Emacs Spickzettel¶

Überblick¶

GNU Emacs ist ein erweiterbarer, anpassbarer, freier Text-Editor — und mehr. Sein Kern ist ein Interpreter für Emacs Lisp, eine Dialekt der Lisp-Programmiersprache mit Erweiterungen zur Textbearbeitung.

Grundlegende Konzepte¶

Tastenkürzel-Notation¶

Would you like me to continue with the remaining sections? I noticed that some sections (2-20) were left blank. Would you like me to:C-x # Ctrl + x M-x # Alt + x (or Esc then x) C-M-x # Ctrl + Alt + x S-x # Shift + xLeave those sections blankBuffer # Text being edited (file content) Window # View of a buffer Frame # Emacs window (what other apps call window) Point # Cursor position Mark # Saved position for region selection Region # Text between point and mark Kill # Cut (delete and save to kill ring) Yank # Paste (from kill ring)Provide placeholder translationsC-f # Forward character C-b # Backward character C-n # Next line C-p # Previous line C-a # Beginning of line C-e # End of line M-f # Forward word M-b # Backward word M-a # Beginning of sentence M-e # End of sentence C-v # Page down M-v # Page up M-< # Beginning of buffer M-> # End of buffer M-g g # Go to line numberWait for you to provide the specific text to translate

Please advise how you'd like me to proceed.``` C-M-f # Forward s-expression C-M-b # Backward s-expression C-M-a # Beginning of function C-M-e # End of function C-M-v # Scroll other window down C-M-S-v # Scroll other window up

## File Operations

### File Management

C-x C-f # Find file (open) C-x C-s # Save file C-x C-w # Write file (save as) C-x C-c # Exit Emacs C-x C-v # Visit file (replace current buffer) C-x i # Insert file C-x C-r # Read file (read-only)

### Buffer Management

C-x b # Switch buffer C-x C-b # List buffers C-x k # Kill buffer C-x C-q # Toggle read-only mode C-x C-z # Suspend Emacs

## Editing Commands

### Basic Editing

C-d # Delete character forward DEL # Delete character backward M-d # Kill word forward M-DEL # Kill word backward C-k # Kill line (from point to end) C-S-backspace # Kill entire line C-w # Kill region M-w # Copy region C-y # Yank (paste) M-y # Yank pop (cycle through kill ring) C-/ # Undo C-g # Quit/cancel command

### Advanced Editing

C-t # Transpose characters M-t # Transpose words C-x C-t # Transpose lines M-u # Uppercase word M-l # Lowercase word M-c # Capitalize word C-x C-u # Uppercase region C-x C-l # Lowercase region

## Search and Replace

### Search

C-s # Incremental search forward C-r # Incremental search backward C-M-s # Regex search forward C-M-r # Regex search backward M-s w # Word search M-s . # Symbol search

### Replace

M-% # Query replace C-M-% # Query replace regex M-x replace-string # Replace all occurrences M-x replace-regexp # Replace all regex matches

### Search and Replace Keys (during query replace)

y # Replace this occurrence n # Skip this occurrence ! # Replace all remaining q # Quit . # Replace this and quit ^ # Go back to previous

## Windows and Frames

### Window Management

C-x 2 # Split window horizontally C-x 3 # Split window vertically C-x 1 # Delete other windows C-x 0 # Delete current window C-x o # Switch to other window C-x ^ # Enlarge window vertically C-x \\} # Enlarge window horizontally C-x \\{ # Shrink window horizontally

### Frame Management

C-x 5 2 # Create new frame C-x 5 0 # Delete current frame C-x 5 1 # Delete other frames C-x 5 o # Switch to other frame C-x 5 f # Find file in new frame

## Regions and Marks

### Mark and Region

C-SPC # Set mark C-x C-x # Exchange point and mark C-u C-SPC # Jump to previous mark M-h # Mark paragraph C-x h # Mark whole buffer C-M-h # Mark function

### Rectangle Operations

C-x r k # Kill rectangle C-x r y # Yank rectangle C-x r o # Open rectangle C-x r c # Clear rectangle C-x r t # String rectangle (replace with text)

## Help System

### Getting Help

C-h ? # Help on help C-h k # Describe key C-h f # Describe function C-h v # Describe variable C-h m # Describe mode C-h b # Show key bindings C-h a # Apropos (search commands) C-h i # Info browser C-h t # Tutorial

### Info System

C-h i # Enter Info SPC # Scroll forward DEL # Scroll backward n # Next node p # Previous node u # Up node m # Menu item f # Follow reference l # Last node q # Quit Info

## Modes

### Major Modes

M-x text-mode # Text mode M-x fundamental-mode # Fundamental mode M-x lisp-mode # Lisp mode M-x python-mode # Python mode M-x c-mode # C mode M-x html-mode # HTML mode M-x org-mode # Org mode

### Minor Modes

M-x auto-fill-mode # Auto-fill mode M-x flyspell-mode # Spell checking M-x linum-mode # Line numbers M-x whitespace-mode # Show whitespace M-x hl-line-mode # Highlight current line

## Customization

### Basic Configuration (.emacs or init.el)
```elisp
;; Basic settings
(setq inhibit-startup-message t)
(setq make-backup-files nil)
(setq auto-save-default nil)

;; UI improvements
(menu-bar-mode -1)
(tool-bar-mode -1)
(scroll-bar-mode -1)
(global-linum-mode 1)
(show-paren-mode 1)

;; Indentation
(setq-default indent-tabs-mode nil)
(setq-default tab-width 4)

;; Key bindings
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x g") 'goto-line)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c c") 'comment-region)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c u") 'uncomment-region)

;; Theme
(load-theme 'wombat t)

Package Management¶

;; Package repositories
(require 'package)
(add-to-list 'package-archives
             '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
(package-initialize)

;; Install packages
(unless (package-installed-p 'use-package)
  (package-refresh-contents)
  (package-install 'use-package))

;; Use-package examples
(use-package magit
  :ensure t
  :bind ("C-x g" . magit-status))

(use-package company
  :ensure t
  :config
  (global-company-mode))

Org Mode¶

Basic Org Mode¶

* Heading 1
** Heading 2
*** Heading 3

- List item
  - Sub item
1. Numbered list
2. Second item

*bold* /italic/ _underlined_ =code= ~verbatim~

[[link][description]]
[[file:path/to/file.txt]]
[[https://example.com]]

Org Mode Commands¶

TAB     # Cycle visibility
S-TAB   # Global cycle visibility
C-c C-t # Toggle TODO state
C-c C-s # Schedule item
C-c C-d # Set deadline
C-c a   # Agenda
C-c c   # Capture
C-c C-e # Export

TODO Keywords¶

#+TODO: TODO IN-PROGRESS|DONE CANCELLED

* TODO Learn Emacs
* IN-PROGRESS Write documentation
* DONE Install Emacs
* CANCELLED Old project

Dired (Directory Editor)¶

Dired Commands¶

C-x d   # Open Dired
RET     # Open file/directory
^       # Go to parent directory
g       # Refresh
m       # Mark file
u       # Unmark file
U       # Unmark all
d       # Mark for deletion
x       # Execute deletions
C       # Copy file
R       # Rename/move file
D       # Delete file
+       # Create directory

Dired Marking¶

m       # Mark file
u       # Unmark file
t       # Toggle marks
* s     # Mark all
* %     # Mark by regex
* .     # Mark by extension
U       # Unmark all

Programming Features¶

M-.     # Find definition
M-,     # Return from definition
C-M-f   # Forward s-expression
C-M-b   # Backward s-expression
C-M-u   # Up list
C-M-d   # Down list

Code Editing¶

C-M-\   # Indent region
C-c C-c # Comment region
M-;     # Comment/uncomment line
C-x r t # Rectangle text (column editing)

Compilation¶

M-x compile         # Compile
C-x `              # Next error
M-g n              # Next error
M-g p              # Previous error

Advanced Features¶

Macros¶

C-x (   # Start macro recording
C-x )   # End macro recording
C-x e   # Execute macro
C-u C-x ( # Start macro with prefix
M-x name-last-kbd-macro # Name macro
M-x insert-kbd-macro    # Insert macro into buffer

Registers¶

C-x r s # Save region to register
C-x r i # Insert register contents
C-x r SPC # Save point to register
C-x r j # Jump to register

Bookmarks¶

C-x r m # Set bookmark
C-x r b # Jump to bookmark
C-x r l # List bookmarks

Version Control¶

C-x v v # Version control next action
C-x v = # Show diff
C-x v l # Show log
C-x v ~ # Show specific version
C-x v g # Annotate (blame)

Shell and Terminal¶

Shell Commands¶

M-!     # Shell command
M-|# Shell command on region
C-u M-! # Insert shell command output
M-x shell           # Start shell
M-x eshell          # Start Eshell
M-x term            # Start terminal

Eshell Commands¶

cd      # Change directory
ls      # List files
pwd     # Print working directory
clear   # Clear screen
exit    # Exit Eshell

Useful Packages¶

Popular Packages¶

;; Ivy/Counsel/Swiper - completion framework
(use-package ivy
  :ensure t
  :config (ivy-mode 1))

;; Magit - Git interface
(use-package magit
  :ensure t
  :bind ("C-x g" . magit-status))

;; Company - completion
(use-package company
  :ensure t
  :config (global-company-mode))

;; Projectile - project management
(use-package projectile
  :ensure t
  :config (projectile-mode))

;; Which-key - key binding help
(use-package which-key
  :ensure t
  :config (which-key-mode))

Troubleshooting¶

Common Issues¶

C-g     # Cancel current command
M-x recover-session    # Recover crashed session
M-x toggle-debug-on-error # Debug errors
M-x emacs-version      # Check version

Performance¶

;; Increase garbage collection threshold
(setq gc-cons-threshold 100000000)

;; Reduce startup time
(setq package-enable-at-startup nil)

;; Profile startup
(use-package esup
  :ensure t
  :commands esup)

Tips and Tricks¶

Productivity Tips¶

C-x z   # Repeat last command
C-u     # Universal argument (prefix)
M-x     # Execute command by name
C-h k   # Find out what a key does
C-h f   # Find out what a function does

Useful Commands¶

M-x occur # Show lines matching pattern M-x grep # Search files M-x rgrep # Recursive grep M-x find-name-dired # Find files by name M-x calendar # Calendar M-x calculator # Calculator## Ressourcen https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/gnu.org/software/emacs/manual https://www.emacswiki.org/emacswiki.org https://melpa.org/melpa.org C-h tinnerhalb von Emacs

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