Alacritty - Terminal Acelerado por GPU¶

Referencia definitiva de Alacritty para rendimiento, configuración y productividad en modo Vi

Alacritty es un emulador de terminal increíblemente rápido, acelerado por GPU y escrito en Rust. Diseñado con rendimiento y simplicidad en mente, Alacritty se enfoca en hacer una cosa excepcionalmente bien: proporcionar la experiencia de terminal más rápida posible. A diferencia de los terminales con muchas funciones, Alacritty delega la gestión de ventanas, pestañas y multiplexación a herramientas externas, lo que le permite lograr una velocidad y eficiencia sin precedentes. Esta guía completa cubre atajos esenciales, opciones de configuración y características del modo Vi para maximizar tu productividad con Alacritty.

Primeros Pasos¶

Instalación¶

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macOS (Homebrew)¶

brew install --cask alacritty

macOS (MacPorts)¶

sudo port install alacritty

Ubuntu/Debian¶

sudo apt install alacritty

Fedora/RHEL¶

sudo dnf install alacritty

Arch Linux¶

sudo pacman -S alacritty

From source (Rust required)¶

git clone https://github.com/alacritty/alacritty.git cd alacritty cargo build --release

### Configuration Setup

```bash
# Create config directory
mkdir -p ~/.config/alacritty

# Create configuration file
touch ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml

# Alternative config locations
# macOS: ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml
# Linux: ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml
# Windows: %APPDATA%\alacritty\alacritty.toml

Default Keyboard Shortcuts¶

Basic Operations¶

# Copy/Paste
Ctrl+Shift+C                             # Copy selection
Ctrl+Shift+V                             # Paste from clipboard
Ctrl+Shift+X                             # Copy and clear selection

# Clear screen
Ctrl+L                                   # Clear screen (shell command)

# Font size adjustment
Ctrl+Plus                                # Increase font size
Ctrl+Minus                               # Decrease font size
Ctrl+0                                   # Reset font size to default

Scrolling¶

# Page scrolling
Shift+PageUp                             # Scroll page up
Shift+PageDown                           # Scroll page down

# Line scrolling
Shift+Up                                 # Scroll line up
Shift+Down                               # Scroll line down

# Scroll to extremes
Shift+Home                               # Scroll to top
Shift+End                                # Scroll to bottom

Vi Mode¶

# Toggle Vi mode
Ctrl+Shift+Space                         # Enter/exit Vi mode

# Navigation in Vi mode
h, j, k, l                               # Left, down, up, right
w, b                                     # Word forward/backward
0, $                                     # Line start/end
g, G                                     # Buffer start/end
Ctrl+F, Ctrl+B                          # Page forward/backward
Ctrl+U, Ctrl+D                          # Half page up/down

# Selection in Vi mode
v                                        # Start normal selection
V                                        # Start line selection
Ctrl+V                                   # Start block selection
y                                        # Copy selection
Escape                                   # Clear selection

# Search in Vi mode
/                                        # Search forward
?                                        # Search backward
n                                        # Next search result
N                                        # Previous search result

Configuration¶

Basic Configuration (alacritty.toml)¶

# Window settings
[window]
opacity = 0.9
decorations = "full"
startup_mode = "Windowed"
dynamic_title = true

# Font configuration
[font]
size = 14.0

[font.normal]
family = "JetBrains Mono"
style = "Regular"

[font.bold]
family = "JetBrains Mono"
style = "Bold"

[font.italic]
family = "JetBrains Mono"
style = "Italic"

# Colors (example: One Dark theme)
[colors.primary]
background = "#1e2127"
foreground = "#abb2bf"

[colors.normal]
black = "#1e2127"
red = "#e06c75"
green = "#98c379"
yellow = "#d19a66"
blue = "#61afef"
magenta = "#c678dd"
cyan = "#56b6c2"
white = "#abb2bf"

[colors.bright]
black = "#5c6370"
red = "#e06c75"
green = "#98c379"
yellow = "#d19a66"
blue = "#61afef"
magenta = "#c678dd"
cyan = "#56b6c2"
white = "#ffffff"

# Cursor settings
[cursor]
style = "Block"
unfocused_hollow = true

# Scrolling
[scrolling]
history = 10000
multiplier = 3

# Bell
[bell]
animation = "EaseOutExpo"
duration = 0

Advanced Configuration¶

# Environment variables
[env]
TERM = "alacritty"
WINIT_X11_SCALE_FACTOR = "1.0"

# Shell configuration
[shell]
program = "/bin/zsh"
args = ["--login"]

# Working directory
working_directory = "/home/user"

# Live config reload
live_config_reload = true

# Alt as Esc
alt_send_esc = true

# Mouse settings
[mouse]
hide_when_typing = true

[mouse.double_click]
threshold = 300

[mouse.triple_click]
threshold = 300

# Selection
[selection]
semantic_escape_chars = ",│`|:\"' ()[]\\{\\}<>"
save_to_clipboard = true

# Debug settings
[debug]
render_timer = false
persistent_logging = false
log_level = "Warn"
print_events = false

Custom Key Bindings¶

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "N"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "SpawnNewInstance"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "F"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "SearchForward"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "B"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "SearchBackward"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "C"
mods = "Control|Shift"
mode = "Vi"
action = "ClearSelection"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "I"
mode = "Vi"
action = "ScrollToBottom"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "I"
mode = "Vi"
action = "ToggleViMode"

# Custom commands
[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "T"
mods = "Control|Shift"
command = \\{ program = "tmux", args = ["new-window"] \\}

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Return"
mods = "Control|Shift"
command = \\{ program = "alacritty", args = ["--working-directory", "/tmp"] \\}

Vi Mode Features¶

Entering Vi Mode¶

# Default binding
Ctrl+Shift+Space                         # Toggle Vi mode

# Custom binding example
[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Space"
mods = "Control"
action = "ToggleViMode"

# Character movement
h                                        # Move left
j                                        # Move down
k                                        # Move up
l                                        # Move right

# Word movement
w                                        # Next word start
e                                        # Next word end
b                                        # Previous word start
ge                                       # Previous word end

# Line movement
0                                        # Line start
^                                        # First non-blank character
$                                        # Line end
g_                                       # Last non-blank character

# Screen movement
H                                        # Top of screen
M                                        # Middle of screen
L                                        # Bottom of screen

# Buffer movement
gg                                       # Buffer start
G                                        # Buffer end
Ctrl+F                                   # Page forward
Ctrl+B                                   # Page backward
Ctrl+U                                   # Half page up
Ctrl+D                                   # Half page down

Selection Commands¶

# Selection modes
v                                        # Normal selection
V                                        # Line selection
Ctrl+V                                   # Block selection
Alt+V                                    # Semantic selection

# Selection operations
y                                        # Copy selection
Escape                                   # Clear selection
Enter                                    # Open selection (URLs, files)

# Select text objects
iw                                       # Inner word
aw                                       # A word (including spaces)
i"                                       # Inside quotes
a"                                       # Around quotes
i(                                       # Inside parentheses
a(                                       # Around parentheses

Search Commands¶

# Search operations
/                                        # Search forward
?                                        # Search backward
n                                        # Next match
N                                        # Previous match

# Search modifiers
/pattern\c                               # Case insensitive search
/\<word\>                                # Whole word search

Color Schemes¶

Popular Color Schemes¶

# Dracula theme
[colors.primary]
background = "#282a36"
foreground = "#f8f8f2"

[colors.normal]
black = "#000000"
red = "#ff5555"
green = "#50fa7b"
yellow = "#f1fa8c"
blue = "#bd93f9"
magenta = "#ff79c6"
cyan = "#8be9fd"
white = "#bfbfbf"

# Solarized Dark
[colors.primary]
background = "#002b36"
foreground = "#839496"

[colors.normal]
black = "#073642"
red = "#dc322f"
green = "#859900"
yellow = "#b58900"
blue = "#268bd2"
magenta = "#d33682"
cyan = "#2aa198"
white = "#eee8d5"

# Monokai
[colors.primary]
background = "#272822"
foreground = "#f8f8f2"

[colors.normal]
black = "#272822"
red = "#f92672"
green = "#a6e22e"
yellow = "#f4bf75"
blue = "#66d9ef"
magenta = "#ae81ff"
cyan = "#a1efe4"
white = "#f8f8f2"

Dynamic Color Switching¶

# Using alacritty-colorscheme tool
cargo install alacritty-colorscheme

# Apply theme
alacritty-colorscheme -a dracula

# List available themes
alacritty-colorscheme -l

# Toggle between themes
alacritty-colorscheme -t

Performance Optimization¶

GPU Acceleration¶

# Renderer settings
[renderer]
backend = "glsl3"  # or "gles2" for older systems

# Performance settings
[window]
dynamic_padding = false

[scrolling]
faux_multiplier = 3

# Disable unnecessary features for performance
[debug]
render_timer = false

Memory Management¶

# Scrollback buffer
[scrolling]
history = 5000  # Reduce for lower memory usage

# Font settings for performance
[font]
use_thin_strokes = true  # macOS only

Integration with External Tools¶

Tmux Integration¶

# Tmux-aware key bindings
[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "H"
mods = "Control"
chars = "\u0002h"  # Tmux prefix + h

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "J"
mods = "Control"
chars = "\u0002j"  # Tmux prefix + j

# Tmux configuration for Alacritty
# In ~/.tmux.conf
set -g default-terminal "alacritty"
set -ga terminal-overrides ",alacritty:Tc"

Shell Integration¶

# Zsh integration
# In ~/.zshrc
if [[ "$TERM" == "alacritty" ]]; then
    # Alacritty-specific settings
    export TERM_PROGRAM="alacritty"
fi

# Fish integration
# In ~/.config/fish/config.fish
if test "$TERM" = "alacritty"
    # Alacritty-specific settings
    set -x TERM_PROGRAM alacritty
end

Window Manager Integration¶

```bash

i3 window manager¶

In ~/.config/i3/config¶

bindsym $mod+Return exec alacritty bindsym $mod+Shift+Return exec alacritty --working-directory /tmp

Sway window manager¶

In ~/.config/sway/config¶

bindsym $mod+Return exec alacritty bindsym $mod+Shift+Return exec alacritty --working-directory /tmp ```## Opciones de Línea de Comandos

Uso Básico¶

```bash

Start Alacritty¶

alacritty

Specify config file¶

alacritty --config-file /path/to/config.toml

Set working directory¶

alacritty --working-directory /path/to/dir

Execute command¶

alacritty -e vim file.txt

Set title¶

alacritty --title "My Terminal"

Set class (X11)¶

alacritty --class MyClass

Fullscreen¶

alacritty --option window.startup_mode=Fullscreen ### Opciones Avanzadasbash

Override config options¶

alacritty --option font.size=16 alacritty --option colors.primary.background="#000000"

Multiple overrides¶

alacritty \ --option font.size=14 \ --option window.opacity=0.8 \ --option colors.primary.background="#1e1e1e"

Print available options¶

alacritty --print-events

Version information¶

alacritty --version

Help¶

alacritty --help ```## Resolución de Problemas

Problemas Comunes¶

```bash

Font rendering issues¶

Try different font families¶

[font.normal] family = "DejaVu Sans Mono" # Fallback font

Performance issues¶

Disable GPU acceleration¶

[renderer] backend = "gles2"

Color issues¶

Check terminal capabilities¶

echo $TERM infocmp alacritty

Key binding conflicts¶

Test with minimal config¶

alacritty --config-file /dev/null ### Modo de Depuracióntoml

Enable debug logging¶

[debug] log_level = "Debug" persistent_logging = true print_events = true

Log file locations¶

Linux: ~/.cache/alacritty/alacritty.log¶

macOS: ~/Library/Caches/alacritty/alacritty.log¶

Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\alacritty\alacritty.log¶

### Validación de Configuraciónbash

Test configuration¶

alacritty --config-file ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml --print-events

Validate TOML syntax¶

Use online TOML validators or:¶

python3 -c "import toml; toml.load('~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml')" ```## Consejos y Mejores Prácticas

Consejos de Rendimiento¶

```bash

Optimal settings for performance¶

[scrolling] history = 5000 # Reasonable scrollback multiplier = 3 # Smooth scrolling

[font] size = 12.0 # Smaller fonts are faster

[window] dynamic_padding = false # Disable for performance ### Integración de Flujo de Trabajobash

Use with terminal multiplexers¶

Tmux for session management¶

Screen for simple multiplexing¶

Combine with window managers¶

i3, sway, or dwm for tiling¶

Use Alacritty as default terminal¶

Shell configuration¶

Optimize shell startup time¶

Use fast prompts (starship, pure)¶

### Consejos de Personalizaciónbash

Theme switching script¶

!/bin/bash¶

THEME_DIR="~/.config/alacritty/themes" CURRENT_THEME=$(readlink ~/.config/alacritty/current-theme.toml)

case "$1" in "dark") ln -sf "$THEME_DIR/dark.toml" ~/.config/alacritty/current-theme.toml ;; "light") ln -sf "$THEME_DIR/light.toml" ~/.config/alacritty/current-theme.toml ;; esac

Include in main config¶

import = ["~/.config/alacritty/current-theme.toml"] ### Consideraciones de Seguridadbash

Secure configuration¶

Set appropriate file permissions¶

chmod 600 ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml

Avoid storing sensitive data in config¶

Use environment variables instead¶

Regular updates¶

Keep Alacritty updated for security patches¶

```El enfoque de Alacritty en el rendimiento y la simplicidad lo convierte en una excelente opción para usuarios que priorizan la velocidad y la eficiencia sobre las características integradas. Su aceleración por GPU, extensas opciones de personalización y modo Vi proporcionan una base sólida para un flujo de trabajo de terminal altamente optimizado. Al aprovechar herramientas externas para la gestión de ventanas y multiplexación, Alacritty logra su objetivo de ser el emulador de terminal más rápido disponible mientras mantiene la flexibilidad necesaria para el trabajo de desarrollo profesional.

Alacritty - Terminal Acelerado por GPU¶

Primeros Pasos¶

Instalación¶

macOS (Homebrew)¶

macOS (MacPorts)¶

Ubuntu/Debian¶

Fedora/RHEL¶

Arch Linux¶

From source (Rust required)¶

Default Keyboard Shortcuts¶

Basic Operations¶

Scrolling¶

Vi Mode¶

Configuration¶

Basic Configuration (alacritty.toml)¶

Advanced Configuration¶

Custom Key Bindings¶

Vi Mode Features¶

Entering Vi Mode¶

Navigation Commands¶

Selection Commands¶

Search Commands¶

Color Schemes¶

Popular Color Schemes¶

Dynamic Color Switching¶

Performance Optimization¶

GPU Acceleration¶

Memory Management¶

Integration with External Tools¶

Tmux Integration¶

Shell Integration¶

Window Manager Integration¶

i3 window manager¶

In ~/.config/i3/config¶

Sway window manager¶

In ~/.config/sway/config¶

Uso Básico¶

Start Alacritty¶

Specify config file¶

Set working directory¶

Execute command¶

Set title¶

Set class (X11)¶

Fullscreen¶

Override config options¶

Multiple overrides¶

Print available options¶

Version information¶

Help¶

Problemas Comunes¶

Font rendering issues¶

Try different font families¶

Performance issues¶

Disable GPU acceleration¶

Color issues¶

Check terminal capabilities¶

Key binding conflicts¶

Test with minimal config¶

Enable debug logging¶

Log file locations¶

Linux: ~/.cache/alacritty/alacritty.log¶

macOS: ~/Library/Caches/alacritty/alacritty.log¶

Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\alacritty\alacritty.log¶

Test configuration¶

Validate TOML syntax¶

Use online TOML validators or:¶

Consejos de Rendimiento¶

Optimal settings for performance¶

Use with terminal multiplexers¶

Tmux for session management¶

Screen for simple multiplexing¶

Combine with window managers¶

i3, sway, or dwm for tiling¶

Use Alacritty as default terminal¶

Shell configuration¶

Optimize shell startup time¶

Use fast prompts (starship, pure)¶

Theme switching script¶

!/bin/bash¶

Include in main config¶