$1"
FAIL_ON_VULN="$\\\\{2:-true\\\\}"
OUTPUT_DIR="wapiti_ci_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"

if [ -z "$TARGET_URL" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <target_url> [fail_on_vulnerabilities]"
    exit 1
fi

mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"

echo "Starting security scan for: $TARGET_URL"

# Run Wapiti scan
wapiti -u "$TARGET_URL" \
    -m "sql,xss,file,exec,csrf" \
    -f json,html \
    -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/security_scan" \
    --timeout 30 \
    --max-pages 100 \
    --level 1

# Process results
REPORT_FILE="$OUTPUT_DIR/security_scan.json"

if [ -f "$REPORT_FILE" ]; then
    # Count vulnerabilities by severity
    python3 << EOF
import json
import sys

with open('$REPORT_FILE', 'r') as f:
    data = json.load(f)

vulnerabilities = data.get('vulnerabilities', [])
total = len(vulnerabilities)

severity_counts = \\\\{'high': 0, 'medium': 0, 'low': 0\\\\}
for vuln in vulnerabilities:
    severity = vuln.get('level', 'low').lower()
    if severity in severity_counts:
        severity_counts[severity] += 1

print(f"Security Scan Results:")
print(f"Total vulnerabilities: \\\\{total\\\\}")
print(f"High severity: \\\\{severity_counts['high']\\\\}")
print(f"Medium severity: \\\\{severity_counts['medium']\\\\}")
print(f"Low severity: \\\\{severity_counts['low']\\\\}")

# Exit with error code if vulnerabilities found and fail_on_vuln is true
if '$FAIL_ON_VULN' == 'true' and total > 0:
    print("\\nSecurity vulnerabilities detected. Failing build.")
    sys.exit(1)
else:
    print("\\nSecurity scan completed successfully.")
    sys.exit(0)
EOF

else
    echo "ERROR: Scan report not found"
    exit 1
fi

Integración con otras herramientas

Burp Suite Integration

# Use Burp as proxy for Wapiti
wapiti -u http://target.com --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

# Export discovered URLs to Burp
wapiti -u http://target.com --crawl-only -f txt -o burp_targets.txt

OWASP ZAP Integración

# Use ZAP as proxy
wapiti -u http://target.com --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

# Generate ZAP-compatible report
wapiti -u http://target.com -f xml -o zap_import.xml

Nuclei Integration

# Extract URLs for Nuclei
wapiti -u http://target.com --crawl-only --format txt|grep -E '^http' > nuclei_targets.txt

# Run Nuclei on discovered URLs
nuclei -l nuclei_targets.txt -t /path/to/nuclei-templates/

Solución de problemas

Cuestiones comunes

Problemas de arrastre

# Increase crawling timeout
wapiti -u http://target.com --timeout 60

# Reduce crawling depth
wapiti -u http://target.com --depth 1

# Skip problematic URLs
wapiti -u http://target.com --skip-crawl "/problematic-path"

# Use different user agent
wapiti -u http://target.com --user-agent "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Scanner)"

Cuestiones de autenticación

# Debug authentication
wapiti -u http://target.com --auth-user admin --auth-password secret -v 2

# Use cookie authentication instead
wapiti -u http://target.com --cookie "session=valid_session_id"

# Test authentication manually first
curl -u admin:secret http://target.com/protected

Cuestiones de ejecución

# Reduce scan scope
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-pages 50

# Increase delays
wapiti -u http://target.com --delay 3

# Use fewer modules
wapiti -u http://target.com -m "sql,xss"

# Set scan time limit
wapiti -u http://target.com --max-scan-time 1800

Cuestiones SSL/TLS

# Disable SSL verification
wapiti -u https://target.com --verify-ssl 0

# Use specific SSL version
wapiti -u https://target.com --ssl-version TLSv1.2

# Debug SSL issues
wapiti -u https://target.com -v 2 --verify-ssl 0

Debugging y Logging

# Enable verbose logging
wapiti -u http://target.com -v 2

# Save debug information
wapiti -u http://target.com -v 2 2>&1|tee wapiti_debug.log

# Test specific module
wapiti -u http://target.com -m sql -v 2

# Dry run (crawl only)
wapiti -u http://target.com --crawl-only -v 1

Recursos

• Documentación oficial de Wapiti
• Wapiti GitHub Repository
• Guía de Pruebas de Seguridad Web de la OPEP
• Evaluación del escáner de seguridad de la aplicación web
• Python Security Testing
• Prueba de Penetración de la aplicación web
• Automated Security Testing

-...

*Esta hoja de trampa proporciona una referencia completa para el uso de Wapiti para el análisis de vulnerabilidad de aplicaciones web. Siempre asegúrese de tener una autorización adecuada antes de usar esta herramienta en cualquier entorno. *