btop - Moderner Ressourcen-Monitor¶
btop ist ein moderner, plattformübergreifender Ressourcen-Monitor, der die Nutzung und Statistiken für Prozessor, Arbeitsspeicher, Festplatten, Netzwerk und Prozesse anzeigt. Er wurde als Ersatz für htop mit erweiterten Funktionen und besserer visueller Darstellung entwickelt.
Installation¶
Ubuntu/Debian¶
# Install from package manager (Ubuntu 22.04+)
sudo apt update
sudo apt install btop
# Install from snap
sudo snap install btop
# Build from source
sudo apt install build-essential git cmake
git clone https://github.com/aristocratos/btop.git
cd btop
make
sudo make install
CentOS/RHEL/Fedora¶
# Fedora
sudo dnf install btop
# CentOS/RHEL (EPEL required)
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install btop
# Build from source
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum install git cmake gcc-c++
git clone https://github.com/aristocratos/btop.git
cd btop
make
sudo make install
macOS¶
# Using Homebrew
brew install btop
# Using MacPorts
sudo port install btop
# Build from source
git clone https://github.com/aristocratos/btop.git
cd btop
make
sudo make install
Arch Linux¶
FreeBSD¶
# Install from ports
sudo pkg install btop
# Build from ports
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/btop
sudo make install clean
Grundlegende Nutzung¶
btop starten¶
# Start btop with default settings
btop
# Start with specific theme
btop --theme Default
# Start in minimal mode
btop --minimal
# Start with specific update interval
btop --update 1000
# Start with debug logging
btop --debug
Befehlszeilenoptionen¶
# Display help
btop --help
btop -h
# Show version information
btop --version
btop -v
# Use specific configuration file
btop --config /path/to/config
# Start in low-color mode
btop --low-color
# Start with UTF-8 disabled
btop --no-unicode
# Start with specific log level
btop --loglevel INFO
Schnittstellennavigation¶
Tastenkombinationen¶
# General Navigation
q, Ctrl+c, Esc # Quit btop
h, F1 # Show help
+, - # Add/remove boxes
Tab # Toggle between CPU and memory graphs
Shift+Tab # Reverse toggle
# Process Control
k # Kill selected process
t # Tree view toggle
r # Reverse sorting order
c # Toggle command/name display
delete # Clear process search
/ # Start process search
n # Next search result
N # Previous search result
# View Controls
m # Toggle memory unit (KB, MB, GB)
d # Toggle disk unit display
n # Toggle network unit display
y # Toggle sync mode
z # Toggle zero values
a # Toggle auto-scaling graphs
g # Toggle GPU stats (if available)
# Process Sorting
F5, s # Sort by PID
F6, S # Sort by program name
F7, c # Sort by CPU usage
F8, m # Sort by memory usage
Maussteuerung¶
# Mouse Support (if enabled)
Mouse wheel # Scroll process list
Left click # Select process
Right click # Process context menu
Double click # Process details
Konfiguration¶
Speicherort der Konfigurationsdatei¶
# Linux
~/.config/btop/btop.conf
# macOS
~/Library/Application Support/btop/btop.conf
# Create default config
btop --create-config
Konfigurationsoptionen¶
# btop.conf example configuration
# Color theme
color_theme = "Default"
# Update rate in milliseconds
update_ms = 2000
# Process sorting
proc_sorting = "cpu lazy"
# Process tree view
proc_tree = false
# Process command display
proc_colors = true
proc_gradient = true
proc_per_core = false
# CPU settings
show_cpu_freq = true
cpu_graph_upper = "total"
cpu_graph_lower = "total"
cpu_invert_lower = true
cpu_single_graph = false
# Memory settings
show_swap = true
swap_disk = true
show_disks = true
only_physical = true
use_fstab = true
# Network settings
net_download = 100
net_upload = 100
net_auto = true
net_sync = false
net_color_fixed = false
# Display settings
shown_boxes = "cpu mem net proc"
update_check = true
background_update = true
custom_cpu_name = ""
disks_filter = ""
mem_graphs = true
show_gpu_info = false
# Interface settings
vim_keys = false
rounded_corners = true
graph_symbol = "braille"
graph_symbol_cpu = "default"
graph_symbol_mem = "default"
graph_symbol_net = "default"
graph_symbol_proc = "default"
shown_boxes = "cpu mem net proc"
proc_left = false
cpu_bottom = false
show_uptime = true
check_temp = true
show_coretemp = true
temp_scale = "celsius"
show_cpu_freq = true
Themes¶
# Available themes
Default
Default_light
Gruvbox_dark
Gruvbox_light
Monokai
Nord
Solarized_dark
Solarized_light
TTY
# Custom theme creation
mkdir -p ~/.config/btop/themes
cp /usr/share/btop/themes/Default.theme ~/.config/btop/themes/custom.theme
# Edit custom.theme with your colors
Erweiterte Funktionen¶
Prozessverwaltung¶
# Process filtering and searching
/ # Start search
Esc # Clear search
Enter # Confirm search
# Process tree view
t # Toggle tree view
+/- # Expand/collapse tree nodes
# Process details
Enter # Show detailed process info
i # Show process I/O stats
o # Show process open files
l # Show process limits
e # Show process environment
Systemüberwachung¶
# CPU monitoring
1-9 # Show individual CPU cores
0 # Show all CPU cores combined
Ctrl+L # Toggle CPU frequency display
# Memory monitoring
m # Cycle through memory units
Shift+M # Toggle memory graph type
# Disk monitoring
d # Toggle disk usage display
Shift+D # Toggle disk I/O stats
# Network monitoring
n # Toggle network interface display
Shift+N # Toggle network graph type
GPU-Überwachung (falls unterstützt)¶
# GPU stats (NVIDIA/AMD)
g # Toggle GPU information
Shift+G # Cycle GPU display modes
# GPU configuration in btop.conf
show_gpu_info = true
gpu_mirror_graph = true
check_gpu = true
Leistungsoptimierung¶
Ressourcennutzungseinstellungen¶
# Reduce update frequency for lower CPU usage
update_ms = 5000
# Disable expensive features
proc_tree = false
show_disks = false
check_temp = false
background_update = false
# Simplify display
graph_symbol = "block"
proc_gradient = false
rounded_corners = false
Arbeitsspeicher-Optimierung¶
# Run with minimal memory footprint
btop --minimal
# Disable background updates
btop --no-update
# Use simple graph symbols
# Set graph_symbol = "block" in config
Integration und Automatisierung¶
Scripting mit btop¶
#!/bin/bash
# Monitor system and log high CPU processes
btop --batch --iter 1|grep -E "CPU|MEM" > system_stats.log
# Export configuration
btop --print-config > btop_backup.conf
# Automated monitoring
while true; do
btop --batch --iter 1 --delay 60 >> monitoring.log
sleep 60
done
Fernüberwachung¶
Would you like me to continue with the remaining sections?```bash
SSH with btop¶
ssh user@remote-host btop
Screen/tmux session¶
screen -S monitoring btop tmux new-session -d -s monitoring btop
Watch mode for continuous monitoring¶
watch -n 5 'btop --batch --iter 1'
### Protokollanalysebash
Capture btop output¶
btop --batch --iter 10 > system_snapshot.txt
Parse CPU usage¶
btop --batch --iter 1|grep "CPU"|awk '\\{print $2\\}'
Monitor specific process¶
btop --batch|grep "process_name"
## Fehlerbehebungbash
Permission issues¶
sudo btop # Run with elevated privileges
Terminal compatibility¶
export TERM=xterm-256color # Set terminal type btop --no-unicode # Disable Unicode characters btop --low-color # Use basic colors
Performance issues¶
btop --minimal # Minimal interface
btop --update 5000 # Slower updates
### Debug-Modusbash
Enable debug logging¶
btop --debug --loglevel DEBUG
Check log files¶
tail -f ~/.config/btop/btop.log
Test configuration¶
btop --config /dev/null # Run without config
btop --create-config # Recreate default config
### Systemkompatibilitätbash
Check system requirements¶
uname -a # System information echo $TERM # Terminal type locale # Locale settings
Test terminal capabilities¶
tput colors # Color support
tput cols; tput lines # Terminal dimensions
## Vergleich mit anderen Toolsbash
btop advantages¶
- Modern C++ codebase
- Better visual design
- GPU monitoring support
- More detailed process information
- Cross-platform consistency
- Active development
htop advantages¶
- Lower resource usage
- Wider distribution availability
- More mature and stable
- Simpler configuration
### btop vs htopbash
btop advantages¶
- Interactive interface
- Real-time graphs
- Mouse support
- Process tree view
- Better process management
- Modern terminal features
top advantages¶
- Universal availability
- Lower resource usage
- Scriptable output
- Minimal dependencies
### btop vs topini
Custom theme file: ~/.config/btop/themes/custom.theme¶
theme[main_bg]="#1e1e2e"
theme[main_fg]="#cdd6f4"
theme[title]="#f38ba8"
theme[hi_fg]="#89b4fa"
theme[selected_bg]="#45475a"
theme[selected_fg]="#cdd6f4"
theme[inactive_fg]="#6c7086"
theme[graph_text]="#f9e2af"
theme[meter_bg]="#313244"
theme[proc_misc]="#f5c2e7"
theme[cpu_box]="#89b4fa"
theme[mem_box]="#a6e3a1"
theme[net_box]="#fab387"
theme[proc_box]="#f38ba8"
theme[div_line]="#6c7086"
theme[temp_start]="#a6e3a1"
theme[temp_mid]="#f9e2af"
theme[temp_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[cpu_start]="#89b4fa"
theme[cpu_mid]="#cba6f7"
theme[cpu_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[free_start]="#a6e3a1"
theme[free_mid]="#f9e2af"
theme[free_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[cached_start]="#89b4fa"
theme[cached_mid]="#cba6f7"
theme[cached_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[available_start]="#a6e3a1"
theme[available_mid]="#f9e2af"
theme[available_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[used_start]="#f38ba8"
theme[used_mid]="#fab387"
theme[used_end]="#f9e2af"
theme[download_start]="#89b4fa"
theme[download_mid]="#cba6f7"
theme[download_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[upload_start]="#a6e3a1"
theme[upload_mid]="#f9e2af"
theme[upload_end]="#f38ba8"
theme[process_start]="#f38ba8"
theme[process_mid]="#fab387"
theme[process_end]="#f9e2af"
### Benutzerdefiniertes Farbschemaini
High-performance monitoring configuration¶
update_ms = 1000 proc_sorting = "cpu lazy" proc_tree = true proc_colors = true proc_gradient = true show_cpu_freq = true cpu_graph_upper = "total" cpu_graph_lower = "total" show_swap = true show_disks = true net_auto = true shown_boxes = "cpu mem net proc" graph_symbol = "braille" rounded_corners = true background_update = true check_temp = true show_uptime = true ```Diese umfassende btop-Cheatsheet deckt Installation, Konfiguration, Nutzung und erweiterte Funktionen ab. btop bietet moderne Systemüberwachungsfunktionen mit einer intuitiven Oberfläche für Echtzeit-Leistungsanalyse und Prozessverwaltung.
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