Systemd

📋 Copy All Commands 📄 Generate PDF

Comprehensive systemd commands and workflows for system administration across all platforms.

Basic Commands

Command	Description
systemd --version	Show systemd version
systemd --help	Display help information
systemd init	Initialize systemd in current directory
systemd status	Check current status
systemd list	List available options
systemd info	Display system information
systemd config	Show configuration settings
systemd update	Update to latest version
systemd start	Start systemd service
systemd stop	Stop systemd service
systemd restart	Restart systemd service
systemd reload	Reload configuration

Installation

Linux/Ubuntu

# Package manager installation
sudo apt update
sudo apt install systemd

# Alternative installation
wget https://github.com/example/systemd/releases/latest/download/systemd-linux
chmod +x systemd-linux
sudo mv systemd-linux /usr/local/bin/systemd

# Build from source
git clone https://github.com/example/systemd.git
cd systemd
make && sudo make install

macOS

# Homebrew installation
brew install systemd

# MacPorts installation
sudo port install systemd

# Manual installation
curl -L -o systemd https://github.com/example/systemd/releases/latest/download/systemd-macos
chmod +x systemd
sudo mv systemd /usr/local/bin/

Windows

# Chocolatey installation
choco install systemd

# Scoop installation
scoop install systemd

# Winget installation
winget install systemd

# Manual installation
# Download from https://github.com/example/systemd/releases
# Extract and add to PATH

Configuration

Command	Description
systemd config show	Display current configuration
systemd config list	List all configuration options
systemd config set <key> <value>	Set configuration value
systemd config get <key>	Get configuration value
systemd config unset <key>	Remove configuration value
systemd config reset	Reset to default configuration
systemd config validate	Validate configuration file
systemd config export	Export configuration to file

Advanced Operations

File Operations

# Create new file/resource
systemd create <name>

# Read file/resource
systemd read <name>

# Update existing file/resource
systemd update <name>

# Delete file/resource
systemd delete <name>

# Copy file/resource
systemd copy <source> <destination>

# Move file/resource
systemd move <source> <destination>

# List all files/resources
systemd list --all

# Search for files/resources
systemd search <pattern>

Network Operations

# Connect to remote host
systemd connect <host>:<port>

# Listen on specific port
systemd listen --port <port>

# Send data to target
systemd send --target <host> --data "<data>"

# Receive data from source
systemd receive --source <host>

# Test connectivity
systemd ping <host>

# Scan network range
systemd scan <network>

# Monitor network traffic
systemd monitor --interface <interface>

# Proxy connections
systemd proxy --listen <port> --target <host>:<port>

Process Management

# Start background process
systemd start --daemon

# Stop running process
systemd stop --force

# Restart with new configuration
systemd restart --config <file>

# Check process status
systemd status --verbose

# Monitor process performance
systemd monitor --metrics

# Kill all processes
systemd killall

# Show running processes
systemd ps

# Manage process priority
systemd priority --pid <pid> --level <level>

Security Features

Authentication

# Login with username/password
systemd login --user <username>

# Login with API key
systemd login --api-key <key>

# Login with certificate
systemd login --cert <cert_file>

# Logout current session
systemd logout

# Change password
systemd passwd

# Generate new API key
systemd generate-key --name <key_name>

# List active sessions
systemd sessions

# Revoke session
systemd revoke --session <session_id>

Encryption

# Encrypt file
systemd encrypt --input <file> --output <encrypted_file>

# Decrypt file
systemd decrypt --input <encrypted_file> --output <file>

# Generate encryption key
systemd keygen --type <type> --size <size>

# Sign file
systemd sign --input <file> --key <private_key>

# Verify signature
systemd verify --input <file> --signature <sig_file>

# Hash file
systemd hash --algorithm <algo> --input <file>

# Generate certificate
systemd cert generate --name <name> --days <days>

# Verify certificate
systemd cert verify --cert <cert_file>

Monitoring and Logging

System Monitoring

# Monitor system resources
systemd monitor --system

# Monitor specific process
systemd monitor --pid <pid>

# Monitor network activity
systemd monitor --network

# Monitor file changes
systemd monitor --files <directory>

# Real-time monitoring
systemd monitor --real-time --interval 1

# Generate monitoring report
systemd report --type monitoring --output <file>

# Set monitoring alerts
systemd alert --threshold <value> --action <action>

# View monitoring history
systemd history --type monitoring

Logging

# View logs
systemd logs

# View logs with filter
systemd logs --filter <pattern>

# Follow logs in real-time
systemd logs --follow

# Set log level
systemd logs --level <level>

# Rotate logs
systemd logs --rotate

# Export logs
systemd logs --export <file>

# Clear logs
systemd logs --clear

# Archive logs
systemd logs --archive <archive_file>

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Issue: Command not found

# Check if systemd is installed
which systemd
systemd --version

# Check PATH variable
echo $PATH

# Reinstall if necessary
sudo apt reinstall systemd
# or
brew reinstall systemd

Issue: Permission denied

# Run with elevated privileges
sudo systemd <command>

# Check file permissions
ls -la $(which systemd)

# Fix permissions
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/systemd

# Check ownership
sudo chown $USER:$USER /usr/local/bin/systemd

Issue: Configuration errors

# Validate configuration
systemd config validate

# Reset to default configuration
systemd config reset

# Check configuration file location
systemd config show --file

# Backup current configuration
systemd config export > backup.conf

# Restore from backup
systemd config import backup.conf

Issue: Service not starting

# Check service status
systemd status --detailed

# Check system logs
journalctl -u systemd

# Start in debug mode
systemd start --debug

# Check port availability
netstat -tulpn|grep <port>

# Kill conflicting processes
systemd killall --force

Debug Commands

Command	Description
systemd --debug	Enable debug output
systemd --verbose	Enable verbose logging
systemd --trace	Enable trace logging
systemd test	Run built-in tests
systemd doctor	Run system health check
systemd diagnose	Generate diagnostic report
systemd benchmark	Run performance benchmarks
systemd validate	Validate installation and configuration

Performance Optimization

Resource Management

# Set memory limit
systemd --max-memory 1G <command>

# Set CPU limit
systemd --max-cpu 2 <command>

# Enable caching
systemd --cache-enabled <command>

# Set cache size
systemd --cache-size 100M <command>

# Clear cache
systemd cache clear

# Show cache statistics
systemd cache stats

# Optimize performance
systemd optimize --profile <profile>

# Show performance metrics
systemd metrics

Parallel Processing

# Enable parallel processing
systemd --parallel <command>

# Set number of workers
systemd --workers 4 <command>

# Process in batches
systemd --batch-size 100 <command>

# Queue management
systemd queue add <item>
systemd queue process
systemd queue status
systemd queue clear

Integration

Scripting

#!/bin/bash
# Example script using systemd

set -euo pipefail

# Configuration
CONFIG_FILE="config.yaml"
LOG_FILE="systemd.log"

# Check if systemd is available
if ! command -v systemd &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Error: systemd is not installed" >&2
    exit 1
fi

# Function to log messages
log() \\\\{
    echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1"|tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
\\\\}

# Main operation
main() \\\\{
    log "Starting systemd operation"

    if systemd --config "$CONFIG_FILE" run; then
        log "Operation completed successfully"
        exit 0
    else
        log "Operation failed with exit code $?"
        exit 1
    fi
\\\\}

# Cleanup function
cleanup() \\\\{
    log "Cleaning up"
    systemd cleanup
\\\\}

# Set trap for cleanup
trap cleanup EXIT

# Run main function
main "$@"

API Integration

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Python wrapper for the tool
"""

import subprocess
import json
import logging
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Dict, List, Optional

class ToolWrapper:
    def __init__(self, config_file: Optional[str] = None):
        self.config_file = config_file
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

    def run_command(self, args: List[str]) -> Dict:
        """Run command and return parsed output"""
        cmd = ['tool_name']

        if self.config_file:
            cmd.extend(['--config', self.config_file])

        cmd.extend(args)

        try:
            result = subprocess.run(
                cmd,
                capture_output=True,
                text=True,
                check=True
            )
            return \\\\{'stdout': result.stdout, 'stderr': result.stderr\\\\}
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
            self.logger.error(f"Command failed: \\\\{e\\\\}")
            raise

    def status(self) -> Dict:
        """Get current status"""
        return self.run_command(['status'])

    def start(self) -> Dict:
        """Start service"""
        return self.run_command(['start'])

    def stop(self) -> Dict:
        """Stop service"""
        return self.run_command(['stop'])

# Example usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    wrapper = ToolWrapper()
    status = wrapper.status()
    print(json.dumps(status, indent=2))

Environment Variables

Variable	Description	Default
SYSTEMD_CONFIG	Configuration file path	~/.systemd/config.yaml
SYSTEMD_HOME	Home directory	~/.systemd
SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL	Logging level	INFO
SYSTEMD_LOG_FILE	Log file path	~/.systemd/logs/systemd.log
SYSTEMD_CACHE_DIR	Cache directory	~/.systemd/cache
SYSTEMD_DATA_DIR	Data directory	~/.systemd/data
SYSTEMD_TIMEOUT	Default timeout	30s
SYSTEMD_MAX_WORKERS	Maximum workers	4

Configuration File

# ~/.systemd/config.yaml
version: "1.0"

# General settings
settings:
  debug: false
  verbose: false
  log_level: "INFO"
  log_file: "~/.systemd/logs/systemd.log"
  timeout: 30
  max_workers: 4

# Network configuration
network:
  host: "localhost"
  port: 8080
  ssl: true
  timeout: 30
  retries: 3

# Security settings
security:
  auth_required: true
  api_key: ""
  encryption: "AES256"
  verify_ssl: true

# Performance settings
performance:
  cache_enabled: true
  cache_size: "100M"
  cache_dir: "~/.systemd/cache"
  max_memory: "1G"

# Monitoring settings
monitoring:
  enabled: true
  interval: 60
  metrics_enabled: true
  alerts_enabled: true

Examples

Basic Workflow

# 1. Initialize systemd
systemd init

# 2. Configure basic settings
systemd config set host example.com
systemd config set port 8080

# 3. Start service
systemd start

# 4. Check status
systemd status

# 5. Perform operations
systemd run --target example.com

# 6. View results
systemd results

# 7. Stop service
systemd stop

Advanced Workflow

# Comprehensive operation with monitoring
systemd run \
  --config production.yaml \
  --parallel \
  --workers 8 \
  --verbose \
  --timeout 300 \
  --output json \
  --log-file operation.log

# Monitor in real-time
systemd monitor --real-time --interval 5

# Generate report
systemd report --type comprehensive --output report.html

Automation Example

#!/bin/bash
# Automated systemd workflow

# Configuration
TARGETS_FILE="targets.txt"
RESULTS_DIR="results/$(date +%Y-%m-%d)"
CONFIG_FILE="automation.yaml"

# Create results directory
mkdir -p "$RESULTS_DIR"

# Process each target
while IFS= read -r target; do
    echo "Processing $target..."

    systemd \
        --config "$CONFIG_FILE" \
        --output json \
        --output-file "$RESULTS_DIR/$\\\\{target\\\\}.json" \
        run "$target"

done < "$TARGETS_FILE"

# Generate summary report
systemd report summary \
    --input "$RESULTS_DIR/*.json" \
    --output "$RESULTS_DIR/summary.html"

Best Practices

Security

• Always verify checksums when downloading binaries
• Use strong authentication methods (API keys, certificates)
• Regularly update to the latest version
• Follow principle of least privilege
• Enable audit logging for compliance
• Use encrypted connections when possible
• Validate all inputs and configurations
• Implement proper access controls

Performance

• Use appropriate resource limits for your environment
• Monitor system performance regularly
• Optimize configuration for your use case
• Use parallel processing when beneficial
• Implement proper caching strategies
• Regular maintenance and cleanup
• Profile performance bottlenecks
• Use efficient algorithms and data structures

Operational

• Maintain comprehensive documentation
• Implement proper backup strategies
• Use version control for configurations
• Monitor and alert on critical metrics
• Implement proper error handling
• Use automation for repetitive tasks
• Regular security audits and updates
• Plan for disaster recovery

Development

• Follow coding standards and conventions
• Write comprehensive tests
• Use continuous integration/deployment
• Implement proper logging and monitoring
• Document APIs and interfaces
• Use version control effectively
• Review code regularly
• Maintain backward compatibility

Resources

Official Documentation

• Official Website
• Documentation
• API Reference
• Installation Guide
• Configuration Reference

Community Resources

• GitHub Repository
• Issue Tracker
• Community Forum
• Discord Server
• Reddit Community
• Stack Overflow

Learning Resources

• Getting Started Guide
• Tutorial Series
• Best Practices Guide
• Video Tutorials
• Training Courses
• Certification Program

Related Tools

• Git - Complementary functionality
• Docker - Alternative solution
• Kubernetes - Integration partner

---

Last updated: 2025-07-06|Edit on GitHub