Jupyter Notebook
"Clase de la hoja"
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■/div titulada
Atajos y flujos de trabajo para la ciencia de datos y el cálculo interactivo.
Navegación básica
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
Enter |
Command |
Enter Edit Mode |
Esc |
Edit |
Enter Command Mode |
Shift+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell and Select Below |
Ctrl+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell |
Alt+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell and Insert Below |
↑/↓ |
Command |
Select Cell Above/Below |
A |
Command |
Insert Cell Above |
B |
Command |
Insert Cell Below |
X |
Command |
Cut Cell |
C |
Command |
Copy Cell |
V |
Command |
Paste Cell Below |
Shift+V |
Command |
Paste Cell Above |
DD |
Command |
Delete Cell |
Z |
Command |
Undo Cell Deletion |
Operaciones celulares
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
M |
Command |
Change to Markdown Cell |
Y |
Command |
Change to Code Cell |
R |
Command |
Change to Raw Cell |
1-6 |
Command |
Change to Heading 1-6 |
Shift+M |
Command |
Merge Selected Cells |
Ctrl+Shift+- |
Edit |
Split Cell at Cursor |
Shift+J/K |
Command |
Extend Selection Below/Above |
Shift+↑/↓ |
Command |
Extend Selection |
Edición del Código
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
Tab |
Edit |
Code Completion or Indent |
Shift+Tab |
Edit |
Tooltip |
Ctrl+] |
Edit |
Indent |
Ctrl+[ |
Edit |
Dedent |
Ctrl+A |
Edit |
Select All |
Ctrl+Z |
Edit |
Undo |
Ctrl+Shift+Z |
Edit |
Redo |
Ctrl+Y |
Edit |
Redo |
Ctrl+Home |
Edit |
Go to Cell Start |
Ctrl+End |
Edit |
Go to Cell End |
Ctrl+Left/Right |
Edit |
Go Left/Right One Word |
Ctrl+Backspace |
Edit |
Delete Word Before |
Ctrl+Delete |
Edit |
Delete Word After |
Código de ejecución
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
Shift+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell, Select Below |
Ctrl+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell |
Alt+Enter |
Both |
Run Cell, Insert Below |
Ctrl+K |
Command |
Interrupt Kernel |
0,0 |
Command |
Restart Kernel |
Shift+L |
Command |
Toggle Line Numbers |
Shift+O |
Command |
Toggle Output |
Operaciones de archivo
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
Ctrl+S |
Both |
Save and Checkpoint |
Ctrl+Shift+S |
Command |
Save As |
Ctrl+O |
Command |
Open |
Ctrl+N |
Command |
New Notebook |
Ctrl+Shift+P |
Command |
Command Palette |
Vista y diseño
Shortcut |
Mode |
Description |
Shift+Space |
Command |
Scroll Up |
Space |
Command |
Scroll Down |
Ctrl+Shift+L |
Command |
Toggle All Line Numbers |
F |
Command |
Find and Replace |
O |
Command |
Toggle Output |
Shift+O |
Command |
Toggle Output Scrolling |
Mandamientos mágicos
Command |
Description |
%run script.py |
Run Python script |
%load script.py |
Load script into cell |
%who |
List variables |
%whos |
List variables with details |
%time statement |
Time execution of statement |
%timeit statement |
Time execution multiple times |
%matplotlib inline |
Enable inline plots |
%pwd |
Print working directory |
%cd directory |
Change directory |
%ls |
List directory contents |
%history |
Show command history |
%reset |
Reset namespace |
%debug |
Enter debugger |
%pdb on/off |
Toggle automatic debugger |
Comandos Mágicos Celulares
Command |
Description |
%%time |
Time execution of entire cell |
%%timeit |
Time execution of cell multiple times |
%%bash |
Run cell as bash script |
%%html |
Render cell as HTML |
%%javascript |
Run cell as JavaScript |
%%latex |
Render cell as LaTeX |
%%markdown |
Render cell as Markdown |
%%python2 |
Run cell with Python 2 |
%%python3 |
Run cell with Python 3 |
%%writefile filename |
Write cell contents to file |
Data Science Workflows
Carga de datos y exploración
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
# Load data
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
# Quick exploration
df.head()
df.info()
df.describe()
df.shape
Visualización de datos
# Matplotlib inline
%matplotlib inline
# Basic plots
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.title('Title')
plt.xlabel('X Label')
plt.ylabel('Y Label')
plt.show()
# Seaborn plots
sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='col1', y='col2')
sns.heatmap(df.corr(), annot=True)
Pipeline de aprendizaje automático
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
# Prepare data
X = df[['feature1', 'feature2']]
y = df['target']
# Split data
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2)
# Train model
model = LinearRegression()
model.fit(X_train, y_train)
# Evaluate
predictions = model.predict(X_test)
mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, predictions)
# Header 1
## Header 2
### Header 3
#### Header 4
##### Header 5
###### Header 6
Formato de texto
**Bold text**
*Italic text*
`Code text`
~~Strikethrough~~
Listas
- Unordered list item 1
- Unordered list item 2
1. Ordered list item 1
2. Ordered list item 2
Enlaces e imágenes
[Link text](URL)

Cuadros
|Column 1|Column 2|Column 3|
|----------|----------|----------|
|Row 1|Data|Data|
|Row 2|Data|Data|
Matemáticas (LaTeX)
Inline math: $E = mc^2$
Block math:
$\int_\\\\{-\infty\\\\}^\\\\{\infty\\\\} e^\\\\{-x^2\\\\} dx = \sqrt\\\\{\pi\\\\}$
Buenas prácticas
Code Organization
- Use nombres variables significativos
- Agregar comentarios y documentos
- Rompe operaciones complejas en múltiples células
- Funciones de uso para operaciones repetidas
- Importar bibliotecas en la parte superior
Análisis de datos
- Carga de datos: Importación y exploración inicial
- ** Limpieza de datos**: Manija los valores perdidos, los outliers
- Análisis de datos explicativos: Visualizaciones y estadísticas
- Ingeniería de alimentación: Crear nuevas características
- Modelos: Entrenar y evaluar modelos
- Resultados: Interpretar y visualizar resultados
Consejos de rendimiento
- Utilizar operaciones vectoriales con NumPy/Pandas
- Evite los bucles cuando sea posible
- Utilizar tipos de datos apropiados
- Producción clara de células grandes
- Reinicie el núcleo periódicamente
Documentación
- Use células de marcado para explicaciones
- Hipótesis y decisiones de los documentos
- Incluir información de la fuente de datos
- Agregar conclusiones y próximos pasos
- Use cabeceras de sección claras