Hoja de Referencia de Vite

Vite - Next Generation Frontend Tooling

Vite es una herramienta de construcción que busca proporcionar una experiencia de desarrollo más rápida y ligera para proyectos web modernos. Consiste en un servidor de desarrollo que ofrece mejoras de características enriquecidas sobre módulos ES nativos, y un comando de compilación que empaqueta tu código con Rollup.

(Note: Texts 4-20 were not provided in the original request, so I cannot translate them. If you would like me to translate those sections, please provide the specific English texts.)```bash

Install Vite globally

npm install -g vite

Using Yarn

yarn global add vite

Using pnpm

pnpm add -g vite

Verify installation

vite —version


### Project-specific Installation
```bash
# Install as dev dependency
npm install --save-dev vite

# Using Yarn
yarn add --dev vite

# Using pnpm
pnpm add -D vite

Prerequisites

# Node.js version requirements
node --version  # Should be 14.18+ or 16+

# Check npm version
npm --version

# Update npm if needed
npm install -g npm@latest

Project Creation

Create New Projects

# Create vanilla JavaScript project
npm create vite@latest my-project

# Create with specific template
npm create vite@latest my-react-app -- --template react
npm create vite@latest my-vue-app -- --template vue
npm create vite@latest my-svelte-app -- --template svelte

# Using Yarn
yarn create vite my-project

# Using pnpm
pnpm create vite my-project

Available Templates

# JavaScript frameworks
npm create vite@latest -- --template vanilla
npm create vite@latest -- --template vanilla-ts
npm create vite@latest -- --template react
npm create vite@latest -- --template react-ts
npm create vite@latest -- --template vue
npm create vite@latest -- --template vue-ts
npm create vite@latest -- --template svelte
npm create vite@latest -- --template svelte-ts

# Additional templates
npm create vite@latest -- --template lit
npm create vite@latest -- --template lit-ts
npm create vite@latest -- --template preact
npm create vite@latest -- --template preact-ts

Project Structure

# Typical Vite project structure
my-vite-project/
├── index.html          # Entry HTML file
├── package.json        # Dependencies and scripts
├── vite.config.js      # Vite configuration
├── src/
│   ├── main.js         # Application entry point
│   ├── style.css       # Global styles
│   └── components/     # Component files
├── public/             # Static assets
└── dist/              # Build output (generated)

Development Server

Starting Development Server

# Start dev server
npm run dev

# Start with specific port
npm run dev -- --port 3000

# Start with specific host
npm run dev -- --host 0.0.0.0

# Start with HTTPS
npm run dev -- --https

# Start with custom config
npm run dev -- --config vite.config.custom.js

Development Server Options

# Open browser automatically
npm run dev -- --open

# Clear cache and restart
npm run dev -- --force

# Enable debug mode
DEBUG=vite:* npm run dev

# Start with specific mode
npm run dev -- --mode development

Hot Module Replacement (HMR)

// Enable HMR in your code
if (import.meta.hot) {
  import.meta.hot.accept('./module.js', (newModule) => {
    // Handle module update
  });
  
  // Accept self updates
  import.meta.hot.accept();
  
  // Dispose callback
  import.meta.hot.dispose((data) => {
    // Cleanup before update
  });
}

Configuration

Basic Configuration

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';

export default defineConfig({
  // Basic options
  root: './src',
  base: '/',
  mode: 'development',
  
  // Server configuration
  server: {
    port: 3000,
    host: true,
    open: true,
    https: false,
    proxy: {
      '/api': 'http://localhost:8080'
    }
  },
  
  // Build configuration
  build: {
    outDir: 'dist',
    assetsDir: 'assets',
    sourcemap: true,
    minify: 'terser'
  }
});

Advanced Configuration

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
import { resolve } from 'path';

export default defineConfig({
  // Resolve configuration
  resolve: {
    alias: {
      '@': resolve(__dirname, 'src'),
      '@components': resolve(__dirname, 'src/components'),
      '@utils': resolve(__dirname, 'src/utils')
    },
    extensions: ['.js', '.ts', '.jsx', '.tsx', '.vue']
  },
  
  // CSS configuration
  css: {
    preprocessorOptions: {
      scss: {
        additionalData: `@import "@/styles/variables.scss";`
      }
    },
    modules: {
      localsConvention: 'camelCase'
    }
  },
  
  // Environment variables
  define: {
    __APP_VERSION__: JSON.stringify(process.env.npm_package_version)
  },
  
  // Optimization
  optimizeDeps: {
    include: ['lodash', 'axios'],
    exclude: ['some-large-dependency']
  }
});

Conditional Configuration

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';

export default defineConfig(({ command, mode }) => {
  const config = {
    // Common configuration
  };
  
  if (command === 'serve') {
    // Development configuration
    config.server = {
      port: 3000
    };
  } else {
    // Build configuration
    config.build = {
      rollupOptions: {
        external: ['vue']
      }
    };
  }
  
  if (mode === 'production') {
    // Production-specific configuration
    config.build.minify = 'terser';
  }
  
  return config;
});

Build Process

Building for Production

# Build for production
npm run build

# Build with specific mode
npm run build -- --mode production

# Build with custom config
npm run build -- --config vite.config.prod.js

# Build and analyze bundle
npm run build -- --analyze

Build Configuration

// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  build: {
    // Output directory
    outDir: 'dist',
    
    // Assets directory
    assetsDir: 'assets',
    
    // Generate sourcemaps
    sourcemap: true,
    
    // Minification
    minify: 'terser',
    
    // Terser options
    terserOptions: {
      compress: {
        drop_console: true,
        drop_debugger: true
      }
    },
    
    // Rollup options
    rollupOptions: {
      input: {
        main: resolve(__dirname, 'index.html'),
        admin: resolve(__dirname, 'admin.html')
      },
      output: {
        manualChunks: {
          vendor: ['vue', 'vue-router'],
          utils: ['lodash', 'axios']
        }
      }
    },
    
    // Asset inlining threshold
    assetsInlineLimit: 4096,
    
    // CSS code splitting
    cssCodeSplit: true,
    
    // Library mode
    lib: {
      entry: resolve(__dirname, 'src/main.js'),
      name: 'MyLib',
      fileName: 'my-lib'
    }
  }
});

Preview Built Application

# Preview production build
npm run preview

# Preview with specific port
npm run preview -- --port 4173

# Preview with HTTPS
npm run preview -- --https

Plugin System

Official Plugins

# Install official plugins
npm install --save-dev @vitejs/plugin-react
npm install --save-dev @vitejs/plugin-vue
npm install --save-dev @vitejs/plugin-svelte
npm install --save-dev @vitejs/plugin-legacy

Plugin Configuration

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react';
import { resolve } from 'path';

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    react({
      // React plugin options
      include: "**/*.{jsx,tsx}",
      babel: {
        plugins: ['babel-plugin-styled-components']
      }
    })
  ]
});

Popular Community Plugins

# Install popular plugins
npm install --save-dev vite-plugin-eslint
npm install --save-dev vite-plugin-windicss
npm install --save-dev vite-plugin-pwa
npm install --save-dev vite-plugin-mock
npm install --save-dev vite-plugin-html
```### Desarrollo de Plugins Personalizados
```javascript
// Custom plugin example
function myPlugin() {
  return {
    name: 'my-plugin',
    configResolved(config) {
      // Access final config
    },
    buildStart(opts) {
      // Build start hook
    },
    load(id) {
      // Load hook
      if (id === 'virtual:my-module') {
        return 'export const msg = "Hello from virtual module"';
      }
    },
    transform(code, id) {
      // Transform hook
      if (id.endsWith('.special')) {
        return `export default ${JSON.stringify(code)}`;
      }
    }
  };
}

// Use custom plugin
export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [myPlugin()]
});
```## Variables de Entorno
```bash
# Environment file hierarchy
.env                # Loaded in all cases
.env.local          # Loaded in all cases, ignored by git
.env.[mode]         # Only loaded in specified mode
.env.[mode].local   # Only loaded in specified mode, ignored by git
```### Ejemplos de Variables de Entorno
```bash
# .env
VITE_APP_TITLE=My App
VITE_API_URL=https://api.example.com

# .env.development
VITE_API_URL=http://localhost:3000/api

# .env.production
VITE_API_URL=https://api.production.com
```### Usando Variables de Entorno
```javascript
// In your application code
console.log(import.meta.env.VITE_APP_TITLE);
console.log(import.meta.env.VITE_API_URL);

// Built-in environment variables
console.log(import.meta.env.MODE);        // 'development' or 'production'
console.log(import.meta.env.BASE_URL);    // Base URL
console.log(import.meta.env.PROD);        // Boolean
console.log(import.meta.env.DEV);         // Boolean
console.log(import.meta.env.SSR);         // Boolean
```### Variables de Entorno en TypeScript
```typescript
// vite-env.d.ts
interface ImportMetaEnv {
  readonly VITE_APP_TITLE: string;
  readonly VITE_API_URL: string;
}

interface ImportMeta {
  readonly env: ImportMetaEnv;
}
```## Manejo de Recursos
```javascript
// Import static assets
import imgUrl from './img.png';
import workerUrl from './worker.js?worker';
import inlineWorker from './worker.js?worker&inline';

// URL imports
import assetAsURL from './asset.js?url';
import assetAsString from './shader.glsl?raw';

// Dynamic imports
const modules = import.meta.glob('./dir/*.js');
const modules = import.meta.glob('./dir/*.js', { eager: true });
```### Recursos Estáticos
```bash
# Files in public/ are served at root
public/
├── favicon.ico     # Available at /favicon.ico
├── robots.txt      # Available at /robots.txt
└── images/
    └── logo.png    # Available at /images/logo.png
```### Directorio Público
```javascript
// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  assetsInclude: ['**/*.gltf'],
  
  build: {
    assetsInlineLimit: 4096,
    rollupOptions: {
      output: {
        assetFileNames: (assetInfo) => {
          let extType = assetInfo.name.split('.').at(1);
          if (/png|jpe?g|svg|gif|tiff|bmp|ico/i.test(extType)) {
            extType = 'img';
          }
          return `assets/${extType}/[name]-[hash][extname]`;
        }
      }
    }
  }
});
```### Procesamiento de Recursos
```css
/* styles.module.css */
.button {
  background: blue;
  color: white;
}

.button:hover {
  background: darkblue;
}

// Using CSS modules
import styles from './styles.module.css';

function Button() {
  return <button className={styles.button}>Click me</button>;
}
```## Procesamiento de CSS
```bash
# Install preprocessors
npm install --save-dev sass
npm install --save-dev less
npm install --save-dev stylus

// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  css: {
    preprocessorOptions: {
      scss: {
        additionalData: `@import "@/styles/variables.scss";`
      },
      less: {
        math: 'parens-division'
      },
      styl: {
        define: {
          $specialColor: new stylus.nodes.RGBA(51, 197, 255, 1)
        }
      }
    }
  }
});
```### Módulos de CSS
```bash
# Install PostCSS plugins
npm install --save-dev autoprefixer
npm install --save-dev tailwindcss
npm install --save-dev postcss-nested

// postcss.config.js
module.exports = {
  plugins: {
    tailwindcss: {},
    autoprefixer: {},
    'postcss-nested': {}
  }
};
```### Preprocesadores de CSS
```bash
# Install CSS-in-JS libraries
npm install styled-components
npm install @emotion/react @emotion/styled
npm install @stitches/react
```### Integración de PostCSS
```json
// tsconfig.json
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "ES2020",
    "useDefineForClassFields": true,
    "lib": ["ES2020", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
    "module": "ESNext",
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
    "resolveJsonModule": true,
    "isolatedModules": true,
    "noEmit": true,
    "jsx": "react-jsx",
    "strict": true,
    "noUnusedLocals": true,
    "noUnusedParameters": true,
    "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "paths": {
      "@/*": ["src/*"]
    }
  },
  "include": ["src"],
  "references": [{ "path": "./tsconfig.node.json" }]
}
```### Soporte de CSS-in-JS
```typescript
// vite.config.ts
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react';
import { resolve } from 'path';

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [react()],
  resolve: {
    alias: {
      '@': resolve(__dirname, './src')
    }
  },
  server: {
    port: 3000
  }
});
```## Soporte de TypeScript
```bash
# Run TypeScript compiler for type checking
npx tsc --noEmit

# Add to package.json scripts
{
  "scripts": {
    "type-check": "tsc --noEmit",
    "build": "tsc --noEmit && vite build"
  }
}
```### Configuración de TypeScript
```bash
# Install Vitest
npm install --save-dev vitest

# Install testing utilities
npm install --save-dev @testing-library/react
npm install --save-dev @testing-library/jest-dom
npm install --save-dev jsdom

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';

export default defineConfig({
  test: {
    globals: true,
    environment: 'jsdom',
    setupFiles: './src/test/setup.ts'
  }
});
```### TypeScript en Configuración de Vite
```javascript
// src/test/setup.ts
import '@testing-library/jest-dom';

// Mock environment variables
Object.defineProperty(import.meta, 'env', {
  value: {
    VITE_API_URL: 'http://localhost:3000'
  }
});
```### Verificación de Tipos
```javascript
// src/components/Button.test.tsx
import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
import { Button } from './Button';

test('renders button with text', () => {
  render(<Button>Click me</Button>);
  expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toHaveTextContent('Click me');
});
```## Integración de Pruebas
```json
{
  "scripts": {
    "test": "vitest",
    "test:ui": "vitest --ui",
    "test:run": "vitest run",
    "coverage": "vitest run --coverage"
  }
}
```### Configuración de Vitest
```bash
# Build for production
npm run build

# Deploy to various platforms
# Netlify
npm install -g netlify-cli
netlify deploy --prod --dir dist

# Vercel
npm install -g vercel
vercel --prod

# GitHub Pages
npm install --save-dev gh-pages

Security Best Practices

# Dockerfile
FROM node:18-alpine as build

WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci

COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM nginx:alpine
COPY --from=build /app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

Development Workflow

Summary

Vite is a powerful, fast, and modern build tool that significantly improves the development experience for frontend projects. Key advantages include:

Lightning Fast: Instant server start and lightning-fast HMR
Rich Features: TypeScript, JSX, CSS pre-processors support out of the box
Optimized Build: Uses Rollup for production builds with advanced optimizations
Plugin Ecosystem: Extensive plugin system for customization
Framework Agnostic: Works with React, Vue, Svelte, and vanilla JavaScript

For optimal performance, leverage Vite’s native ES modules in development, configure proper code splitting for production, and utilize the rich plugin ecosystem for enhanced functionality.

Translations:

# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: Deploy

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: '18'
          cache: 'npm'
      
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci
      
      - name: Run tests
        run: npm run test:run
      
      - name: Build
        run: npm run build
      
      - name: Deploy to Netlify
        uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v2.0
        with:
          publish-dir: './dist'
          production-branch: main
        env:
          NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN }}
          NETLIFY_SITE_ID: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_SITE_ID }}

Mejores Prácticas de Seguridad

# Install bundle analyzer
npm install --save-dev rollup-plugin-visualizer

# Add to vite.config.js
import { visualizer } from 'rollup-plugin-visualizer';

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    visualizer({
      filename: 'dist/stats.html',
      open: true
    })
  ]
});

Flujo de Trabajo de Desarrollo

Resumen

Vite es una potente, rápida y moderna herramienta de construcción que mejora significativamente la experiencia de desarrollo para proyectos frontend. Sus principales ventajas incluyen:

Extremadamente Rápido: Inicio de servidor instantáneo y HMR ultrarrápido
Características Ricas: Soporte para TypeScript, JSX, preprocesadores CSS de serie
Compilación Optimizada: Usa Rollup para compilaciones de producción con optimizaciones avanzadas
Ecosistema de Plugins: Sistema de plugins extenso para personalización
Independiente de Framework: Funciona con React, Vue, Svelte y JavaScript vanilla

Para un rendimiento óptimo, aproveche los módulos ES nativos de Vite en desarrollo, configure una división de código adecuada para producción y utilice el rico ecosistema de plugins para funcionalidad mejorada.

Would you like me to translate the remaining sections? If so, could you provide the content for the empty sections?```javascript // Dynamic imports for code splitting const LazyComponent = lazy(() => import(’./LazyComponent’));

// Route-based splitting const routes = [ { path: ‘/home’, component: lazy(() => import(’./pages/Home’)) }, { path: ‘/about’, component: lazy(() => import(’./pages/About’)) } ];


### Optimization Configuration
```javascript
// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  build: {
    rollupOptions: {
      output: {
        manualChunks: {
          vendor: ['react', 'react-dom'],
          router: ['react-router-dom'],
          ui: ['@mui/material', '@mui/icons-material']
        }
      }
    }
  },
  
  optimizeDeps: {
    include: ['react', 'react-dom'],
    exclude: ['@vite/client', '@vite/env']
  }
});

Performance Monitoring

// Performance monitoring script
function measurePerformance() {
  // Measure bundle size
  const bundleSize = performance.getEntriesByType('navigation')[0].transferSize;
  
  // Measure load time
  const loadTime = performance.timing.loadEventEnd - performance.timing.navigationStart;
  
  // Send metrics to analytics
  analytics.track('performance', {
    bundleSize,
    loadTime,
    userAgent: navigator.userAgent
  });
}

window.addEventListener('load', measurePerformance);

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Port Already in Use

# Find process using port
lsof -ti:3000

# Kill process
kill -9 $(lsof -ti:3000)

# Use different port
npm run dev -- --port 3001

Module Resolution Issues

// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  resolve: {
    alias: {
      '@': path.resolve(__dirname, './src')
    },
    extensions: ['.js', '.ts', '.jsx', '.tsx', '.vue']
  }
});

Build Errors

# Clear cache
rm -rf node_modules/.vite

# Reinstall dependencies
rm -rf node_modules package-lock.json
npm install

# Force rebuild
npm run build -- --force

Memory Issues

# Increase Node.js memory limit
export NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096"

# Or in package.json
{
  "scripts": {
    "build": "NODE_OPTIONS='--max-old-space-size=4096' vite build"
  }
}

Debug Mode

# Enable debug logging
DEBUG=vite:* npm run dev

# Specific debug categories
DEBUG=vite:deps npm run dev
DEBUG=vite:hmr npm run dev
DEBUG=vite:config npm run dev

Performance Debugging

// vite.config.js
export default defineConfig({
  server: {
    hmr: {
      overlay: false
    }
  },
  
  build: {
    sourcemap: true,
    rollupOptions: {
      onwarn(warning, warn) {
        // Suppress specific warnings
        if (warning.code === 'MODULE_LEVEL_DIRECTIVE') return;
        warn(warning);
      }
    }
  }
});

Best Practices